The War Prayer

This article is about the Mark Twain short story. For the Babylon 5 TV episode, see The War Prayer (Babylon 5).

"The War Prayer," a short story or prose poem by Mark Twain, is a scathing indictment of war, and particularly of blind patriotic and religious fervor as motivations for war. The structure of the work is simple: An unnamed country goes to war, and patriotic citizens attend a church service for soldiers who have been called up. The people call upon their God to grant them victory and protect their troops. Suddenly, an "aged stranger" appears and announces that he is God's messenger. He explains to them that he is there to speak aloud the second part of their prayer for victory, the part which they have implicitly wished for but have not spoken aloud themselves: the prayer for the suffering and destruction of their enemies. What follows is a grisly depiction of hardships inflicted on war-torn nations by their conquerors. The story ends with the man being ignored.

History

"The War Prayer" was written in 1905, and is believed to be a response to both the Spanish–American War and the subsequent Philippine–American War.[1] It was left unpublished by Mark Twain at his death in April 1910, largely due to pressure from his family, who feared that the story would be considered sacrilegious.[2] Twain's publisher and other friends also discouraged him from publishing it.[3] According to one account, his illustrator Dan Beard asked him if he would publish it anyway, and Twain replied, "No, I have told the whole truth in that, and only dead men can tell the truth in this world. It can be published after I am dead."[4] Mindful of public reaction, he considered that he had a family to support[2] and did not want to be seen as a lunatic or fanatic.[4] "The War Prayer" was finally published in the 1923 anthology Europe and Elsewhere.

Works based on the short story

The 1981 PBS filmed version of Twain's "A Private History of a Campaign That Failed" contains "The War Prayer" as an epilogue, which takes place during the Philippine Insurrection. Edward Herrmann played the Stranger, as well as the innocent man who had been killed accidentally by the boys years before in the American Civil War, thus lending a supernatural air to the Stranger's origins.[5][6]

In June 1996, Melvin Belli recited the oratory to David Woodard's brass fanfare setting of "The War Prayer" at San Francisco's Old First Church.[7]

In 2006, the short film War Prayer (2005), won the Best Director Award at the Beverly Hills Film Festival, Harold Cronk directed the film and adapted the screenplay from Twain's The War Prayer.[8][9]

In April 2007, a ten-minute, short film adaptation, entitled "The War Prayer," was released by Lyceum Films. Written by Marco Sanchez, and directed by Michael Goorjian, the adaptation starred Jeremy Sisto as "The Stranger," and Tim Sullivan as "The Preacher".[10][11]

That same year, journalist and Washington Monthly president Markos Kounalakis directed and produced an animated short film based on Twain's piece, also entitled "The War Prayer." Narrated by Peter Coyote, it featured Lawrence Ferlinghetti as the Minister, and Eric Bauersfeld as the Stranger.[12]

Heavy metal band Carnal Agony based their song "War Prayer" from the album "Preludes & Nocturnes" on the poem.

References

  1. ↑ J. R. LeMaster (2011). The Routledge Encyclopedia of Mark Twain. Routledge.
  2. 1 2 Van Wyck Brooks (1920). Ordeal of Mark Twain. E.P. Dutton & Company.
  3. ↑ Twain, Mark. "The War Prayer". LewRockwell.com. Retrieved 25 February 2013.
  4. 1 2 Albert Bigelow Paine (1912). Mark Twain: A Biography : the Personal and Literary Life of Samuel Langhorne Clemens. Harper & Brothers.
  5. ↑ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0081377/combined
  6. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sVYIRbmxHpc
  7. ↑ David Woodard and Melvin Belli—"The War Prayer"
  8. ↑ "Beverly Hills Film Festival". Best Director: Harold Cronk, for War Prayer. Beverly Hills, California, USA: Internet Movie Database. 5–9 April 2006. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  9. ↑ Guis, Dee (16 April 2006). "Beverly Hills Film Festival: And the Envelope Please...". Canyon News. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  10. ↑ The War Prayer, a 2007 short film adaptation from Lyceum Films, Internet Movie Database listing
  11. ↑ Lyceum Films's The War Prayer web site movie credits page
  12. ↑ The War Prayer, a 2007 animated short file by Markos Kounalakis (web site)

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