List of state leaders in 1584

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1584.

Africa

• Ethiopian Empire – Sarsa Dengel (1563–1597)
• Kingdom of Kongo – Álvaro I, Manikongo (1568–1587)
• Sennar Sultanate – Dakin (1568–1585/6)
• Songhai Empire – Askia Al-Hajj, Askia of the Songhai Empire (1582–1586)

Asia

• Ahmadnagar Sultanate – Murtaza Nizam Shah I (1565–1588)
• Arakkal kingdom – Ali Raja Ali, Raja of Arakkal (1545–1591)
• Khanate of Khiva – Abdullah Khan II (1577–1598)
• China (Ming dynasty) - Wanli Emperor (1573–1620)
• Đại Việt – Lê Thế Tông (1573–1599)
  • Đàng Ngoài – Trịnh Tùng, Trịnh lord (1570–1623)
  • Đàng Trong – Nguyễn Hoàng, Nguyễn lord (1558–1613)
• Japan (Sengoku period)
  • Monarch – Emperor Ōgimachi (1557–1586)
  • de facto - Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1536–1598)
• Khanate of Khiva – Haji Muhammad I (1558–1602)
• Joseon (Korea) – Seonjo (1567–1608)
• Mughal Empire – Akbar (1556–1605)
• Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Ei (1573–1586)
• Philippines (Las islas Filipinas)

• Luis de Villanueva y Zapata, Viceroy of New Spain (1583–1584)
• Diego Ronquillo, Governor General and Captain General of the Philippines (1583–1584)

• Vijayanagara Empire – Sriranga Deva Raya (1572–1586)

Europe

• Kingdom of Denmark and Norway – Frederick II (1559–1588)
  • Duchy of Schleswig – Adolf (1544–1586) and Frederick II (1559–1588) in condominial rule
• Kingdom of England – Elizabeth I (1558–1603)
• Kingdom of France – Henry III (1574–1589)
• Holy Roman Empire – Rudolf II (1576–1612)
  • Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen – Henry III (1567–1585)
  • Duchy of Holstein – Adolf (1544–1586) and Frederick II (1559–1588) in condominial rule
  • Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück – Henry II (1574–1585)
  • Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn – Henry IV (1577–1585)
• Royal Hungary – Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (as Rudolf I) (1576–1608)
• Kingdom of Navarre – Henry III (1572–1610)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Murad III (1574–1595)
• Papal States – Pope Gregory XIII (1572–1585)
• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – Anna Jagiellon and Stephen Báthory, co-monarchs (1574–1586)
• Russia -
  1. Ivan IV, the Terrible, Grand Prince of Moscow (1533–1547) then Tsar of Russia (1547–1584)
  2. Feodor I (1584–1598)
• Kingdom of Scotland – James VI (1567–1625)
• Kingdom of Spain and Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – Philip II (1556–1598)
• Kingdom of Sweden – John III (1568–1592)
• United Provinces
  • Estates of Duchy of Brabant, Flanders, Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
    1. Prince William of Orange, leader of the resistance (1566–1584)
    2. Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, governor of the Netherlands (for Queen Elizabeth I of England)
    • Holland – Grand Pensionary Paulus Buys (1572–1584)
• Republic of Venice – Nicolò da Ponte, Doge of Venice (1578–1585)

Middle East and North Africa

• Morocco (Saadi dynasty) - Ahmad I al-Mansur Saadi (1578–1603)
• Safavid Empire – Mohammad Khodabanda, Shah of Iran (1578–1587)