Manchester (UK Parliament constituency)

Manchester
Former Borough constituency for the House of Commons
County	Lancashire (now Greater Manchester)
Major settlements	Manchester
1832–1885
Number of members	1832–1868: Two 1868–1885: Three
Replaced by	Manchester East Manchester North Manchester North East Manchester North West Manchester South Manchester South West
Created from	Lancashire
1654–1660
Type of constituency	Borough constituency

Manchester was a Parliamentary borough constituency in the county of Lancashire which was represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Its territory consisted of the city of Manchester.

History

Manchester had first been represented in Parliament in 1654, when it was granted one seat in the First Protectorate Parliament. However, as with other boroughs enfranchised during the Commonwealth, it was disenfranchised at the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660.

The subsequent growth of Manchester into a major industrial city left its lack of representation a major anomaly, and demands for a seat in Parliament led to a mass public meeting in August 1819. This peaceful rally of 60,000 pro-democracy reformers, men, women and children, was attacked by armed cavalry resulting in 15 deaths and over 600 injuries,^[1] and became known as the Peterloo Massacre.

Reform was attempted unsuccessfully by Lord John Russell, whose bills in 1828 and 1830 were rejected by the Commons. The city was finally enfranchised by the Reform Act of 1832, and at the 1832 general election, Manchester returned two Members of Parliament (MPs). The Reform Act 1867 increased this in 1868 to three Members of Parliament.

Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the constituency was abolished with effect from the 1885 general election, when the city was split into six new single-member divisions: East, North, North East, North West, South, and South West.

Members of Parliament

MPs 1654–1660

Election	1st Member
1654	Charles Worsley
1656	Richard Radcliffe

MPs 1832–1885

Election	1st Member^[2]		1st Party^[3]		2nd Party	3rd Member		3rd Party
1832		Mark Philips	Whig	Charles Poulett Thomson	Whig	2 seats until 1868 3 seats from 1868 to 1885
1839 by-election				Robert Hyde Greg	Whig
1841				Thomas Milner Gibson	Whig
1847		John Bright	Radical	Thomas Milner Gibson	Whig
1857		John Potter	Whig	James Aspinall Turner	Whig
1858 by-election		Thomas Bazley	Whig / Liberal	James Aspinall Turner	Whig
1865				Edward James	Liberal
1867 by-election				Jacob Bright	Liberal
1868				Jacob Bright	Liberal		Hugh Birley	Conservative
1874				William Romaine Callender	Conservative
1876 by-election				Jacob Bright	Liberal
1880		John Slagg	Liberal
1883 by-election		John Slagg	Liberal				William Henry Houldsworth	Conservative
1885	Constituency abolished (1885)

Elections

Elections in the 1880s

Manchester by-election, 1883
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Conservative	William Henry Houldsworth	18,188
	Liberal	Richard Pankhurst	6,216
Majority			11,972
Turnout
	Conservative hold		Swing

General Election 1880: Manchester (3 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Liberal	John Slagg	24,959
	Liberal	Jacob Bright	24,789
	Conservative	Hugh Birley	20,594
	Conservative	William Henry Houldsworth	20,268
Majority
Turnout
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing
	Liberal hold		Swing
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1870s

Manchester by-election, 1875
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Liberal	Jacob Bright	22,535
	Conservative	S Powell	20,974
Majority			1,561
Turnout
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing

General Election 1874: Manchester (3 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Conservative	Hugh Birley	19,984
	Conservative	William Romaine Callender	19,649
	Liberal	Thomas Bazley	19,325
	Liberal	Jacob Bright	18,727
Majority
Turnout
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing
	Conservative hold		Swing
	Liberal hold		Swing

Elections in the 1860s

General Election 1868: Manchester (3 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Conservative	Hugh Birley	15,486
	Liberal	Thomas Bazley	14,192
	Liberal	Jacob Bright	13,154
	Conservative	Joseph Hoare	12,684
	Liberal	Ernest Jones	10,662
	Liberal	Henry Mitchell	5,256
Majority
Turnout
	Conservative hold		Swing
	Liberal hold		Swing
	Liberal hold		Swing

Manchester by-election, 1867
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Liberal	Jacob Bright	8,160
	Conservative	J M Bennett	6,420
	Liberal	Henry Mitchell	643
Majority			1,740
Turnout
	Liberal hold		Swing

General Election 1865: Manchester (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Liberal	Thomas Bazley	7,909
	Liberal	Edward James	6,698
	Liberal	Jacob Bright	5,562
	Liberal	Abel Heywood	4,242
Majority
Turnout
	Liberal hold		Swing
	Liberal hold		Swing

Elections in the 1850s

General Election 1859: Manchester (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Liberal	Thomas Bazley	7,545
	Liberal	James Aspinall Turner	7,300
	Liberal	Abel Heywood	5,448
	Conservative	Capt. Denman	5,201
Majority
Turnout
	Liberal hold		Swing
	Liberal hold		Swing

Manchester By-Election 17th November 1858

In the 1858 Manchester by-election, Thomas Bazley, Whig was elected unopposed.

General Election 1857: Manchester (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	John Potter	8,368
	Whig	James Aspinall Turner	7,884
	Whig	Thomas Milner Gibson	5,588
	Whig	John Bright	5,458
Majority
Turnout
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

General Election 1852: Manchester (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Rt Hon. Thomas Milner Gibson	5,762
	Whig	John Bright	5,475
	Conservative	George Loch	4,364
	Conservative	Capt. Hon. Joseph Denman	3,969
Majority
Turnout
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

Elections in the 1840s

General election of 1847

In the 1847 general election, both candidates were elected unopposed:

General Election 1841: Manchester (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Mark Philips	3,695
	Whig	Thomas Milner Gibson	3,615
	Conservative	George Murray	3,115
	Conservative	Willam Entwistle	2,692
Majority
Turnout
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

Elections in the 1830s

Manchester by-election, 1839
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Robert Hyde Greg	3,096
	Conservative	George Murray	2,959
	Whig	Colonel Thomson	93
Majority			137
Turnout
	Whig hold		Swing

General Election 1837: Manchester (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Charles Poulett Thomson	4,158
	Whig	Mark Philips	3,750
	Conservative	William Ewart Gladstone	2,281
Majority
Turnout
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

Manchester by-election, 1835
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Charles Poulett Thomson	3,205
	Conservative	B Braidley	1,839
Majority			1,366
Turnout
	Whig hold		Swing

General Election 1835: Manchester (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Charles Poulett Thomson	3,355
	Whig	Mark Philips	3,163
	Conservative	B Braidley	2,535
	Whig	Charles Wolseley	583
Majority
Turnout
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

General Election 1832: Manchester (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Mark Philips	2,923
	Whig	Charles Poulett Thomson	2,068
	Whig	Samuel Jones Loyd	1,832
	Tory	John Thomas Hope	1,560
	Whig	William Cobbett	1,305
Majority
Turnout

Sources

Manchester City Council Archive

Manchester Constituencies

Current	Blackley and Broughton Manchester Central Manchester Gorton Manchester Withington Wythenshawe and Sale East

Historic	Manchester (1832–1885) Manchester East (1885–1918) Manchester North (1885-1918) Manchester North East (1885-1918) Manchester North West (1885-1918) Manchester South (1885-1918) Manchester South West (1885-1918) Manchester Ardwick (1918-1983) Manchester Blackley (1918-2010) Manchester Clayton (1918-1955) Manchester Exchange (1918-February 1974) Manchester Hulme (1918-1950) Manchester Moss Side (1918-1983) Manchester Platting (1918-1950) Manchester Cheetham (1950-February 1974) Manchester Wythenshawe (1950-1997) Manchester Openshaw (1955-1983)

See also	South Lancashire South East Lancashire

References

↑ Ward, David (27 December 2007). "New plaque tells truth of Peterloo killings 188 years on". The Guardian. London: Guardian News and Media Ltd. Retrieved 25 March 2008.
↑ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "L" (part 1)
↑ Craig, F. W. S. (1989) [1977]. British parliamentary election results 1832–1885 (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 206. ISBN 0-900178-26-4.

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