Craigmont, Idaho

Craigmont, Idaho
City

Location in Lewis County and the state of Idaho
Coordinates: 46°14′32″N 116°28′14″W / 46.24222°N 116.47056°W / 46.24222; -116.47056Coordinates: 46°14′32″N 116°28′14″W / 46.24222°N 116.47056°W / 46.24222; -116.47056
Country United States
State Idaho
County Lewis
Area[1]
 • Total 0.76 sq mi (2.0 km2)
 • Land 0.76 sq mi (2.0 km2)
 • Water 0 sq mi (0 km2)
Elevation 3,740 ft (1,140 m)
Population (2010)[2]
 • Total 501
 • Estimate (2012[3]) 511
 • Density 659.2/sq mi (254.5/km2)
Time zone Pacific (PST) (UTC-8)
 • Summer (DST) PDT (UTC-7)
ZIP code 83523
Area code(s) 208
FIPS code 16-19270
GNIS feature ID 0399839

Craigmont is a city in the northwest United States in Lewis County, Idaho. Located on the Camas Prairie in north central Idaho, it is within the Nez Perce Indian Reservation.[4] The population was 501 at the 2010 census, down from 556 in 2000.

History

The city is named for Colonel William Craig (1809–69),[5] a mountain man who had a Nez Perce wife. He settled at Lapwai near his father-in-law Hin-mah-tute-ke-kaikt or James in 1840 when he gave up being a fur trapper due to the collapse of the market for beaver.[6][7][8][9]

The Nez Perce Reservation was opened to white settlement 121 years ago in 1895,[10][11][12][13] and a town named "Chicago," a mile west of the current Craigmont, was founded in 1898. In response to not getting their mail from the post office, it was renamed "Ilo" four years later, after Ilo Leggett, daughter of town founder and merchant W.O. Leggett. A fire burnt the town in 1904 and shortly thereafter the Camas Prairie Railroad bypassed the town and started a settlement, platted by Lewiston financier John P. Vollmer, on the northeast side of the railroad tracks, and he named it "Vollmer." Ilo responded and moved its community to the southwest side of the tracks, adjacent to Vollmer. After a decade-long feud and the consolidation of the school districts, the communities merged in 1920 to become Craigmont.[5][14][15]

Geography

Craigmont is located at 46°14′32″N 116°28′14″W / 46.24222°N 116.47056°W / 46.24222; -116.47056 (46.2422, -116.4705),[16] on the Camas Prairie. Located within the Nez Perce Indian Reservation,[4] its elevation is 3,740 feet (1,140 m) above sea level.[17]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.76 square miles (1.97 km2), all of it land.[1]

Climate

The climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year round. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Craigmont has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.[18]

Climate data for Craigmont (1950-1996)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 55
(13)		 66
(19)		 69
(21)		 83
(28)		 89
(32)		 94
(34)		 97
(36)		 96
(36)		 95
(35)		 84
(29)		 69
(21)		 57
(14)		 97
(36)
Average high °F (°C) 35
(2)		 39
(4)		 47.1
(8.4)		 54
(12)		 61.6
(16.4)		 69.1
(20.6)		 77.3
(25.2)		 78.2
(25.7)		 69.3
(20.7)		 57
(14)		 40.5
(4.7)		 33.5
(0.8)		 55.1
(12.8)
Average low °F (°C) 20.9
(−6.2)		 21.4
(−5.9)		 27.7
(−2.4)		 32
(0)		 37.6
(3.1)		 43
(6)		 47
(8)		 46.3
(7.9)		 39.7
(4.3)		 32.9
(0.5)		 25.4
(−3.7)		 18.9
(−7.3)		 32.7
(0.4)
Record low °F (°C) −19
(−28)		 −27
(−33)		 −2
(−19)		 17
(−8)		 23
(−5)		 29
(−2)		 31
(−1)		 26
(−3)		 19
(−7)		 10
(−12)		 −13
(−25)		 −28
(−33)		 −28
(−33)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 1.61
(40.9)		 1.48
(37.6)		 2.18
(55.4)		 2.34
(59.4)		 2.8
(71)		 2.07
(52.6)		 1.55
(39.4)		 1
(30)		 1.26
(32)		 1.53
(38.9)		 2.29
(58.2)		 1.46
(37.1)		 21.58
(548.1)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 14.1
(35.8)		 10
(25)		 8.7
(22.1)		 3.6
(9.1)		 0.9
(2.3)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0.1
(0.3)		 1.2
(3)		 10.6
(26.9)		 11.9
(30.2)		 61
(155)
Average precipitation days 13 12 15 14 14 12 8 6 7 10 17 14 142
Source: WRCC[19]

Transportation

Railroad

Four miles (7 km) south of the city is Lawyers Creek Canyon, with large railroad trestles[20] of the Camas Prairie Railroad, whose second subdivision arrived on the Camas Prairie in 1908 and extended to Grangeville the following year. The largest is the massive century-old steel trestle, 1,488 feet (454 m) in length and its track 287 feet (87 m) above the creek.[21] After several ownership changes since 1998, the line from Spalding is now operated by BG&CM Railroad and terminates in Cottonwood. Passenger service on the Camas Prairie ended in 1955.[22] Lawyers Canyon is named after Chief Lawyer (1801–76) of the Nez Perce, nicknamed for his skill in dealing with the encroaching whites; he is buried in Kamiah.[23]

Highways

Northbound U.S. Route 95 was formerly routed westward through Craigmont as Main Street, then resumed westward toward Winchester. The highway was re-routed in 1991 and now bypasses Craigmont on its south side. Southbound, the new route between Craigmont and Ferdinand stays out of the canyon, crossing it on a 919-foot (280 m) bridge (photo) which opened in October 1991[24] and passes over the site of the previous 82-foot (25 m) bridge, built in 1948.[25][26] After the bridge, the southbound highway passes to the east of Ferdinand, a new routing completed in 1993.[27][28]

Eastbound from Craigmont, State Highway 62 connects to Nezperce, the county seat.

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1930496—
19405286.5%
195059412.5%
196070318.4%
1970554−21.2%
198061711.4%
1990542−12.2%
20005562.6%
2010501−9.9%
Est. 2015493[29]−1.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[30]

2010 census

As of the census[2] of 2010, there were 501 people, 230 households, and 149 families residing in the city. The population density was 659.2 inhabitants per square mile (254.5/km2). There were 261 housing units at an average density of 343.4 per square mile (132.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 95.2% White, 0.6% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 1.6% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.0% of the population.

There were 230 households of which 21.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.3% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.2% were non-families. 31.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.68.

The median age in the city was 49.4 years. 18.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 18.2% were from 25 to 44; 37.8% were from 45 to 64; and 19.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.

2000 census

As of the census[31] of 2000, there were 556 people, 225 households, and 157 families residing in the city. The population density was 743.8 people per square mile (286.2/km²). There were 248 housing units at an average density of 331.8 per square mile (127.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 97.12% White, 1.44% Native American, 0.36% Asian, 0.90% from other races, and 0.18% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.54% of the population.

There were 225 households out of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.9% were married couples living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.2% were non-families. 23.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the city the population was spread out with 26.6% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 15.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 109.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,806, and the median income for a family was $36,719. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,548. About 12.9% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.9% of those under age 18 and 11.5% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Craigmont is the home of Highland High School, with 20-25 students per class year. The Huskies compete in athletics at the IHSAA Class 1A level. The Highland Joint School District #305 was established in 1962 and includes Craigmont, Winchester, Melrose, and Reubens.[32][33] The current campus of the school was constructed in 1952.[15]

References

  1. 1 2 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 24, 2012. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  2. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  3. ↑ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 17, 2013. Retrieved 2013-06-03.
  4. 1 2 "The Nez Perce Reservation with a Map Insert of Idaho" (PDF). Nez Perce Tribe. Geographic Information Systems. Retrieved April 5, 2016.
  5. 1 2 Ruark, Janice (November 26, 1976). "Craigmont farm town serving fertile prairie". Spokane Daily Chronicle. Washington. p. 3.
  6. ↑ Alvin M. Joseph, The Nez Perce and the Opening of the Northwest (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1971)
  7. ↑ Holbrook, R.L. (September 3, 1946). "Area prepares ti observe Craig centennial". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. p. 9.
  8. ↑ Holbrook, Robert L. (October 28, 1946). "Col. William Craig, early settler of central Idaho". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. p. 8.
  9. ↑ "Craig settled 124 years ago". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. November 21, 1964. p. 9.
  10. ↑ Hamilton, Ladd (June 25, 1961). "Heads were popping up all over the place". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. p. 14.
  11. ↑ Brammer, Rhonda (July 24, 1977). "Unruly mobs dashed to grab land when reservation opened". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. p. 6E.
  12. ↑ "3,000 took part in "sneak" when Nez Perce Reservation was opened". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. November 19, 1931. p. 3.
  13. ↑ "Nez Perce Reservation". Spokesman-Review. Spokane, Washington. December 11, 1921. p. 5.
  14. ↑ Conley, Cort. Idaho for the Curious. Cambridge: Backeddy, 1982, 623-626. ISBN 0-9603566-3-0.
  15. 1 2 Currier, Della (October 6, 1955). "Craigmont evolved after bitter feuding". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. p. 11.
  16. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  17. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Craigmont, Idaho
  18. ↑ Climate Summary for Craigmont, Idaho
  19. ↑ "CRAIGMONT, ID (102246)". Western Regional Climate Center. Retrieved November 26, 2015.
  20. ↑ panoramio.com - photos of the Lawyers Creek Canyon trestles
  21. ↑ Campbell, Thomas J. (December 11, 1938). "Camas Prairie Railroad marks 30th anniversary". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. p. 12.
  22. ↑ "Camas Prairie Railroad 'Bugs' reach end of the line today". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. August 23, 1955. p. 12.
  23. ↑ Ruark, Janice (February 23, 1977). "Lawyer led Nez Perce in peace before war". Spokane Daily Chronicle. Washington. p. 3.
  24. ↑ "Lawyers Canyon Bridge set to open today". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. October 8, 1991. p. 8A.
  25. ↑ "Lawyers Canyon span contract is awarded". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. December 13, 1947. p. 14.
  26. ↑ "North & South Highway Clear". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. March 28, 1948. p. 9.
  27. ↑ "New section of U.S. 95 may be done by Sept. 1". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. March 24, 1993. p. 8A.
  28. ↑ "Around the Region: U.S. Highway 95 finds its way around Ferdinand". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. September 4, 1993. p. 5A.
  29. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  30. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Archived from the original on May 11, 2015. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  31. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on September 11, 2013. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  32. ↑ "Highland picked as name for new consolidated high school". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. October 16, 1962. p. 9.
  33. ↑ "Bus routes". Highland Joint School District. Retrieved October 30, 2012.
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