French legislative election, 1962

French legislative election, 1962

18 November and 25 November 1962

All 491 seats to the French National Assembly 246 seats were needed for a majority   Majority party Minority party Third party   Leader Georges Pompidou Guy Mollet Maurice Faure Party UNR SFIO Radical Leader's seat Cantal-2nd Pas-de-Calais-1st Lot Last election 233 seats 47 seats 37 seats Seats won 206 65 44 Seat change 27 18 7 Popular vote 5,855,744 (1st round) 6,169,890 (2nd round) 2,298,729 (1st round) 2,264,011 (2nd round) 1,429,649 (1st round) 1,172,711 (2nd round) Percentage 31.94% (1st round) 40.36% (2nd round) 12.54% (1st round) 14.83% (2nd round) 7.79% (1st round) 7.68% (2nd round)   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Leader Maurice Thorez André Colin Camille Laurens Party PCF MRP CNIP Leader's seat Seine Finistère (Senator) Last election 10 seats 57 seats 132 seats Seats won 41 36 28 Seat change 31 21 104 Popular vote 4,003,553 (1st round) 3,195,763 (2nd round) 1,665,695 (1st round) 821,635 (2nd round) 1,404,177 (1st round) - (2nd round) Percentage 21.84% (1st round) 20.94% (2nd round) 9.08% (1st round) 5.45% (2nd round) 7.66% (1st round) - (2nd round)   Seventh party   Leader Valéry Giscard d'Estaing Party Independent Republicans Leader's seat Puy-de-Dôme Last election N/A (split from CNIP) Seats won 27 Seat change N/A Popular vote 1,089,348 (1st round) 1,444,666 (2nd round) Percentage 5.94% (1st round) 9.46% (2nd round)

PM before election Georges Pompidou UNR Elected PM Georges Pompidou UNR

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French legislative elections took place on 18 November and 25 November 1962 to elect the second National Assembly of the Fifth Republic.

Since 1959 and the change of Algerian policy (Charles de Gaulle decided in favour of the "self-government" and "Algerian Algeria"), France had faced bomb attacks by the Secret Armed Organization (Organisation armée secrète or OAS) which opposed the independence of Algeria, negotiated by the FLN with the March 1962 Evian agreements and approved by referendum by the French people. This policy was disapproved by some members of the "Presidential Majority".

Simultaneously, when Georges Pompidou replaced Michel Debré as Prime minister, the center-right parties (MRP and CNIP) left the majority due to de Gaulle's eurosceptic declaration. Like the Left, they denounced the presidentialization of the regime.

On 22 August de Gaulle escaped from an assassination attempt by the OAS in Le Petit-Clamart. He subsequently announced a controversial referendum in which he proposed the election of the president of the French Republic under universal suffrage. The presidential majority composed of the UNR and the Independent Republicans (RI) (which came from a CNIP split) campaigned for a "yes", while all the other parties formed a "coalition of no" and brought down Pompidou's cabinet by a vote of no confidence (motion de censure).^[1]

However, de Gaulle finally won the referendum and dissolved the National Assembly. During the legislative campaign, all the parties, except the UNR and the RI, criticized the "personal power" which they believed distorted France's Republican institutions. Indeed, in the French political culture and in their mind, Republicanism was inseparable from parliamentary democracy and the reinforcement of the presidential powers was associated with Bonapartism. Contrary to the previous legislative election, the left-wing parties finalized an electoral agreement. The subsequent legislative elections saw advances for the left-wing opposition. However, conservative voters sanctioned the center-right parties, preferring to vote for the Gaullist party. Pompidou became Prime Minister again.

Results

3rd National Assembly by Parliamentary Group

References

1. ↑ Proceedings of the National Assembly, 4 October 1962, second sitting; vote tally on p. 3268. p. 38 in the PDF file

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See also: Indirect presidential and Senate elections Elections in French Guiana French Polynesia Guadeloupe Martinique Mayotte New Caledonia Saint Barthélemy Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Wallis and Futuna