Joop Zoetemelk

Joop Zoetemelk

Zoetemelk in 1971
Personal information
Full name	Hendrik Gerardus Jozef Zoetemelk
Nickname	Joop
Born	(1946-12-03) 3 December 1946 The Hague, Netherlands
Height	1.73 m (5 ft 8 in)
Weight	68 kg (150 lb; 10.7 st)
Team information
Current team	Retired
Discipline	Road
Role	Rider
Rider type	All-round
Professional team(s)
1970–1972	Mars-Flandria
1973–1974	Gitane-Frigecreme
1975–1979	Gan-Mercier
1980–1981	TI-Raleigh
1982–1983	Coop-Mercier
1984–1986	Kwantum
1987	Superconfex
Major wins
Grand Tours Tour de France General classification (1980) Combination classification (1973) 10 individual stages Vuelta a España General classification (1979) Mountains classification (1971) 3 individual stages Stage Races Paris–Nice (1974, 1975, 1979) Tour de Romandie (1973) Tirreno–Adriatico (1985) Critérium International (1979) Single-Day Races and Classics National Road Race Championships (1971, 1973) Amstel Gold Race (1987) La Flèche Wallonne (1976) Paris–Tours (1977, 1979)
Medal record Representing the  Netherlands Road bicycle racing Olympic Games 1968 Mexico City Team time trial World Championships 1985 Giavera di Montello Professional road race

Hendrik Gerardus Jozef "Joop" Zoetemelk (pronounced [ˈjoːp ˈsutəmɛlk];^[1] born 3 December 1946) is a retired professional racing cyclist from the Netherlands who has emigrated to France. He started, and finished, the Tour de France 16 times – a record. Three other riders have had more than 16 starts, but none has yet matched Zoetemelk's record of completing the event. He won the race in 1980 and also came eighth, fifth, fourth (three times) and second (six times).^[2] He won the world professional road championship in 1985 at 38. He retired from the sport to run a hotel at Meaux, near Paris, France.^[3]

Early life and career

Zoetemelk was raised in Rijpwetering,^[4] the son of Maria and Gerard Zoetemelk.^[5] He started working as a carpenter. He became a speed-skater^[6] and a regional champion before turning to cycling in 1964.^[6] He joined the Swift club in Leiden and made a fast impression, winning youth races in his first season. He rode particularly well as a senior in multi-day races. He won the Tour of Yugoslavia, the Circuit des Mines, three stages and the mountains prize in the Tour of Austria, and the 1969 Tour de l'Avenir.^[7] He also won a gold medal at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City in the 100 km team time-trial with Fedor den Hertog, Jan Krekels and René Pijnen.^[8]

Professional career

Zoetemelk turned professional for Briek Schotte's Belgian Mars-Flandria team in 1970.^[7][9] He came second to Eddy Merckx in that year's Tour de France.

Zoetemelk won Paris–Nice, the Semana Catalana and the Tour de Romandie in 1974 and then crashed heavily into a car left unattended at the finish of the Midi-Libre in Valras-Plage, France. He cracked his skull and came close to dying.^[10] He returned next season to win Paris–Nice again and then caught meningitis. He never fully recovered and the head injury reduced his sense of taste. He nevertheless won 20 races that season, including Paris–Nice, the Tour of Holland and the Dwars door Lausanne and a stage of the Tour de France. He also came fourth in the Tour de France.

Of one-day races, in 1976 he won the Flèche Wallonne, in 1977 and 1979 the Grand Prix d'Automne, and came fourth in the world championships of 1976 and 1982 before winning in 1985, the oldest man to win the professional title.^[6]

Zoetemelk in 1979

Peter Post, manager of the TI-Raleigh team in the Netherlands, approached Zoetemelk through his wife, Françoise, after the world championship in 1979.^[11] Zoetemelk had long lived in France and ridden for French teams. His sponsor, the bicycle company Mercier, ended its sponsorship and Zoetemelk was looking for a new team. The following year Zoetemelk won his – and TI-Raleigh's – only Tour de France. The pre-race favourite, Bernard Hinault had retired halfway due to knee-problems. Zoetemelk objected to claims that he had won only because Hinault had dropped out, saying: "Surely winning the Tour de France is a question of health and robustness. If Hinault doesn't have that health and robustness and I have, that makes me a valid winner."

Gerald O'Donovan, the TI-Raleigh director behind sponsorship of the team, said:

"We needed a winner and for 1980 signed Joop Zoetemelk, who had an outstanding record of places but had probably enjoyed less support than we could give him. We cleaned up the Tours of Belgium, Holland and Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré in preparation and waited for the big day. The big plan to control Bernard Hinault, who had won for the previous two years, came to fruition. The team attacked his every move; this was Panzer Group Post^[12] at its most formidable. About halfway through the race he abandoned the lead to Zoetemelk and pulled out of the race. We arrived in Paris with the overall lead, 12 stage wins and the team prize, to say nothing of a whole bundle of francs. We had pounded away winning the battles for the previous four years; at last we had won the war."

In 18 years as a professional (1969–1987), Zoetemelk won the Tour de France in 1980, and the Vuelta a España in 1979. He came second in the Tour de France six times.

Doping

Zoetemelk was caught in drug tests during the Tour de France in 1977 and 1979. He also tested positive in 1983. At the time, blood doping was not considered a huge deal in road cycling and he mostly escaped punishment. He was not implicated during his Tour win in 1980.^[13][14][15]

Assessment

Zoetemelk is one of the most successful Tour riders of all time;^[16] he finished second a record six times and won once. His career coincided with the rise and dominance of Eddy Merckx and Zoetemelk was often criticised for following rather than attacking the Belgian. Zoetemelk had naturally fair skin and a popular joke said that he never acquired a tan during the Tour because he was always in Merckx's shadow. A fellow Tour rider, Rini Wagtmans, said: "Joop Zoetemelk is the best rider that the Netherlands has ever known. There has never been a better one. But he could not give instructions. He was treated and helped with respect. But when Zoetemelk won the Tour, the instructions had to come from Gerrie Knetemann and Jan Raas."^[17]

Peter Post said: "Joop would fit in any team. I've known only a few riders who were so easy. He followed the rules, he got on with people. That's the way he is. He never asked for domestiques. Joop never demanded anything."^[18]

Personal life and retirement

Zoetemelk in 2008

After retiring, Zoetemelk became a directeur sportif with Superconfex, which became Rabobank in 1996. Zoetemelk stayed with Rabobank for 10 years, retiring as a directeur sportif and from the sport after the 2006 Vuelta a España.

Zoetemelk married Françoise Duchaussoy, daughter of the Tour de France executive, Jacques Duchaussoy. They owned and ran the Richemont hotel in Meaux, near Paris. Their son, Karl,^[19] was a French mountain bike rider and champion.

Recognition

Joop Zoetemelk was the second Dutch winner of the Tour de France after Jan Janssen. The Dutch cycling federation, the KNWU, named Zoetemelk the best Dutch rider of all time at a gala to mark its 75th anniversary. A statue of him at Rijpwetering, where he was born and grew up, was unveiled on 31 May 2005. He was named sportsman of the year in the Netherlands in 1980 and 1985. Between 1972 and 1985, he won the Gerrit Schulte Trophy nine times as best rider of the year, more than anybody else in Dutch professional racing.^[20] The Joop Zoetemelk Classic, a cyclo-sportive over 45, 75 or 150 km, is held every March, organised by the Swift club of which Zoetemelk is a member. The course passes his statue.

Career achievements

Major results

Grand Tour results timeline

See also

• List of Dutch cyclists who have led the Tour de France general classification
• List of Dutch Olympic cyclists

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Joop Zoetemelk.

• Joop Zoetemelk profile at Cycling Archives

UCI Road World Champions – Men's road race
1927: Binda 1928–29: Ronsse 1930: Binda 1931: Guerra 1932: Binda 1933: Speicher 1934: Kaers 1935: Aerts 1936: Magne 1937: Meulenberg 1938: Kint 1946: Knecht 1947: Middelkamp 1948: Schotte 1949: Van Steenbergen 1950: Schotte 1951: Kübler 1952: Müller 1953: Coppi 1954: Bobet 1955: Ockers 1956–57: Van Steenbergen 1958: Baldini 1959: Darrigade 1960–61: Van Looy 1962: Stablinski 1963: Beheyt 1964: Janssen 1965: Simpson 1966: Altig 1967: Merckx 1968: Adorni 1969: Ottenbros 1970: Monseré 1971: Merckx 1972: Basso 1973: Gimondi 1974: Merckx 1975: Kuiper 1976: Maertens 1977: Moser 1978: Knetemann 1979: Raas 1980: Hinault 1981: Maertens 1982: Saronni 1983: LeMond 1984: Criquielion 1985: Zoetemelk 1986: Argentin 1987: Roche 1988: Fondriest 1989: LeMond 1990: Dhaenens 1991–92: Bugno 1993: Armstrong 1994: Leblanc 1995: Olano 1996: Museeuw 1997: Brochard 1998: Camenzind 1999: Freire 2000: Vainšteins 2001: Freire 2002: Cipollini 2003: Astarloa 2004: Freire 2005: Boonen 2006–07: Bettini 2008: Ballan 2009: Evans 2010: Hushovd 2011: Cavendish 2012: Gilbert 2013: Costa 2014: Kwiatkowski 2015–16: Sagan