1982 Tour de France

1982 Tour de France
Route of the 1982 Tour de France
Race details
Dates 2–25 July
Stages 21 + Prologue, including one split stage
Distance 3,507 km (2,179 mi)
Winning time 92h 08' 46"
Results
Winner  Bernard Hinault (FRA) (Renault–Elf–Gitane)
Second  Joop Zoetemelk (NED) (Coop–Mercier–Mavic)
Third  Johan van der Velde (NED) (TI Raleigh–Campagnolo–Merckx)
Points  Sean Kelly (IRE) (Sem–France Loire–Campagnolo)
Mountains  Bernard Vallet (FRA) (La Redoute–Motobecane)
Youth  Phil Anderson (AUS) (Peugeot–Shell–Michelin)
Combination  Bernard Hinault (FRA) (Renault–Elf–Gitane)
Sprints  Sean Kelly (IRE) (Sem–France Loire–Campagnolo)
Team Coop–Mercier–Mavic
Team Points Ti Raleigh–Campagnolo–Merckx

The 1982 Tour de France was the 69th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 2 to 25 July. The total race distance was 22 stages over 3,507 km (2,179 mi). It was won by Bernard Hinault, his fourth victory so far.

Teams

For a more comprehensive list, see List of teams and cyclists in the 1982 Tour de France.

In response to the finish of the 1981 Tour de France, French minister of sports Edwige Avice objected to the amount of advertising in the race, and suggested the Tour to return to the national team format. The Tour organisation needed the money brought in by the sponsors, and no changes were made to the team structure.[1]

The Tour organisation decided to start with 17 teams, each with 10 cyclists, for a total of 170, a new record. Tour director Félix Lévitan suggested to reduce the number of cyclists by starting with teams of 9 cyclists, but this was rejected.[2] Teams could submit a request to join until 15 May 1982. To promote cycling in the United States of America, the American national cycling team would automatically be accepted,[2] but the American team made no request.

The teams entering the race were:[3]

Pre-race favourites

Hinault, who had won the Tour in 1978, 1979 and 1981, and left the 1980 Tour in leading position, was the clear favourite for the victory. In those other years, Hinault had won several races before the Tour, but in 1982 he had only won one major race, the 1982 Giro d'Italia. Hinault tried to be the fourth cyclist, after Fausto Coppi, Jacques Anquetil and Eddy Merckx, to win the Giro-Tour double.[4]

Notable absent was Lucien Van Impe, who was second in the 1981 Tour de France, winning the mountains classification. Since the 1969 Tour de France, Van Impe had started each edition, winning the general classification in the 1976 Tour and the mountains classification five times. Van Impe wanted to join, but his team Metauro was not invited, as the organisation considered it not strong enough to ride both the Giro and the Tour. Van Impe tried to find a team to hire him only for the 1982 Tour, but was not successful.[4]

Route and stages

The 1982 Tour de France started on 2 July, and had two rest days, in Lille and Martigues.[5]

Stage characteristics and winners[3][5][6]
Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner
P 2 July Basel (Switzerland) 7 km (4.3 mi) Individual time trial  Bernard Hinault (FRA)
1 3 July Basel (Switzerland) to Möhlin (Switzerland) 207 km (129 mi) Hilly stage  Ludo Peeters (BEL)
2 4 July Basel (Switzerland) to Nancy 250 km (160 mi) Plain stage  Phil Anderson (AUS)
3 5 July Nancy to Longwy 134 km (83 mi) Plain stage  Daniel Willems (BEL)
4 6 July Beauraing (Belgium) to Mouscron (Belgium) 219 km (136 mi) Plain stage  Gerrie Knetemann (NED)
5 7 July Orchies to Fontaine-au-Pire 73 km (45 mi) Team time trial Cancelled and replaced by stage 9a
6 8 July Lille 233 km (145 mi) Plain stage  Jan Raas (NED)
9 July Lille Rest day
7 10 July Cancale to Concarneau 235 km (146 mi) Plain stage  Pol Verschuere (BEL)
8 11 July Concarneau to Châteaulin 201 km (125 mi) Plain stage  Frank Hoste (BEL)
9a 12 July Lorient to Plumelec 69 km (43 mi) Team time trial  Renault–Elf–Gitane
9b Plumelec to Nantes 138 km (86 mi) Plain stage  Stefan Mutter (SUI)
10 13 July Saintes to Bordeaux 147 km (91 mi) Plain stage  Pierre-Raymond Villemiane (FRA)
11 14 July Valence d'Agen 57 km (35 mi) Individual time trial  Gerrie Knetemann (NED)
12 15 July Fleurance to Pau 249 km (155 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Sean Kelly (IRE)
13 16 July Pau to Saint-Lary-Soulan Pla d'Adet 122 km (76 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Beat Breu (SUI)
13 July Martigues Rest day
14 18 July Martigues 33 km (21 mi) Individual time trial  Bernard Hinault (FRA)
15 19 July Manosque to Orcières-Merlette 208 km (129 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Pascal Simon (FRA)
16 20 July Orcières-Merlette to Alpe d'Huez 123 km (76 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Beat Breu (SUI)
17 21 July Le Bourg-d'Oisans to Morzine 251 km (156 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Peter Winnen (NED)
18 22 July Morzine to Saint-Priest 233 km (145 mi) Plain stage  Adrie van Houwelingen (NED)
19 23 July Saint-Priest 48 km (30 mi) Individual time trial  Bernard Hinault (FRA)
20 24 July Sens to Aulnay-sous-Bois 161 km (100 mi) Plain stage  Daniel Willems (BEL)
21 25 July Fontenay-sous-Bois to Paris (Champs-Élysées) 187 km (116 mi) Plain stage  Bernard Hinault (FRA)
Total 3,507 km (2,179 mi)[7]

Race overview

Bernard Hinault (pictured in 1982), winner of the general classification

After Bernard Hinault, the winner of the previous Tour and main favourite, won the prologue, seven seconds ahead of Gerrie Knetemann,[8] Belgian Ludo Peeters took the lead in the first stage, by finishing 38 seconds ahead of the peloton.[9] On the second stage however, Phil Anderson took the lead. Anderson had worn the yellow jersey in the previous year also, the first time in history that the yellow jersey was in non-European hands, but this year he would keep it longer. In the fifth stage, a team time trial was scheduled. Employees of the Usinor steel factory in Denain were blocking the road, and the race had to be canceled, while some teams were already racing. The tour organisers quickly decided to replace it by an extra stage, in the morning before stage nine.[4]

In the eighth stage, Régis Clère had escaped, and created a margin of almost thirteen minutes. The stage ended on a circuit of 6 km, where 15 laps were planned. Clère was unable to lap the rest of the field because of a flat tire, and was caught by the rest.[4] Phil Anderson remained the leader until the individual time trial in stage eleven. Then, as expected, Bernard Hinault took the lead, even though Gerrie Knetemann beat him in the time trial.[4]

Then the race got to the Pyrenées. Hinault kept his rivals in sight, and allowed other cyclists to escape. Then, in stage 14, Hinault won the time trial, and had created a margin of more than five minutes. In the alps, Hinault used the same tactics, and lost no time to his rivals. In stage sixteen, protesting farmers delayed the start of the race, but this time the race could continue, after the farmers allowed the riders to start.[1] Then, in the time trial in stage 19, Hinault won again.

Hinault was accused of riding a boring race. He responded by winning the final stage in Paris.[10]

Classification leadership

There were several classifications in the 1982 Tour de France, four of them awarding jerseys to their leaders. The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.[11]

Additionally, there was a points classification, where cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.[11]

There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorized some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorized climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a polkadot jersey.[11]

Another classification was the young rider classification. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only cyclists under 24 were eligible, and the leader wore a white jersey.[12]

The fifth individual classification was the intermediate sprints classification. This classification had similar rules as the points classification, but only points were awarded on intermediate sprints. In 1982, this classification had no associated jersey.[13]

For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time. The riders in the team that lead this classification wore yellow caps.[14]

In the 1981 Tour de France, Urs Freuler, Eddy Planckaert and Walter Planckaert had left the race before the Alps. The Tour organisers did not want this to happen again, so in 1982, cyclists were not allowed to leave the Tour without a good reason. A cyclist that left the Tour unauthorized would lose all the prize money that he won so far, receive a fine, and would not be allowed to join the next year.[2]

Final standings

Legend
A yellow jersey. Denotes the winner of the general classification A green jersey. Denotes the winner of the points classification
A white jersey with red polka dots. Denotes the winner of the mountains classification A white jersey. Denotes the winner of the young rider classification

General classification

Final general classification (1–10)[3]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Bernard Hinault (FRA) A yellow jersey. Renault–Elf–Gitane 92h 08' 46"
2  Joop Zoetemelk (NED) Coop–Mercier–Mavic + 6' 21"
3  Johan van der Velde (NED) TI Raleigh–Campagnolo–Merckx + 8' 59"
4  Peter Winnen (NED) Capri Sonne–Campagnolo–Merckx + 9' 24"
5  Phil Anderson (AUS) A white jersey. Peugeot–Shell–Michelin + 12' 16"
6  Beat Breu (SUI) Cilo–Aufina + 13' 21"
7  Daniel Willems (BEL) Sunair–Colnago–Campagnolo + 15' 33"
8  Raymond Martin (FRA) Coop–Mercier–Mavic + 15' 35"
9  Hennie Kuiper (NED) DAF Trucks–Tévé Blad–Rossin + 17' 01"
10  Alberto Fernández (ESP) Teka + 17' 19"

Points classification

Final points classification (1–9)[3][15]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Sean Kelly (IRE) A green jersey. Sem–France Loire–Campagnolo 429
2  Bernard Hinault (FRA) A yellow jersey. Renault–Elf–Gitane 152
3  Phil Anderson (AUS) A white jersey. Peugeot–Shell–Michelin 149
4  Daniel Willems (BEL) Sunair–Colnago–Campagnolo 143
5  Stefan Mutter (SUI) Puch–Eurotex–Campagnolo 127
6  Pierre-Raymond Villemiane (FRA) Wolber–Spidel 123
7  Adrie van Houwelingen (NED) Vermeer–Thijs–Gios 103
8  Johan van der Velde (NED) TI Raleigh–Campagnolo–Merckx 97
9  Leo van Vliet (NED) TI Raleigh–Campagnolo–Merckx 80

Mountains classification

Final mountains classification (1–6)[3][15]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Bernard Vallet (FRA) A white jersey with red polka dots. La Redoute–Motobecane 278
2  Jean-René Bernaudeau (FRA) Peugeot–Shell–Michelin 237
3  Beat Breu (SUI) Cilo–Aufina 205
4  Bernard Hinault (FRA) A yellow jersey. Renault–Elf–Gitane 141
5  Peter Winnen (NED) Capri Sonne–Campagnolo–Merckx 113
6  Pascal Simon (FRA) Peugeot–Shell–Michelin 112

Young rider classification

Final young rider classification (1–4)[15]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Phil Anderson (AUS) A white jersey. Peugeot–Shell–Michelin 92h +12' 02"
2  Kim Andersen (DEN) Coop–Mercier–Mavic + 19' 41"
3  Marc Madiot (FRA) Renault–Elf–Gitane + 37' 12"
4  Gerard Veldscholten (NED) TI Raleigh–Campagnolo–Merckx + 39' 14"

Intermediate sprints classification

Final intermediate sprints classification (1–3)[16]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Sean Kelly (IRE) A green jersey. Sem–France Loire–Campagnolo 187
2  Phil Anderson (AUS) A white jersey. Peugeot–Shell–Michelin 87
3  Daniel Willems (BEL) Sunair–Colnago–Campagnolo 80

Team classification

Final team classification (1–6)
Rank Team Time
1Coop–Mercier–Mavic 377h 25' 33"
2Renault–Elf–Gitane + 14' 01"
3Peugeot–Shell–Michelin + 26' 46"
4TI Raleigh–Campagnolo–Merckx + 55' 33"
5La Redoute–Motobecane + 1h 15' 21"
6Capri Sonne–Campagnolo–Merckx + 1h 43' 41"

Aftermath

Hinault's victory in 1982 is considered as the most effortless Tour victory in his career.[3][4]

During the 1982 Tour de France, the Tour organisation was impressed by the global audience that the 1982 FIFA World Cup reached, and they made plans to develop the Tour into a World Cup format, run every four years, where teams from all over the earth would compete against each other. The main part of the race would be in France, but more other countries would be visited; it was discussed to start the Tour in New York.

The 1983 Tour de France was still run in the familiar format in France, but it was open to amateur teams, although only one Colombian accepted the invitation.[17]

References

  1. 1 2 Boyce, Barry (2010). "Hinault joins an elite group". Cycling Revealed. Retrieved 8 October 2011.
  2. 1 2 3 "Record aantal deelnemers in Tour de France". Nieuwsblad van het Noorden (in Dutch). De Krant van Toen. 13 January 1982. p. 35. Retrieved 7 October 2011.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "69ème Tour de France 1982" (in French). Mémoire du cyclisme. Archived from the original on 13 August 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 McGann, Bill; McGann, Carol (2008). The Story of the Tour de France: 1965-2007. Dog Ear Publishing. pp. 133–138. ISBN 1-59858-608-4. Retrieved 7 October 2011.
  5. 1 2 Historical guide 2016, p. 73.
  6. ↑ Zwegers, Arian. "Tour de France GC Top Ten". CVCCBike.com. Archived from the original on 10 June 2009. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
  7. ↑ Historical guide 2016, p. 110.
  8. ↑ "Tour de France 1982 prologue". cyclingwebsite.net. Retrieved 2008-10-24.
  9. ↑ "Tour de France 1982 1st stage". cyclingwebsite.net. Retrieved 2008-10-24.
  10. ↑ "De saaie Tour van 1982" (in Dutch). sportgeschiedenis.nl. 2 July 2007. Archived from the original on 30 October 2008. Retrieved 2008-10-24.
  11. 1 2 3 Christian, Sarah (2 July 2009). "Tour de France demystified - Evaluating success". RoadCycling.co.nz Ltd. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
  12. ↑ "TDF guides: White jersey". TeamSky.com. BSkyB. 22 June 2011.
  13. ↑ Mark, Eddy van der. "Tour Xtra: Intermediate Sprints Classification". Chippewa Valley Cycling Club. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
  14. ↑ Chauner, David; Halstead, Michael (1990). The Tour de France Complete Book of Cycling. Villard. ISBN 0-679-72936-4. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
  15. 1 2 3 "Tour in cijfers". Leidsch dagblad (in Dutch). Regionaal archief Leiden. 26 July 1982. p. 10. Retrieved 15 February 2012.
  16. ↑ "Tour de France 1982". Cycling Archives. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
  17. ↑ Dauncey, Hugh; Hare, Geoff (2003). The Tour de France, 1903-2003: a century of sporting structures, meanings, and values. Routledge. p. 220. ISBN 0-7146-5362-4. Retrieved 7 October 2011.

Sources

External links

Media related to 1982 Tour de France at Wikimedia Commons

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