Max Pulver
| Max Pulver | |
|---|---|
| Born |
6 December 1889 Berne, Switzerland |
| Died |
13 June 1952 (aged 62) Zürich, Switzerland |
| Occupation | Writer, poet, philosopher and psychoanalyst |
Max Pulver is the author of three graphology books (1931,1934 and 1949) and several articles. He developed the theory of symbolism of space. His work discusses pressure, intelligence and crime. He founded the Schweizerische Graphologische Gesellschaft (Swiss Graphological Society) in 1950 and was president until his death.
Symbolism
Major Symbolism
Major symbolism starts with the point, and examines where and how it travels, to derive an understanding of the personality. This travel is not restricted to strokes. It can be equally applied to white space within a page, or the page as a whole.
Minor Symbolism
This looks at the stroke structures, or sequence of stroke structures, reflecting upon what they are symbols of.
Within this context, a strong leftward moving stroke through a signature would be symbolic of removing one's self from life. How that removal is manifest, depends upon what else is in the handwriting.
Bibliography
Books
Pulver, Max Albert Eugene (1944). "Die charakterologische Bedeutung der Schriftfärbung" (1st ed.). Berne: Huber.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1931). "Symbolik der Handschrift" (1st ed.). Zurich & Leipzig: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1940). "Symbolik der Handschrift." (3rd ed.). Zurich/Leipzig: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1945). "Symbolik der Handschrift." (4th ed.). Zurich/Leipzig: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1949). "Symbolik der Handschrift." (5th ed.). Zurich/Leipzig: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1955). "Symbolik der Handschrift." (6th ed.). Zurich/Leipzig: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1964). "Symbolik der Handschrift." (7th ed.). Munich: Kindler.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1972). Symbolik der Handschrift. (New ed.). Munich: Kindler. ISBN 3-463-18087-1.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1934). "Trieb und Verbrechen in der Handschrift. Ausdrucksbilder asozialer Persönlichkeit." (1st ed.). Zurich/Leipzig: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1934). "Trieb und Verbrechen in der Handschrift. Ausdrucksbilder asozialer Persönlichkeit." (2nd ed.). Zurich/Leipzig: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1948). "Trieb und Verbrechen in der Handschrift. Ausdrucksbilder asozialer Persönlichkeit." (5th Revised German ed.). Zurich/Leipzig: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1934). "Verbrechen in der Schrift". Zurich/Leipzig: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1942). "Auf Spuren des Menschen." (1st ed.). Zurich/Leipzig: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1944). "Person, Charakter, Schicksal" (1st ed.). Zurich: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1948). "Person, Charakter, Schicksal" (2nd ed.). Zurich: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1949). "Intelligenz im Schriftausdruck: eine Studie" (1st ed.). Zurich: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1949). "Der Intelligenzausdruck in der Handschrift" (1st ed.). Zurich: Orell Füssli.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1952). El impulso y el crimen en la escritura: retratos caracteristicos de personalidades asociales. (1st Spanish Edition (5th German Edition) ed.). Madrid: Victoriano Suarez.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1953). Le symbolisme de l'écriture. Translated by Margurite Schmid; Maurice Delamain (1st French ed.). Paris: Stock.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1971). Le symbolisme de l'écriture. Translated by Margurite Schmid; Maurice Delamain. Paris: Stock.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1975). Le symbolisme de l'écriture. Translated by Margurite Schmid; Maurice Delamain. Paris: Stock.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1991). Le symbolisme de l'écriture. Translated by Margurite Schmid; Maurice Delamain (New ed.). Paris: Stock. ISBN 2-234-02431-5.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1953). El simbolismo de la escritura (1st Spanish ed.). Madrid: Victoriano Suarez.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1961). La inteligencia en la expresion de la escritura. (1st Spanish Edition (1st German Edition) ed.). Madrid: Victoriano Suarez.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1983). La simbologia della scrittura. SAGITTARIO Bianca (trans.) (1st Italian ed.). Turin: Boringhieri.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1994). The Symbolism of Handwriting. Translated by Ian Sterling; Monique Stirling (1st English ed.). London: Scriptor Books (BAOG). ISBN 0-9513700-9-X.
Pulver, Max Albert Eugen (1994). Max Pulver's Symbolism in Handwriting. Translated by Felix Klein (Condensed ed.). London and New York: Scriptor. ISBN 0-9513700-9-X.
Pulver, P (1931). L'écriture et le subconscient: psychanalyse et graphologie. Paris.
Articles
Pulver, Max (1930). "Symbolik des Schrifitfeldes.". Zeitschrift für Menschenkunde. 6: 63–60.
Pulver, Max (1930). "Symbolik des Schrifitfeldes.". Zentralblatt für Graphologie. 1: 53–63.
Pulver, Max (1930). "Der Druck". Zeitschrift für Menschenkunde. 6: 229–250.
Pulver, Max (1930). "Der Druck". Zentralblatt für Graphologie. 1: 181–202.
Pulver, Max (1931). "De Groote van het schrift.". Tijdschrift voor wetenschappelijke graphologie. 3 (1).
Pulver, Max (1931). "De Groote van het schrift.". Tijdschrift voor wetenschappelijke graphologie. 3 (3).
Pulver, Max (1950). "Les Quatre Aspects du trait". La Graphologie. 39: 3–17.
Pulver, Max (1953). "Zur Schrift von Arthur Schopenhauer". Psychologee. 5: 153–155.