Scolymus
| oyster thistle golden thistle | |
|---|---|
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| Scolymus hispanicus | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Tribe: | Cichorieae[1] |
| Genus: | Scolymus L. |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Scolymus (golden thistle or oyster thistle) is a genus of plants in the dandelion tribe within the daisy family, native to the Mediterranean region and western Europe north to northwestern France.[2][3]
Like other related plants also called thistles, they are annual or perennial herbaceous plants with spiny leaves and stems, However, Scolymus is not a true thistle, but rather it is a member of the chicory/dandelion tribe. They grow to 20–90 cm tall, with bright yellow flowerheads.[4][5]
- Scolymus giganteus
- Scolymus grandiflorus – Large-flowered golden thistle - Spain, Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, France, Italy, Turkey, Lebanon, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Canary Islands
- Scolymus hispanicus – Common golden thistle or Spanish oyster thistle - from Britain to Morocco + Iran + Ukraine; naturalized in Australia, United States, Argentina, Chile
- Scolymus maculatus – Spotted golden thistle - from Britain to Canary Islands + Iran; naturalized in Australia + North Carolina
Phylogeny
According to recent genetic analyses, the genus Scolymus is related to the genera Hymenonema, Catananche and Gundelia. This results in the following relationship tree.[7]
| subtribe Scolyminae |
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References
- 1 2 3 Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist
- ↑ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 2: 813-814 in Latin
- ↑ Tropicos, Scolymus L.
- ↑ Flora Europaea: Scolymus
- ↑ Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Scolymus includes photos and range maps
- ↑ The Plant List search for Scolymus
- ↑ Liveri, Eleni; Tomasello, Salvatore; Oberprieler, Christoph; Kamari, Georgia (June 2016), Cytological and phylogenetic study of the Greek endemic genus Hymenonema Cass. (Cichorieae, Compositae), retrieved 2016-11-09
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