Henderson Hall (Arlington, Virginia)

For other uses, see Henderson Hall.
Henderson Hall
Arlington, Virginia
Coordinates 38°52′08″N 77°04′22″W / 38.868812°N 77.072648°W / 38.868812; -77.072648 (Henderson Hall)Coordinates: 38°52′08″N 77°04′22″W / 38.868812°N 77.072648°W / 38.868812; -77.072648 (Henderson Hall)
Type Military base
Site history
Built Purchased in 1942
In use World War II – present
Garrison information
Past
commanders		 Colonel Anthony S. Barnes
(July 2013 – present)
Garrison Headquarters Battalion, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps

Henderson Hall is a military installation of the United States Marine Corps (USMC) located in Arlington County, Virginia, near the Pentagon, on the southern edge of the Arlington National Cemetery and next to Fort Myer. Currently, it is part of Joint Base Myer–Henderson Hall. Henderson Hall is named for Brevet Brigadier General Archibald Henderson, the fifth and longest-serving Commandant of the Marine Corps.

History of Henderson Hall

Most of the land occupied by Henderson Hall was originally owned by the Syphax family.[1][2] Maria Custis Syphax, the matriarch of the family, was the mulatto daughter of George Washington Parke Custis, grandson of Martha Washington and founder of the Arlington Estate on the banks of the Potomac River (later the home of Robert E. Lee).[3] The Spyhax family sold the land to John Dormoyle in 1901, who then sold it to Frederick Rice in 1924.[2]

Much of the rest of the land beneath Henderson Hall was part of the Arlington Estate as well. In 1941, the federal government built a temporary warehouse on this land, calling Federal Office Building No. 2. It quickly was converted into office space for use by the U.S. Navy, and informally renamed the Navy Annex.[4]

The USMC headquarters moved to the Navy Annex in November 1941. A Headquarters and Service Company was organized on March 1, 1942, and a Women Marine Company (part of the United States Marine Corps Women's Reserve) organized as part of the Headquarters unit on April 1, 1943. To house both companies, the Marine Corps began acquiring, through purchase, easement, eminent domain, and other means, property to the west and northwest of the Navy Annex Building. This included most of the Syphax land, except for that already purchased by Abbey Mausoleum. Henderson Hall was built on this property in September 1943 to house both companies. All told, 23 acres (93,000 m2) were acquired, and athletic fields, a bowling alley, chapel, firing range, gas station, gym, hobby shop, officers' and enlisted men's clubs, post exchange, post office, radio station, supply depot, and swimming pool were all built on the site.[5]

The Women's Reserve was released from active duty in August 1946, and the women's barracks at Henderson Hall renovated into billeting space for male Marines.[5]

Land acquisition ended in 1952, and on February 1, 1954, the Commonwealth of Virginia executed a document ceding political jurisdiction over the land to the U.S. federal government.[5]

About Henderson Hall today

Covering 25.6 acres (104,000 m2) of land,[6] Henderson Hall is home to the USMC headquarters company unit and associated educational facilities. Since 2005, Henderson Hall is jointly managed by the Marine Corps and Fort Myer as a Myer–Henderson Hall.

Little at Henderson Hall is historic. All 19th and early 20th century buildings were demolished during its construction, and grading and construction at the site have destroyed whatever archeological artifacts might have existed. Nearly all the buildings on the campus today are from the late 20th century.[6]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Scannell, Nancy. "In the Market for a Mausoleum?" Washington Post. August 2, 1984.
  2. 1 2 Stark, George. "The History of the Abbey Mausoleum." Henderson Hall News. January 19, 2001. Accessed 2013-11-06.
  3. ↑ Abbott, Dorothea E. "The Land of Maria Syphax and the Abbey Mausoleum." Arlington Historical Magazine. October 1984, p. 64–79.
  4. ↑ Frantom, Todd. "Navy Annex Cornerstone Removal Begins Historical Building Demolition." Navy News Service. January 20, 2012. Accessed 2013-11-08.
  5. 1 2 3 2013 Guide to MCSS Henderson Hall. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Marine Corps, 2013, p. 5. Accessed 2013-11-07.
  6. 1 2 Environmental Assessment for the Integrated Cultural Resources Management Plan for Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall. Directorate of Environmental Management. Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall. March 2011, p. 8-9. Accessed 2013-11-08.
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