Types of swords
Further information: Classification of swords and List of premodern combat weapons § Swords
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This is a list of types of swords.
The term sword used here is a narrow definition. This is not a general list of bladed weapons and does not include the machete or similar "sword-like" weapons.
Prehistoric
- Bronze Age sword
- Khopesh (Egyptian)
- Iron Age sword
- Harpe (Greek mythology)
European swords
Ancient history
Post-Classical history
Main article: Oakeshott typology
- Viking sword (early medieval spatha)
- Paramerion (Eastern Roman Byzantine sword)
- Khmali sword (Early medieval Georgian sword)
- Arming sword (high medieval knightly sword)
- Longsword (late medieval)
- Estoc (thrust-oriented)
- Two-handed claymore (late medieval Scottish)
- Curtana (a medieval term for a ceremonial sword)
- Sabina (a small sword used in daily life)
Modern history
16th and 17th centuries
Further information: European dueling sword and Basket-hilted sword
- Espada ropera/spada da lato (early 16th century)
- Zweihänder (16th-century German)
- Flamberge (properly called Flammard)
- Basket-hilted swords
- Broadsword (16th-century English)
- Schiavona (Italian basket-hilted sword)
- Mortuary sword (17th-century cavalry basket-hilted sword)
- Basket-hilted Claymore (17th to 18th-century Scottish)
- Backsword (as a term for a specific weapon type, this refers to the swords of 16th to 17th-century English cavalry)
- Katzbalger (16th-century German short sword)
- Cinquedea/Anelace (Italian short sword)
- Executioner's sword (16th-century swords designed for executions, especially in Germany)
- Rapier (17th century development of the Spanish type)
- Swiss sword (16th and 17th centuries)
- Cutlass (Caribbean)
- Hanger (Longer version of Cutlass)
18th and 19th centuries
- Smallsword (18th century)
- Bilbo
- Scottish Officer's Dirk
- Spadroon
- Sabre (adopted in 18th century cavalry)
- Pistol sword (19th century novelty item)
- Hunting sword
- Modern fencing (sport equipment)
- U.S. regulation swords (sabres, and in some instances fascine knives shaped like short swords)
African swords
Sub-Saharan African swords
- Shotel (Ethiopian)
- Takoba
- Billao (Somalian)
- Kaskara (Sudanese)
- Ida (Sword) (West African/Ivory Coast)
Asian swords
West Asian and North African swords
Main article: Scimitar
All of the Islamic world during the 16th to 18th century, including the Ottoman Empire and Persia were influenced by the saif or "scimitar" type of single-edged curved sword. Via the Mameluke sword this also gave rise to the European cavalry sabre.
Terms for the "scimitar" curved sword:
- Pulwar (Afghanistan)
- Shamshir (Persia)
- Kilij (Turkish)
- Mameluke sword (18th to 19th century Egyptian)
- Flyssa (19th century Algeria)
- Kaskara (19th century Sudan)
- Nimcha (18th century Morocco)
- Shotel (Ethiopian scimitar)
- Takoba (Tuareg sword)
East Asian swords
- China
Main article: Chinese sword
- Jian (劍 pinyin jiàn)
- Baguajian (八卦劍)
- Dao (刀 pinyin dāo) "sabre"
- Baguadao (八卦刀)
- Butterfly sword (蝴蝶雙刀)
- Changdao (長刀)
- Chinese War Sword
- Dadao (大刀)
- Errenduo (二人奪)
- Hudieshuangdao (蝴蝶雙刀)
- Kaishandao (開山刀)
- Liuyedao (柳針刀)
- Mazhadao (麻扎刀)
- Piandao (片刀)
- Taijidao (太極刀)
- Taijijian (太極劍)
- Miao dao (苗刀)
- Nandao (南刀)
- Wodao (倭刀)
- Xuehuadao (雪花刀)
- Yanmaodao (雁翎刀)
- Yutoudao (魚頭刀)
- Zhanmadao (斬馬刀)
- Hook sword (鉤)
- Japan
Main article: Japanese sword
- Nihonto (日本刀)
- Dōtanuki
- Uchigatana
- Korea
Main article: Korean sword
- Hwandudaedo (환두대도; 环首大刀)
- Saingeom (사인검)
- Jedokgum (제독검)
- Ssangeom (쌍도; 双刀; 쌍검: 双剣)
South and Southeast Asian swords
- Talwar
- Khanda
- Gupti
- Pata
- Firangi
- Hengdang
- Katar
- Kris
- Kukri
- Moplah
- Kastane
- Bichuwa
- Malappuram Kathi
- Urumi
- Rampuri
- Naga Dao
Swords and knives found in Southeast Asia are influenced by Indian, Far Eastern (Chinese) as well as Near Eastern (Muslim) and European (Spanish) forms.
- Balisword: an exceptionally large balisong knife. Similar to a balisong, two hilts cover the blade of a balisword
- Bolo: a large cutting tool of Filipino used in their revolutions
- Buntot Pagi: Stingray tails used as a weapon of Filipino origin
- Dahong Palay: a Filipino machete-like sword with capability for thrusting
- Dha: single-edged Burmese sword, perhaps influenced by the Chinese Dao (For Thai : Daab)
- Kalis: double-edged "wavy" Filipino sword, similar to the Kris dagger
- Kampilan: large single-edged Filipino sword
- Klewang: single-edged Indonesian sword similar to the Filipino Kampilan
- Krabi: Thai sabre used in Krabi krabong
- Pinuti: Filipino sword influenced by the West and used also as a farm tool
References
See also
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