Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, 1984

Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, 1984
India
December 24, 1984
All 234 seats in the Legislature of Tamil Nadu
  First party Second party
 
Leader M. G. Ramachandran M. Karunanidhi
Party AIADMK DMK
Alliance INC+ Lok Dal (Janata Secular)
Leader's seat Andipatti did not contest
Seats won 195 34
Seat change Increase29 Decrease25
Popular vote 11,681,221 8,021,293
Percentage 53.87% 37.00%
Swing Increase4.95% Decrease7.43%

1984 election map (by constituencies)
Chief Minister before election

M. G. Ramachandran
AIADMK

 Chief Minister

M. G. Ramachandran
AIADMK

The eighth legislative assembly election for Tamil Nadu was held on December 24, 1984. Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (ADMK) won the election and its leader, incumbent M. G. Ramachandran (MGR) was sworn in as Chief Minister, for the third time. The election victory was mainly attributed to the sympathy wave created by Indira Gandhi's assassination and MGR's illness coupled with Rajiv Gandhi's popularity. This is the last election MGR contested as he died in office in 1987.

Background

Indira Gandhi was assassinated on 31 October 1984. During the same time, M. G. Ramachandran was diagnosed with kidney failure and admitted in a hospital in New York City. Rajiv Gandhi assumed office immediately and this required a fresh mandate from the people. Indian National Congress (Indira) and Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam formed an alliance and contested the election.[1][2]

Parties

National parties Bharatiya Janta Party, Communist Party of India, Communist Party of India (Marxist), Indian National Congress and Janata Party, state parties All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, Indian Conress (J), and registered unrecognised parties Ambedkar Kranti Dal, Gandhi Kamraj National and Tamil Nadu Congress (K) contested the election.

Seat allocation

The allocation of seats were done what was later dubbed, "The MGR formula". Where the regional party would contest 70% of the assembly seats and the national party would be given 70% of the Lok Sabha seats. This would be the last election MGR contested, due to his death during his chief ministership.

Campaigning

M. G. Ramachandran was confined to the hospital. Video coverage of MGR recuperating in hospital along with Indira Gandhi's assassination were stitched together by ADMK man in charge of campaigning R. M. Veerappan. The video was distributed and played across all over Tamil Nadu. Rajiv Gandhi visited cyclone-hit areas in Tamil Nadu which also boosted the alliance. The sympathy wave created by Indira's assassination, MGR's illness and Rajiv Gandhi's charisma helped the alliance sweep the election.[1][2] DMK leader M. Karunanidhi did not contest this election, due to the fact that the ADMK leader M.G.R was admitted to a hospital in the U.S. and Indira Gandhi being assassinated.[3]

Seat allotments

AIADMK Front

No.
 Party Election Symbol Leader Seats
1. All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam M.G. Ramachandran 155
2. Indian National Congress M.Palaniyandi 73
3. Gandhi Kamaraj Congress Party 4

DMK Front

No.
 Party Election Symbol Leader Seats
1. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam M.Karunanidhi 176
2. Communist Party of India P.Manickam 17
3. Communist Party of India (Marxist) Nallasivam 16
4. Janata Party 16

Voting and Results

Results by Pre-Poll Alliance

Election map of results based on parties. Colours are based on the results table on the left
 Summary of the 1984 December Tamil Nadu legislative Assembly election resultsL
Sources: Election Commission of India [4]
Alliance/Party Seats won Change Popular Vote Vote % Adj. %‡
AIADMK+ alliance 195 +29 11,681,221 53.9%
AIADMK 132 +3 8,030,809 37.0% 54.3%
INC 61 +30 3,529,708 16.3% 54.5%
GKC 2 -4 120,704 0.6% 40.4%
DMK+ alliance 34 -25 8,021,293 37.0%
DMK 24 -13 6,362,770 29.3% 40.8%
CPI(M) 5 -6 597,622 2.8% 39.6%
JNP 3 +1 493,374 2.3% 36.4%
CPI 2 -7 567,527 2.6% 35.5%
Others 5 -4 1,983,959 9.1%
IND 4 -4 1,619,921 7.5% 7.9%
AKD 1 – 47,212 0.7% 57.2%
TNC 0 – 152,315 0.7% 34.9%
ICJ 0 – 110,121 0.5% 3.2%
BJP 0 – 54,390 0.3% 3.7%
Total 234 – 21,686,473 100% –

‡: Vote % reflects the percentage of votes the party received compared to the entire electorate that voted in this election. Adjusted (Adj.) Vote %, reflects the % of votes the party received per constituency that they contested.

Constituency wise results

See also

Footnotes

  1. 1 2 G. Palanithurai (June 1991). Role Perception of the Legislators: A Case Study of Tamil Nadu. Stosius Inc/Advent Books Division. p. 27. ISBN 81-220-0227-7.
  2. 1 2 K. Mohandas (1992). MGR, the man and the myth. Panther Publishers. pp. 105–106. ISBN 978-81-85457-09-3.
  3. ↑ TN Elections 2011: DMK releases candidates list for 119 seats-Karunanidhi from Tiruvarur, Stalin fielded in Kolathur
  4. ↑ ECI: 1984 Election Statistical Report
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