Toronto Transit Commission fares

On the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC), fares may be paid with various fare media. The price of fares is set according to the age of riders; children 12 years of age or under can ride on the TTC free of fare.^[1] Additionally, the TTC discounts the price of using other fare medium in comparison to cash fares.

Cash fares, tokens, and tickets are paid directly to the fare box located on all TTC buses, older streetcars and most subway entrances. The TTC is in the process of deprecating traditional fare media in favour of the Presto card, a contactless system of fare media which is already in place at select subway stations and on board all TTC streetcars and will eventually be the only way to gain access on the TTC. Fares are priced per ride, not distance, although distance-based fares have been studied and proposed during the implementation of the Presto card.^[2]

Single-trip fares

A fare is good for one continuous trip on the TTC, including transfers between routes. The basic fare media are cash, tickets, and tokens. Riders paying using the basic media are entitled to one free transfer per trip, to be obtained when the fare is paid. Transfers are proofs-of-payment and allow riders to switch between most routes without paying additional fares.^[3]

Fares paid in cash are the most expensive. Fares paid in tickets or tokens are slightly discounted from the cash fares.^[4]

Age divisions

The fare, and the purchase cost of non-cash media, is based on the rider's age.

The Adult group (aged 13 and up) pay the highest fares.^[4] The Student (aged 13 to 19) and Senior (aged 65 or older) groups pay a discounted fare if they show supporting identification at the time of payment. Students must produce a Student ID. Seniors may use a TTC Senior's Photo ID or other appropriate photo ID.^[5]

The Child group (aged 2 years to 12 years)^[5] have been able to ride the system for free since March 1, 2015, when the fare group was eliminated as part of the 2015 TTC fare hike.^[6]

Tickets

Tickets are available for seniors and students.^[4]

Adult tickets were issued until 29 September 2008, when they were withdrawn due to counterfeiting.^[7] Adult tickets were temporarily reissued between 23 November 2009^[8] and 31 January 2010^[9] to alleviate demand on tokens during a fare hike that also withdrew all older tickets and passes.^[8]

Tokens

Tokens are sold only at Adult ticket prices but may be used by all riders.^[4]

Unlike cash and tickets, tokens may be used at automated turnstiles. Some subway stations have completely automated entrances.

Design

All tokens have been the same diameter, slightly smaller than a dime.

The tokens used prior to 1954 were brass coins. In 1954, the year the city's first subway opened, these were replaced by lightweight aluminum tokens produced by the Royal Canadian Mint.^[10] The new tokens were simply designed with the word "SUBWAY" prominently displayed on both sides.

By 1966, a new brass token was introduced for single-token sales. The brass token used a more elaborate design displaying the TTC crest on the obverse and the TTC logo on the reverse.^[11]

The extension of the Bloor–Danforth subway into the boroughs of Etobicoke and Scarborough was commemorated by special brass tokens in 1968. These remained in circulation for a limited time.^[12]

New aluminum tokens were introduced in 1975 using the design of the 1966 brass tokens. The 1954 and 1975 tokens remained in circulation until February 2007, when the remaining 30 million were withdrawn due to increased counterfeiting.^[13]

The replacement for the 1954 and 1975 tokens was a bi-metal design phased-in starting in November 2006. It replaced the old tokens completely in February 2007.^[14]

The 2006 tokens were heavier and more resistant to counterfeiting.^[13] 20 million tokens were ordered in 2006.^[14] 20 million additional tokens were purchased from Osborne Coinage Company in 2008 for US$2 million; these tokens were used to replace Adult tickets then in circulation.^[15]

Counterfeits of the 2006 tokens were discovered in 2010. The counterfeits had the correct mass and dimensions, but had subtle typographic errors and lacked the expensive nickel used in real tokens for durability. The counterfeits did not work in automated turnstiles but could pass undetected by a human collector.^[16]

• 

  1954 token.

• 

  c. 1966 brass token.

• 

  1975 token.

Supplementary fares

A premium fare is required for the Downtown Express routes; Metropass bearers are not exempted from the extra charge.^[17]

The TTC operates a few routes that cross municipal boundaries; a premium fare is charged when crossing the boundary. The amount charged is the equivalent of the normal fare of the transit agency serving the municipality.^[18]

Bearers of the GTA Weekly Pass are exempted from the premium fare if they are crossing into a municipality that recognizes the pass. Although Toronto Pearson International Airport is not within Toronto city limits (but is in Mississauga), TTC routes terminating at the airport are not subject to the extra charge.^[19]

Paper transfers

Paper transfers are an integral component of the TTC's fare system. A transfer is a proof-of-payment receipt issued when a fare is paid, allowing riders to switch between most routes without paying additional fares. Unlike other surrounding Greater Toronto Area transit agencies (which operate on a time-based transfer system), paper transfers on the TTC are only valid at first available transfer points for one-way continuous trips and on most routes, they are not valid for stopovers. Pass holders, whose passes themselves act as POP, are not entitled to transfers.^[3]

Design

Two forms of paper transfers have been used on the TTC; one type for surface routes (buses and streetcars) and another for rapid transit routes (subway and RT).

On most surface routes (including all buses and CLRV/ALRV streetcars), transfers are issued directly by vehicle operators. These transfers are pre-printed with the route and date, and torn off from a holder that with tears in certain locations on the bottom and the side, marking it with the time of issue and direction of travel.^[20]

Within subway and RT stations, transfers are issued by machines near entry points into the fare-paid zone. The machines print the name of the station where it was issued, as well as the date and time, on standardized thermal paper. They were introduced in the mid-1990s, and are not valid on surface vehicles at the station.^[21]

The new FTVMs, found on board Flexity streetcars dispense transfers using thermal paper, similar to those used in the subway system. After a passenger pays their fare at the machine or taps a Presto, credit or debit card at that machine, it prints a proof-of-payment transfer which marks the date, time stop and route where issued.

Time-based transfers

In 2005, the TTC introduced "time-based" transfers allowing additional free rides within a two-hour time limit from the start of the vehicle's journey, even if the passenger makes a stopover or reverses direction. The experiment was linked to the temporary substitution of parts of the 512 St. Clair streetcar route by buses due to track reconstruction. Time-based transfers are available only on the St. Clair route; on other routes, they are accepted only at normal transfer points as indicated on the transfer itself.^[22]

Tess Kalinowski, writing in the Toronto Star, reported in January 2014 that TTC staff were studying shifting the TTC to a time-based transfer system, as part of introducing Presto cards, and that they predicted it would result in a $20 million annual loss of revenue.^[23]

Proof-of-payment

Since December 14, 2015, all TTC streetcar lines have operated on a Proof-of-payment (POP) system at all times, in which case all passengers must carry proof that they have paid the correct fares. Passengers with POP, such as a transfer, pass or Presto card can board at any door of the vehicle, (without showing POP to the operator). Presto users must first tap their card on a payment device upon boarding, which then serves as POP and for use transfers to other streetcar lines or to the subway system (at stations which are Presto-enabled). Since some - but not all - TTC buses are equipped with Presto card payment scanners, passengers will be required to obtain a paper POP transfer in that case. (see below)

On older vehicles, use of all-door boarding is at the driver's discretion, depending on the number of passengers boarding and weather conditions. (On newer vehicles, the door opens either by the driver or when a passenger taps the red button).

For passengers without POP, the procedure for paying fares is as follows:

• Passengers boarding the older CLRV/ALRV streetcars must board using the front doors, pay at the farebox, and obtain a POP transfer receipt from the operator.
• Passengers boarding the newer Flexity streetcars should board through the double doors in the second and fourth modules of each car, pay their fare at one of two fare and transfer vending machines (FTVMs) on board the vehicle across from the double doors and receive a POP transfer receipt.
• All passengers using Presto who are connecting to bus routes or entering the subway system via a non-Presto enabled station as part of their journeys are required to either board at the front tap their Presto card on the payment device and ask the operator for a paper POP transfer (on CLRVs/ALRVs) and/or tap their card a second time at the FTVM (on Flexity cars) to receive a paper POP transfer.

Upon request, passengers must present POP to TTC fare inspectors or special constables, who are equipped with handheld Presto card machines to verify Presto card payments and check transaction history. A summons such as a fine can be issued if passengers fail to produce POP upon request, and even stiffer penalties such as criminal charges can be applied to repeat offenders.^[24]

History of POP

POP was introduced on the Queen streetcar lines in 1990 to make better use of the Articulated Light Rail Vehicles on the line.^[25] Prior to August 2014 the POP system was limited to the Queen routes because these routes do not enter a fare-paid terminal of subway stations, due to concerns of further fare evasion. POP is incompatible with the paperless transfer system used by the subway and RT system. The POP system was extended to the 510 Spadina route on August 31, 2014 coinciding with the introduction on that day of new Flexity low-floor streetcars, this is because drivers on these vehicles are in a closed cab and is not responsible for fare collection or issuing transfers. The 504 King followed on January 1, 2015, and the 509 Harbourfront route also became POP on March 29, 2015 when the new Flexity streetcars were added on that line.^[24] Since the summer of 2015, route 511 Bathurst has operated occasionally on a POP system during special events, such as the 2015 Pan American Games and the Canadian National Exhibition, when the Flexity streetcars are used on that line.^[24]

The TTC announced during its 2015 TTC customer charter initiative on January 23, 2015 that it planned to extend POP to all remaining streetcar lines on December 14, 2015 with the introduction of the Presto card machines on all streetcar vehicles. The TTC's bus routes are also expected to go POP by the summer/fall of 2016 as the Presto card system is rolled out, by which point POP and all-door boarding would become the standard for all TTC vehicles and routes system-wide.^[26]

Connections with Metrolinx services

Riders can use Metrolinx-owned services, including GO Transit and Union Pearson Express (at normal fares) for an intermediate stage of their journey without having to pay a second TTC fare when they change back to the TTC, although there are few routes where this is useful; this policy is called "TTC Times Two".^[27]

Fares

These are the fares as of January 3, 2016:^[28]

Fare Type	Adult	Senior/Student	Child
Single Fare Purchase	$3.25	$2.00	Free
Tokens or Tickets	3 tokens for $8.70	5 tickets for $9.75	Free

Passes

These prices took effect on January 3, 2016:^[29]

Fare Type	1 day	1 week	1 month	12 months
Adult	$12.00	$42.25	$141.50	Not Available
Post-Secondary Student	$12.00	$42.25	$112	Not Available
Senior/Student	$12.00	$33	$112	Not Available

*On weekends, valid for group: maximum of two adults over 19 and six people altogether.

Types of passes

A Day Pass, on a weekday, is valid for one person. On a weekend day or holiday, however, the same pass becomes a Family/Group Pass: this means that a single pass can be used, at no additional charge, by two adults traveling together or by one or two adults accompanied by people aged 19 or younger, with up to six people in the group. The pass can be bought in advance, to be marked with the date only when the owner is ready to use it.

A Weekly Pass is valid for seven days, starting on a Monday and ending on a Sunday. The pass is marked for a specific week and is sold only from the preceding Thursday the Tuesday of that week. This pass is valid for one person at a time but can be used by different people at different times. Seniors and high-school students use the same pass, so it can be transferred from one type of user to the other.

The monthly pass is called a Metropass. It is valid for a specific calendar month and is sold from the 24th of the previous month until the fourth working day of its validity. Passengers who sign up to buy 12 months of Metropasses pay a lower rate, as shown above. The Volume Incentive Pass (VIP) program allows part-time post-secondary students, federally and provincially incorporated organizations, limited liability partnerships, hospitals, government departments and agencies, and trade unions to purchase Adult Metropasses in bulk, which are then sold at a lower price than the 12-month discount to the commuter. The pass is transferable under the same rules as the Weekly Pass. Full-time post-secondary students have a distinct Metropass, which can be transferred only to other full-time post-secondary students. Before September 2010, post-secondary institutions issued VIP Metropasses.

Day Passes are printed on card paper; Weekly Passes and Metropasses have a magnetic strip for automatic turnstiles and so, like tokens, work at all subway/RT station entrances whether staffed or not. On surface vehicles, the pass is simply shown to the driver.

A special pass available only to those attending conventions, trade shows, and similar meetings, is not sold to the general public. The TTC issues these passes for the applicable number of days and sells them to the convention operators.

Downtown Express fares

The TTC operates five rush-hour express bus routes serving downtown. In addition to the basic fare, the passenger must pay a supplement of one ticket or token, or its equivalent value. For example, an adult can pay with two tokens, or one token plus $3.25, or $6.50 in cash. Pass users and those transferring from ordinary routes pay only the supplement; for Metropass users there is also the option of buying a sticker (sold only at King, Osgoode, and St. Andrew subway stations) for $41.50 that covers use of the downtown express buses for the full month.

Express buses in other parts of the city charge regular fares.

Senior and Student Discount ID Pass

The seniors pass was created in the 1980s (valid with driver's licence/government-issued photo ID), with the additional capability of the same pass being used by students (with a TTC-issued photo ID card) some time later.

Post-secondary student passes

While the Senior/Student Metropass and other student fares were available only to high-school students, a separate Post-Secondary Student Metropass became available to university and college students (likewise requiring TTC-issued photo ID), starting with the September 2010 pass.

Weekly pass

In September 2005, the Weekly Pass was introduced. This is a type of Metropass valid for only one week and available with a discount rate similar to that of the Metropass for high school students and seniors. There is no post-secondary student version available.

History of passes

The TTC has always been cautious about the loss of revenue from selling passes to riders who would otherwise make the same trips and pay more. Passes have been introduced gradually and always been relatively expensive compared to some other transit systems: for example, in the fares adopted in 2014, an adult Metropass must be used for 50 trips in a month or else tickets or tokens would be cheaper. (However, since July 2006, a federal income tax credit has been available on monthly transit passes. For those able to buy a pass and wait for their federal transit tax credit, which is 15%, the threshold is reduced to 43 trips per month.)^[30][31]

The first pass regularly offered on the TTC was the "Sunday or Holiday Pass", introduced in 1973. It allowed group travel on Sundays and holidays, similar to the later Day Pass. However, because the TTC was always heavily used on the last day of the Canadian National Exhibition, the pass was not offered on Labour Day.

The TTC introduced the Metropass in 1980. At that time, there was only one price, based on the adult fare. The pass was not transferable and had to be used with TTC-issued photo ID cards (in about 2000 the TTC also began accepting Ontario driver's licences as ID). A lower-price Metropass for seniors was added in 1984, and for students in 1991 (originally at a slightly higher rate than seniors). The magnetic stripe was added to the pass in 1990, allowing it to operate automatic turnstiles, even though this meant that the user's ID would then not normally be checked.

To combat fraud and sharing the pass amongst riders, a printable box was placed on the right-hand side of the card. To make the pass valid for the month, the commuter hand-printed the digits of either the commuter's Metropass Photo ID card, if the commuter had one, or the commuter's initials and abbreviated gender if the commuter used other ID. The holder of the pass was also required to show the commuter's Metropass Photo ID card or another piece of Government of Ontario-issued identification at the same time that the holder presented their pass.

In 1990, the Sunday or Holiday Pass was replaced by the Day Pass. It remained valid on Sundays and holidays (now also including Labour Day) for groups, but was extended to weekdays and Saturdays as a single-person pass. On weekdays, however, it was not valid until the end of the morning rush hour at 9:30 a.m.

From 1992 to 2009, free parking for Metropass users was provided at certain subway-station parking lots. Some lots were restricted to Metropass users.

In February 1993, the Metropass became the same size as a credit card and could be swiped at subway stations. The new design was a simple mono-coloured and two-shaded design, with the abbreviation of the month in a large font, and the year placed beneath it in the same font and colour. The background of the card's front had a shaded design so as to enable the holder to distinguish the text on the card.

At about the same time, the TTC introduced an Annual Metropass, good for a whole year. As a higher-cost option, the pass was available in transferable form: the first transferable pass on the TTC. Both versions were soon withdrawn and replaced by the 12-month discount plan for the regular monthly pass.

Around 1994, the TTC began announcing specific periods around Christmas, and sometimes other holidays, when the Day Pass would be accepted as a group pass on any day. Starting around 2002, they also offered transferable weekly passes during certain weeks.

From July 1996 to March 2004, the pass carried a faux gold-stamped version of the Toronto Transit Commission's seal.

Since 2000

In 2000, the design was altered to include the "Toronto Millennium" logo, celebrating the changeover to a new millennium.

In April 2004, the Metropass changed its design to a multi-colour vertical gradient, along with a different type of faux gold-imprinted "Metropass" logo (it uses the unique TTC font used in several subway stations). The colours and pattern of the gradient vary from month to month. In addition, the year was now printed in a bold font at the upper right, with the month imprinted in the same faux gold as the Metropass logo.

In 2005, with a political climate including the prospect of subsidies tied to ridership, the TTC became more willing to promote pass usage even at the loss of other fares. First, in March, they extended the Day Pass to be usable by groups on Saturdays. Then in September, the Metropass became transferable (with ID required only to prove eligibility for the senior or student fare), and at the same time, the transferable Weekly Pass was introduced. On the Metropass, the printable anti-fraud box was removed and replaced by wording suggesting the transfer of the pass to others when one was not using it.

Though the reverse side of the pass has always had the conditions of use printed on the reverse, it did not see much updating until the passes were made transferable in 2005, at which point a "No 'Pass Back'" rule was added: in essence, a rider who enters the system using a pass must not hand it to someone outside the fare-paid area, which would allow both to use it at once.

In February 2006, to reduce lineups at the collector booths, the TTC introduced vending machines (accepting payment by debit card only) at some subway stations for the Weekly Pass and the Metropass. In April 2006, the Day Pass became valid all day on weekdays.

On certain special occasions the TTC has offered passes with other periods of validity as appropriate. These have included the Papal Visits of 1984 and 2002.

The TTC redesigned its Metropasses to include custom holograms and a yellow "activation" sticker, beginning with the July 2009 Metropasses, due to widespread counterfeiting of the Metropasses between January and May 2009.^[32] In addition, removing the "activation" sticker reveals a thin film, which is used to prevent the reapplication of the sticker, and removing the film would leave a sticky residue, in which dirt and other particles can obscure the hologram.^[33] The thin film reads, "Do not remove," to prevent curious Metropass users from removing it.

The TTC offers the Metropass Hot Dealz [sic], in which a current Metropass user and three guests can receive an admission discount at various venues and events, such as Casa Loma, the CN Tower, the Hockey Hall of Fame, Ontario Place, the Ontario Science Centre, and the Toronto Zoo.^[34] These compete directly with CityPASS, except that CityPASS is marketed to tourists outside of Toronto, while the Metropass Hot Dealz is marketed to Torontonians.

See also the Fares outside Toronto section below

Inter-agency media

GTA Weekly Pass

The GTA Weekly Pass is valid on the TTC, MiWay, York Region Transit, and Brampton Transit. It is good for unlimited travel for seven days starting on a Monday. It is sold at selected locations on starting the Thursday before the week of use, until Tuesday on the week of use.^[35]

Pass bearers are exempted from the extra charge for crossing the municipal boundary between areas served by the four participating agencies. Bearers are not exempted from the extra charges for certain "premium" and "express" routes.^[35]

The pass has a magnetic stripe to operate TTC turnstiles.^[36]

The pass was introduced in 1994 based on a recommendation of the provincial government. The Ministry of Transportation (MTO) provided a subsidy at the onset, but this was withdrawn in 1998. Revenues from pass sales are split between the participating agencies.^[36]

Presto card

The provincial Minister of Transportation announced plans to introduce the Presto card, a unified smartcard-based payment system for the entire Greater Toronto Area similar to the OPUS card used in Montreal, and the Octopus card used in Hong Kong. It was introduced on October 2008 (after trials were completed by GO Transit in Mississauga from June 25, 2007 to September 30, 2008).

Presto card readers on the TTC are available at more than a half of 69 of its subway stations,^[37] on board all streetcars, and on board many buses. It is expected that all TTC surface vehicles and subway stations will be equipped with Presto payments machines by the end of 2016.

Twin Pass

Fares on the provincially operated GO Transit are separate from TTC fares, for travel within and outside of Toronto. A "Twin Pass", which combined a Metropass with a monthly GO Transit ticket for a specific journey at a discount compared to their individual prices, was available from 1988 until 2002.

Procedures

Purchasing media

Tickets, tokens, and passes may be bought on the subway and RT system at staffed collector booths. They may also be purchased around Toronto at over 1200 Authorized TTC Fare Media Sellers.^[38]

Tokens may be bought at stations from vending machines,^[38] while some stations also have pass vending machines.^[39] Two ticket machines in Pearson Airport's Terminal 1 sells tokens and single-fare tickets using cash or credit cards.^[38]

The most recent type of ticket machine, called a "Fare and Transfer Vending Machine", is located on board new Flexity Outlook streetcars (at the second and fourth modules of each car near the double doors). These machines dispense transfers when payment is made using tokens, coins, Presto and credit or debit cards.^[40]

Payment

Rapid transit stations

All subway stations have at least one fare collector's booth with a turnstile, where single-ride cash fares are paid using a farebox, and from which cardboard tickets and tokens are sold and can be used. They are also used to grant children under 12 years of age free access to the system. Stations with higher traffic volume often have an additional farebox placed beside a movable barrier, which can be opened and manned during busier periods, allowing more people to pass through at once and improving accessibility for the disabled. Tokens are sold in the collector's booth, and from automatic machines that accept $10 and $20 bills.^[41]

All stations also have automatic turnstiles that operate without a fare collector. These are usually located adjacent to the fare collector's booth, although some located at secondary, unattended entrances. These are operated only by tokens, which are sold at adult fare rates, as well as Metropasses, or at some stations, Presto cards. Tickets, which are used for paying student and senior fares,^[4] do not operate the automatic turnstiles, and cannot be used by children or other passengers who are entitled to free travel.

The TTC has begun to introduce new Presto-enabled fare gates which automatically open when a passenger swipes his or her Metropass or Presto card, similar to existing wide-aisle gates used by wheelchair users. These gates improve traffic flow by providing barrier-free access into the paid area of stations. The first gates were installed at Main Street station in April 2016 and the remaining subway stations are expected to be retrofitted by the end of the year.^[42]

Buses and streetcars

On buses and older CLRV and ALRV streetcars, fares are deposited into a farebox near the operator. Tickets and tokens are accepted but are not sold; passengers must buy them in advance at a subway/RT station or an authorized TTC retailer. Single-ride fares must be paid with exact cash; change is not given.^[43] Passengers boarding streetcars with valid proof-of-payment may board at any door, including Presto card users, who tap their card on a reader located at each set of doors on the vehicles.

On the newer Flexity vehicles, the operator is situated inside a separated booth and the driver does not monitor fare payments. Fare payment procedures on the Flexity vehicles are as follows:^[44]

• Two Fare and Transfer Vending Machines (FTVMs) will dispense a proof-of-payment receipt when a fare is paid with tokens, coins, credit, or debit cards. The machines are also able to produce pre-validated adult, student, and senior tickets. (FTVMs do not accept bills and they do not provide change.)
• Tickets for senior, or student fares must be validated by inserting them into one of the two red TTC Ticket Validator machines beside the FTVMs.
• Presto card users tap their card when boarding the vehicle at one of six readers located at each of the four doorways; those connecting to bus routes or entering via a non-Presto enabled subway station must tap their card again on the "Fare and Transfer Vending Machine" to receive a proof-of-payment transfer receipt.^[40]

Overnight service

The TTC's Blue Night Network charges the normal TTC fares. The overnight period is considered, for purposes of TTC passes, as part of the preceding traffic day: in effect, the date changes at 5:30 a.m. or the start of daytime service, not at midnight.

History of zone fares

From 1921 until 1953, one TTC fare was good for any distance within the City of Toronto. Where were routes extending outside the city, extra fares were charged.

In 1954, Metropolitan Toronto ("Metro") was created, covering the whole present area of the City of Toronto. The TTC took on responsibility for transit within the entire area. A flat fare was not considered to be feasible for so large an area; so the TTC created the Central Zone, which roughly incorporated the City of Toronto, and set up a series of concentric semicircular rings around it as Suburban Zone 1, 2, etc., with an additional fare required for each one. Routes extending beyond the Metro limit continued to be separate radial routes, so the zones still had the effect of fare stages, but, within Metro, it became possible to change buses within a suburban zone. This external link shows a route map of this period. The (roughly rectangular) Metro limit is not marked on the map, but Suburban Zone 2 extends to just reach this limit in the north and the southwest only; the Port Credit bus and part of the North Yonge bus are the only TTC routes then extending outside Metro.

In 1956, Suburban Zones 1 and 2 were combined as Zone 2 and the Central Zone became the new Zone 1.

During this early period, the outer zones within Metro were relatively undeveloped and bus routes in them were sparse; but as development increased, there was pressure for lower suburban fares, and in 1962 the outer boundary of Zone 2 was extended to all the way to the Metro limit. Higher fares, still on a zonal basis along each radial route, now applied only on the few routes running beyond Metro; in effect, the zone boundaries outside Zone 2 had changed from semicircles to rough rectangles. (Eventually the zones along each remaining route beyond Metro were combined and the fares coordinated with those of adjacent transit agencies; see below.)

In 1968, the Bloor–Danforth Subway was extended east and west through the boundary between Zones 1 and 2, but the subway remained part of Zone 1. On January 21, 1973, with construction already well advanced on a similar extension of the Yonge–University Subway, the TTC acceded to pressure to abolish the zone boundary, and all of Metro (now the unified City of Toronto) gained service at a single flat fare. (The new subway stations on both lines in what had been Zone 2 had not been designed for the change: their bus terminals were outside of the subway's fare-paid area. The layout of some stations allowed this to be easily corrected by moving the fare barrier, but at other stations this was unfeasible and they were not reconfigured until a later renovation, if at all.)

References

External links

Official

• TTC official site
  • fares page
  • history page

Fan websites

Fares

• TTC fares since 1954 (Mike's Transit Stop)

Maps

• Historical system maps (Mike's Transit Stop)
• Historical system maps (Transit Toronto)

Fare media

• Surface transfers from 1944-1955 (Transit Toronto)
• Subway transfers from the late-1980s and early-1990s (Primary Access Node)