FS Class 600

SFM Class 380
RA Class 380
FS Class 600

RA 3815 locomotive, later FS locomotive 600.003

Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Builder	Gio. Ansaldo & C. (50), Berliner Maschinenbau (29), Officine Meccaniche (58), Wiener Neustädter Lokomotivfabrik (36), Henschel & Son (36), Maschinenfabrik Esslingen (9), Elsässische Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Grafenstaden (9), MÁVAG (9), Sächsische Maschinenfabrik (12)
Build date	1904–1910
Total produced	248

Specifications
Configuration	2-6-0
UIC class	1′C n2v
Gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ¹⁄₂ in)
Leading dia.	840 mm (33.07 in)
Driver dia.	1,510 mm (59.45 in)
Length	9,607 mm (31 ft 6.2 in)
Axle load	14.4 tonnes (14.2 long tons; 15.9 short tons)
Loco weight	54 tonnes (53 long tons; 60 short tons)
Tender weight	31.9 tonnes (31.4 long tons; 35.2 short tons)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel capacity	6,000 kg (13,000 lb)
Water cap	12,000 l (2,600 imp gal; 3,200 US gal)
Firebox: • Firegrate area	2.3 m² (25 sq ft)
Boiler pressure	14 kg/cm² (1.37 MPa; 199 psi)
Heating surface	153.29 m² (1,650.0 sq ft)
Cylinders	Two, inside
High-pressure cylinder	Series 1: 430 mm × 700 mm (16.93 in × 27.56 in) Series 2: 410 mm × 700 mm (16.14 in × 27.56 in)
Low-pressure cylinder	Series 1: 610 mm × 700 mm (24.02 in × 27.56 in) Series 2: 650 mm × 700 mm (25.59 in × 27.56 in)
Valve gear	Walschaerts
Valve type	Piston valves, outside

Performance figures
Maximum speed	80 km/h (50 mph)
Power output	660–730 CV (485–537 kW; 651–720 hp)
Tractive effort	6,870 kgf (67.4 kN; 15,100 lbf)

The Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane (FS; Italian State Railways) Class 600 (Italian: Gruppo 600), formerly Rete Adriatica Class 380 and Società per le Strade Ferrate Meridionali Class 380, is a 2-6-0 'Mogul' steam locomotive; it is considered by some as the first Italian modern steam locomotive.^[1]

Design and construction

Designed in Florence for the Rete Adriatica by engineers such as Enrico Plancher and Giuseppe Zara, the Class 600 was meant to pull both passenger and freight trains on the steep and curvy Italian lines at a reasonable speed. It introduced several novelties in Italian locomotive practice, the most notable of which is undoubtedly the Italian bogie: a derivation of the German Krauss-Helmhotlz bogie, it was meant to ensure good performance in curves without requiring a four-wheel bogie; it proved very successful, and it would become a staple of Italian steam locomotives.^[2]^[3]

Another notable feature was the application of the Walschaerts valve gear on a locomotive with internal cylinders but outside piston valves, coupled with a compound engine. The arrangement would return on other locomotive classes such as the Class 630 and the Class 745.^[1]^[3]

The first 50 locomotives were built with a boiler that allowed for a power output of 660 hp (490 kW); the remaining locomotives were built with bigger boilers (also refitted to some of the earlier locomotives over the years) that gave them a higher value of 730 hp (540 kW).^[4]

Some of the first locomotives were numbered under the RA and the SFM (Strade Ferrate Meridionali) ownership, until they were absorbed by the Ferrovie dello Stato respectively in 1905 and 1906; two more, built for the Valsugana valley railway, were taken over by the FS in 1912. In all, 248 locomotives were built between 1904 and 1908. All were fitted with a standard six-wheeled tender.^[5]^[6]

Service and conversions

The Class 600 proved very successful in service, and paved the way for their simple-expansion and superheated derivatives of the Class 625.^[1]^[7]

In 1927, the 600.168 was rebuilt with a superheated 625 boiler, and was reclassified as 601.168. However, the experiment was not followed on, and it was preferred, starting from 1929, to outright convert the locomotives to Class 625 status. In all, 153 locomotives were converted to 625.3XX until 1933.^[1]^[6]

The remaining unrebuilt Class 600 locomotives were gradually withdrawn before 1940.^[6]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to RA 380.

1 2 3 4 Cornolò 2014, p. 238.
↑ Cornolò 2014, p. 235.
1 2 Kalla-Bishop 1986, p. 44.
↑ Cornolò 2014, pp. 237–238.
↑ Cornolò 2014, pp. 236–237.
1 2 3 Kalla-Bishop 1986, p. 46.
↑ Kalla-Bishop 1986, p. 45.

Cornolò, Giovanni (May 2014). "Locomotive a vapore". TuttoTreno (2).
Kalla-Bishop, P. M. (1986). Italian state railways steam locomotives : together with low-voltage direct current and three-phase motive power. Abingdon: Tourret Publishing. ISBN 0905878035.

Classes of Ferrovie dello Stato locomotives

Steam

Tender locomotives	100 102 103 110^I 110^II 111 112 113 114 116 117 118 119^I 119^II 120 121 122 136 139 140 150 155 158 160 161 162 163 164 170 180 181^I 181^II 182^I 182^II 183 185 186 187 190 193 194 195 196 197 198 200 201 206 207 208 209 211 212 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 255 260 261 262 265 268 269 270 271 272 290 291 292 293 310 320 380 385 388 390 391 394 395 396 397 400 410 420 421 422 423 424 425 450 451 452 453 454 455 460 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 482 499^I 499^II 500 510 512 513 530 540^I 540^II 542 543 545 550 552 553 554 555 556 560 600 601 603 604 605 606 607 623 625 626 630 640^I 640^II 645 650 652 653 656 660 666 670 671 672 675 676 677 680 681 682 683^I 683^II 685 686 687 688 690^I 690^II 691 720 728 729 730 731 735 736 737 740 741^I 741^II 743^I 743^II 744 745 746 747^I 747^II 750

Tank locomotives	800^I 800^II 801 802^I 802^II 803^I 803^II 804 805 806 809 810^I 810^II 811 812 813 814 815^I 815^II 815^III 816 817 818 819 820^I 820^II 821^I 821^II 822 823 824 825 826^I 826^II 827 828^I 828^II 828^III 829 830^I 830^II 831 835 842 848 849 850^I 850^II 851 870 871 874^I 874^II 875 876 877 880^I 880^II 881 882 885 893 894 895 896^I 896^II 897 898 899^I 899^II 900 902 904 905 906 910 912 915 940 950 980 981 999

Narrow gauge locomotives	R.201 R.202 R.300 R.301 R.302 R.305 R.306 R.310 R.370 R.401 R.402 R.410 R.440 R.441 R.442 R.443 R.600 P U

Electric

Rechargeable battery	E.421

650 V DC Third rail	E.220 E.320 E.321 E.420 E.620

3,6 kV AC Three-Phase	E.330 E.331 E.332 E.333 E.360 E.380 E.390 E.430 E.431 E.432 E.550 E.551 E.552 E.554

10,6 kV AC Three-Phase	E.470 E.471 E.472 E.570

3 kV DC	E.321 E.322 E.323 E.324 E.326 E.400 E.402A E.402B E.403 E.404 E.405 E.412 E.414 E.424 E.428 E.434 E.444 E.444R E.447 E.453 E.454 E.464 E.621 E.625 E.626 E.632 E.633 E.636 E.645 E.646 E.652 E.655 E.656

25 kV AC	E.491 E.492

Diesel

Light shunters	206 207 208^I 208^II 209 210 211 R.212 213^I 213^II 214 215 216 218^I

Shunters	218^II 225 234 235 236 245 250 255

Heavy shunters	Ne 120 D.141 RD.142 D.143 D.145 D.146 D.147 356 372 Ne 700

Train locomotives	D.341 D.342 D.343 D.345 D.442 D.443 D.445 D.449 D.461

see also Category:Rolling stock of Italy

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