Salina Cruz
| Salina Cruz | ||
|---|---|---|
| Municipality and town | ||
 | ||
| ||
 Location of the municipality in Oaxaca | ||
  Salina Cruz Location in Mexico | ||
| Coordinates: 16°10′N 95°12′W / 16.167°N 95.200°W | ||
| Country |
 Mexico | |
| State | Oaxaca | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 113.55 km2 (43.84 sq mi) | |
| Population (2005) | ||
| • Total | 76,219 | |
| Time zone | Central Standard Time (UTC-6) | |
| • Summer (DST) | Central Daylight Time (UTC-5) | |
Salina Cruz is a major seaport on the Pacific coast of the Mexican state of Oaxaca. It is the state's third-largest city and is the municipal seat of the municipality of the same name. It is part of the Tehuantepec District in the west of the Istmo Region. The city had a 2005 census population of 71,314, while its municipality, with an area of 113.55 km2 (43.84 sq mi) had a population of 76,219, the state's fourth-largest municipality in population.
The port was developed in the late 19th century due to its location at the southern terminus of the Ferrocarril Transístmico, which carried freight across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.
History
Salina Cruz is situated near the mouth of the Río Tehuantepec, on the open coast of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec on the Gulf of Tehuantepec, and has no natural harbour. There was only a small Native village before Salina Cruz was chosen as the Pacific terminus of the Tehuantepec National Railway, whereupon a modern town was laid out and built on adjacent higher ground and an artificial harbour was built by the Mexican government to accommodate the expected traffic. The new port was opened to traffic in 1907 and in 1909 its population was largely composed of labourers. The harbour was formed by the construction of two breakwaters, the western 3,260 ft (990 m) and the eastern 1,900 ft (580 m) long, which curve toward each other at their outer extremities and leave an entrance 635 ft (194 m) wide. The enclosed space is divided into an outer and inner harbour by a double line of quays wide enough to carry six great warehouses with electric cranes on both sides and a number of railway tracks. Connected with the new port works was one of the then-largest dry docks in the world 610 ft (190 m) long and 89 ft (27 m) wide, with a depth of 28 ft (8.5 m) on its sill at low water. The works were planned to handle an immense volume of transcontinental freight, and before they were finished four steamship lines had arranged regular calls at Salina Cruz.
The municipality
As municipal seat, Salina Cruz has governing jurisdiction over the following communities:
Agua Blanca, Boca del Río, Colonia el Bosque, Colonia el Mirador, Colonia Estibadores, Colonia Granadillo, Colonia la Brecha, Colonia Miramar, Colonia Santita, Colonia Vista Hermosa, El Ciruelo, El Puentecito, Ensenada de la Ventosa, La Brecha (Rancho Moisés Aquino), La Hacienda (Palo Grande), Las Escolleras, Palo Grande, Playa Azul, Playa Brasil (Brasilito), Salinas del Marqués, San Antonio Monterrey, and San José del Palmar
Climate
| Climate data for Salina Cruz (1981–2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 38.8 (101.8) |
38.8 (101.8) |
39.4 (102.9) |
40.3 (104.5) |
41.3 (106.3) |
40.0 (104) |
38.1 (100.6) |
38.0 (100.4) |
37.9 (100.2) |
37.0 (98.6) |
36.2 (97.2) |
36.2 (97.2) |
41.3 (106.3) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 31.1 (88) |
31.8 (89.2) |
32.6 (90.7) |
34.1 (93.4) |
35.2 (95.4) |
34.0 (93.2) |
34.5 (94.1) |
34.2 (93.6) |
33.6 (92.5) |
33.1 (91.6) |
32.5 (90.5) |
31.5 (88.7) |
33.2 (91.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.3 (79.3) |
26.8 (80.2) |
27.5 (81.5) |
28.9 (84) |
29.9 (85.8) |
29.0 (84.2) |
29.6 (85.3) |
29.6 (85.3) |
29.0 (84.2) |
28.5 (83.3) |
28.0 (82.4) |
27.0 (80.6) |
28.3 (82.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 21.5 (70.7) |
21.7 (71.1) |
22.4 (72.3) |
23.7 (74.7) |
24.6 (76.3) |
23.9 (75) |
24.6 (76.3) |
25.0 (77) |
24.4 (75.9) |
24.0 (75.2) |
23.6 (74.5) |
22.4 (72.3) |
23.5 (74.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 15.6 (60.1) |
16.2 (61.2) |
16.0 (60.8) |
12.6 (54.7) |
18.4 (65.1) |
17.8 (64) |
19.6 (67.3) |
19.8 (67.6) |
19.2 (66.6) |
17.9 (64.2) |
17.0 (62.6) |
16.6 (61.9) |
12.6 (54.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 4.1 (0.161) |
1.6 (0.063) |
6.6 (0.26) |
3.4 (0.134) |
62.0 (2.441) |
286.0 (11.26) |
147.1 (5.791) |
330.7 (13.02) |
193.8 (7.63) |
71.6 (2.819) |
10.7 (0.421) |
4.8 (0.189) |
1,122.3 (44.185) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 2.9 | 9.7 | 7.9 | 8.6 | 9.3 | 3.9 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 45.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 57 | 59 | 61 | 61 | 64 | 67 | 65 | 66 | 66 | 63 | 59 | 58 | 62 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 248.0 | 254.3 | 282.1 | 228.0 | 217.0 | 162.0 | 195.3 | 213.9 | 156.0 | 226.3 | 249.0 | 238.7 | 2,670.6 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 8.0 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 7.6 | 7.0 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 5.2 | 7.3 | 8.3 | 7.7 | 7.3 |
| Source #1: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[1] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun, 1941–1970)[2] | |||||||||||||
Popular culture
Salina Cruz features as the focus for the novel Last Stop Salina Cruz (2007) by British novelist David Lalé. The novel tells the story of a young man following in the footpaths of modernist legend Arthur Cravan across France, Spain, USA, Mexico and finally Salina Cruz.
See also
References
- ↑ "NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1981–2000" (PDF) (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
- ↑ "Klimatafel von Salina Cruz, Oaxaca / Mexiko" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "article name needed". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.- Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005 INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática
- Oaxaca Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México
External links
- Municipio de Salina Cruz Official website
- Info about Salina Cruz Regional website
- Page related to Salina Cruz History and folklore General Information
- Port of Salina Cruz
- Review of Last Stop Salina Cruz on The Independent
- Last Stop Salina Cruz on Amazon
Coordinates: 16°10′N 95°12′W / 16.167°N 95.200°W