Smilax pseudochina
| Smilax pseudochina | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 1913 illustration[1] | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Monocots |
| Order: | Liliales |
| Family: | Smilacaceae |
| Genus: | Smilax |
| Species: | S. pseudochina |
| Binomial name | |
| Smilax pseudochina L. not Lour. 1790 nor M.Martens & Galeotti ex A.DC. 1878 nor Blanco 1837 nor Herb.Madr. ex Wall. 1831 nor Roxb. 1832 nor Sieber ex A.DC. 1878 nor Bert. ex Kunth 1850[2] | |
 | |
| Range within North America | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
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Synonymy
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Smilax pseudochina is a perennial herb in the greenbriar family. It is commonly called bamboo vine or false chinaroot.[4] Its range extends up the Atlantic Coast of the United States, from Long Island in New York State south to Georgia.[3][5]
Description
Smilax pseudochina is an climbing herbaceous vine which grows up to 2 meters (7 feet) tall, the thornless stems only live one year but will regrow the next. The stems have numerous tendrils which twist around objects and help the plant climb. The leaves are glabrous and triangular to oval (ovate) shaped and may almost be hastate at the base and range from 5-12 cm long to 2-5 cm wide. The leaf edges are often straight or almost concave, this helps distinguish it from other Smilax spp. which typically have convex edges on the leaves. The stem is sometimes unbranched but may have a few branches. The flowers are dioecious and greenish with 6 tepals. The flowers open in June and the berries mature in September. The berries are round, blue or black with a waxy coat and borne on long umbels axially from the upper leaves; these umbels contain from 10-35 flowers or fruits.[6][7]
False chinaroot grows in dry to moist habitats, ranging from bogs, marshes, wet woods to dry woods, and dry to damp sandy thickets[6]
Endangered status
False chinaroot is listed as extirpated in Pennsylvania, endangered in New York, and threatened in Maryland.[4]
References
- ↑ Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. 3 vols. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. Vol. 1: 529.
- ↑ The International Plant Names Index
- 1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- 1 2 "Smilax pseudochina". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
- ↑ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
- 1 2 Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 475 Smilax pseudochina Linnaeus
- ↑ Rhoads, Ann; Block, Timothy. The Plants of Pennsylvania (2 ed.). Philadelphia Pa: University of Pennsylvania press. ISBN 978-0-8122-4003-0.
