Persecution of Muslims by Meccans

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In the early days of Islam at Mecca, the new Muslims were often subjected to abuse and persecution.

Overview

Sumayyah bint Khabbab, and her husband Yasir were tortured to death by Abu Jahl.^[1][2]

Muhammad was protected somewhat by the influence of his family, but even he was subjected to such abuse as having the entrails of a camel thrown on him by Abu Lahab, while he was praying near the Kaaba, and Abu Lahab's wife Umm Jamil would regularly dump filth outside his door.^[3]

Migration age

7 BH (614–615 CE)

6 BH (615–616 CE)

In 6 BH (616 CE) almost one hundred Muslims made a second migration back to Abyssinia where they stayed protected. After the Muslims in Arabia had migrated to Medina in AH 7 (628/629) and attained security, the Muslims in Abyssinia migrated back to Arabia and reunited with them in Medina ^[4] after six years absence.

5 BH (616–617 CE)

The Meccan boycott of the Hashemites by the Quraish was proclaimed in 617.

3 BH (618–619 CE)

2 BH (619–620 CE)

Post Migration age and response

Invasion of Safwan

Muhammad ordered an attack to pursue Kurz bin Jabir Al-Fihri.

Invasion of Sawiq

Muhammad ordered Muslims to pursue Abu Sufyan for killing 2 Muslims and burning a corn field^[3]

List of Specific Recorded Instances

Slaves who were Muslims

Male

• Yasir ibn Amir – tortured and killed.^[5]
• Abu Fakih – tied and dragged on burning sand, had a very heavy stone put on his chest ^[6]
• Abu Fuhayra
• Ammar ibn Yasir – tortured.^[5]

Female

• Al-Nahdiah – tortured ^[5]
• Umm Ubays – tortured ^[5]
• Lubaynah– extensively beaten ^[5]
• Zinnira – beaten until she lost her eyesight temporarily.^[6]

Free Muslims

• Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad – was divorced on orders of Abu Lahab ^[4]
• Ruqayyah bint Muhammad – was divorced on orders of Abu Lahab ^[4]
• Sa'd ibn Ubadah – tortured ^[4]

References

1. ↑ Lings, Martin. Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources. pp. 79–80. ISBN 978-0946621330. 
2. ↑ Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah. Translated by Guillaume, A. (1955). The Life of Muhammad, p. 145. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3. 1 2 Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, pp.150-151. (online)
4. 1 2 3 4 The Sealed Nectar The Second ‘Aqabah Pledge on sunnipath.com
5. 1 2 3 4 5 "Islam's Holy Prophet Muhammad - The Millennium Biography of Muhammad The Prophet of Allah - Chapter 30: Persecution". islamic-paths.org. Archived from the original on 21 April 2005. 
6. 1 2 "witness-pioneer.org". witness-pioneer.org.