Piano Sonata in A minor, D 845 (Schubert)

The Piano Sonata in A minor D. 845 (Op. 42) by Franz Schubert is a sonata for solo piano, composed in May 1825.

Movements

I. Moderato

A minor. Sonata form (second theme in C major).

II. Andante poco moto

C major. Theme and variations.

In most printed versions, the first variation is not exact: 4 measures (corresponding to m. 20-23 of the theme) are missing after measure 43. This discrepancy was first pointed out by Paul Badura-Skoda. (Neue Zeitschrift für Musik 119, 1958 p. 635-43)

The Wiener Urtext edition provides an emendation with the note: "Passage in smaller print - editor's suggested insertion - totally missing in [First Edition], probably due to engraver's error when changing to new page. Inconceivable that Schubert would deliberately omit four measures here since there is complete conformity in the other variations." (Schubert: Sämtliche Klaviersonaten Band 2 (Tirimo), p. 241.) The First Edition is the primary source since the autograph itself is lost.

III. Scherzo: Allegro vivace - Trio: Un poco più lento

A minor - A major. Trio in F major.

IV. Rondo: Allegro vivace

A minor. Sonata-rondo (second theme in E minor - E major).

The first movement is in sonata form though with ambiguity over the material in the development and the beginning of the recapitulation.^[1]

The second movement is in C major (relative key to A minor) variation form, with somewhat frequent forays into the parallel minor, C minor.

The third movement is a scherzo in compound ternary form, where the main scherzo is essentially in sonata form. The main scherzo opens in A minor and soon switches to the second theme in C major without a transition. The development goes through F minor, A-flat major and A-flat minor, finally arriving on an imperfect cadence in A minor. After the development comes the opening theme in A minor, soon followed by the second theme in A major (also in which the main scherzo ends). The calmer and slower trio section is in F major, the submediant major to A minor (also the subdominant of the relative key to A minor). No extra coda is present after the recapitulated main scherzo.

The fourth movement, in A minor, begins with a melancholic but light melody. This movement is in sonata rondo form with foreshortened recapitulation. The secondary subject in the exposition goes from E minor to E major, while that in the recapitulation goes from A minor to A major. This movement finally closes in A minor.

Daniel Coren has discussed the nature of the recapitulation in the first movement of this sonata.^[2] Noted performers of the work in the 19th century included Hans von Bülow, who played the sonata in both Europe and the USA.^[3]

References

↑ Tania Halban (2 September 2013). "Schubert's Sonata Form: analysis of Schubert's A minor Piano Sonata D.845". Retrieved 2013-09-02.
↑ Coren, Daniel (1974). "Ambiguity in Schubert's Recapitulations". The Musical Quarterly. LX (4): 568–582. doi:10.1093/mq/LX.4.568. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
↑ Gould, John (Winter 2005). "What Did They Play?: The Changing Repertoire of the Piano Recital from the Beginnings to 1980". The Musical Times. Musical Times Publications Ltd. 146 (1893): 61–76. doi:10.2307/30044125. JSTOR 30044125.

External links

Piano Sonata D.845: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
Performance by Seymour Lipkin from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in MP3 format

Piano sonatas (2 hands) by Franz Schubert
Preceded by Sonata in A minor (D. 784)	AGA, Series 10 (15 sonatas) No. 9	Succeeded by Sonata in A major (D. 664)
Preceded by Sonata in C major (D. 840)	21 Sonatas numbering system No. 16	Succeeded by Sonata in D major (D. 850)
Preceded by Sonata in C major (D. 840)	23 Sonatas numbering system No. 18	Succeeded by Sonata in D major (D. 850)

Piano compositions and sonatas by Franz Schubert

Two hands

Sonatas	E major–B major, D 157 C major–A minor, D 279 E major, D 459 E minor, D 769A A minor, D 537 (Op. posth. 164) A-flat major–E-flat major, D 557 E minor–A-flat major, D 566 D-flat major, D 567/568 E-flat major, D 568 (Op. posth. 122) F-sharp minor, D 571 B major, D 575 (Op. posth. 147) C major, D 613 F minor, D 625 C-sharp minor, D 655 A major, D 664 (Op. posth. 120) A minor, D 784 (Op. posth. 143) C major "Reliquie", D 840 A minor, D 845 (Op. 42) D major "Gasteiner", D 850 (Op. 53) G major "Fantasy", D 894 (Op. 78) C minor, D 958 A major, D 959 B-flat major, D 960

Fantasies	Wanderer Fantasy, D 760 "Fantasy" Sonata, D 894

Piano pieces	Allegro in E major, D 154 Minuet in A minor, D 277A Rondo in C major, D 309A Allegretto in C major, D 346 Fünf Klavierstücke (Five Piano Pieces), D 459 Drei Klavierstücke (Three Piano Pieces), D 459A Adagio in D-flat major, D 505 Rondo/Allegretto in E major, D 506 Scherzo/Allegro vivace in D major & Allegro in F-sharp minor, D 570 (Andante) in A major, D 604 Adagio in E major, D 612 Moments musicaux, D 780 (Op. 94) Impromptus, D 899 (Op. 90) & D 935 (Op. posth. 142) — Impromptus/Klavierstücke, D 946

Variations	Vaterländischer Künstlerverein II: Variation No. 38 on a waltz by Diabelli, D 718 Impromptu, D 935 (Op. posth. 142) No. 3 "Rosamunde"

Dances	Minuet in A minor, D 277A Valses Sentimentales, D 779 (Op. 50) — Valses Nobles, D 969 (Op. 77)

Four hands

Sonatas

violin and piano	Violin Sonata in A major "(Grand) Duo", D 574 (Op. posth. 162)

arpeggione and piano	Sonata in A minor for Arpeggione and Piano, D 821

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