List of non-marine molluscs of Cuba

Location of Cuba
The topography of Cuba: Cuba has mostly flat terrain to rolling plains, with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast.

The non-marine molluscs of Cuba are a part of the molluscan wildlife of Cuba. Numerous species of non-marine molluscs are found in the wild in Cuba, which is in fact one of the richest places for the malacological fauna in the world, especially in land snails, hosting a high degree of endemism.[1] Cuba has some highly charismatic species of land snails, such as those of the genus Polymita and Liguus.[1]

A total of 42 species of freshwater molluscs occur in Cuba.[1] Introduced species such as Tarebia granifera and Melanoides tuberculata are spread throughout the country and might be a threat for endemics and other native snails.[1]

History

There are many works regarding taxonomic and systematic studies in marine and land molluscs with a fewer number on ecology and distribution.[1] Freshwater molluscs, however, are scarcer and have received less attention.[1]

Freshwater molluscs overview

A total of 10 (23.8%) out of 42 described freshwater snails and mussels are endemic in Cuba.[1] The percentage of endemism shown in Cuban freshwater molluscs (23.8%) is characteristic of the fauna of islands.[1] Only one endemic species exhibits a wide distribution range throughout the country while the others have small populations in a few or only one locality.[1] Of the 42 freshwater molluscs of Cuba, 24 species occur within the limits of protected areas.[1] Of these, Tarebia granifera and Physa acuta seem to be the most common snails while the endemics of the genus Hemisinus, Nephronaias, and Viviparus are quite rare in the protected areas, and have scarce populations in Cuba.[1] Of the 253 protected areas in Cuba, only 35 have populations of freshwater molluscs (endemic and non-endemic species).[1] A remarkable point is that 54% of protected areas host introduced species.[1]

Five species of introduced freshwater molluscs occur in Cuba.[1] The main species are the thiarids Tarebia granifera and Melanoides tuberculata (family Thiaridae). Other species are Pomacea diffusa and Marisa cornuarietis (family Ampullariidae), and Corbicula fluminea (family Corbiculidae).[1]

The most of the freshwater mollusc endemic species in Cuba might be endangered or vulnerable.[1] Shrinkage in distribution range of populations, introduction of exotic species, and habitat loss due to human activity are probably the main drivers of population declines.[1] The continuous growth of the Cuban population has forced many populations of endemic molluscs to withdraw from many localities.[1] This has been the result of, first, the construction of buildings near these species populations, which generate an associated pollution of the freshwater environment, and, second, a direct transformation to the ecosystems where the molluscs occur due to water consumption.[1] The Cauto River, the largest river in Cuba, is an example of this transformation with the rerouting of some segments to build dams in order to provide water for the nearby cities.[1] Many recreational infrastructures for tourism have been built in Cuba in the vicinity of areas where endemic freshwater molluscs are found.[1] This is a common problem in places like Viñales, Soroa, Zapata Swamp, and Baracoa, which are among the most important tourist destinations in Cuba.[1]

Freshwater gastropods

apertural and abapertural view of the shell of endemic Cuban species Pomacea poeyana

Ampullariidae

Viviparidae

Pachychilidae

shells of endemic Cuban species Hemisinus brevis
shells of endemic Cuban species Hemisinus cubanianus

Thiaridae

Hydrobiidae

Lymnaeidae

Physidae

Planorbidae

freshwater snails or freshwater bivalve family ?

Land gastropods

an unidentified land snail from Cuba
an unidentified land snail from Cuba
an unidentified land snail from Cuba

There are about 1300[2] or 1387 species[3] of land gastropods in Cuba.

Land snails have a large degree of endemism and represent almost 94% of the species.[1]

There is enormous number of species in the family Urocoptidae in Cuba, over 580 species.

Helicinidae

Proserpinidae

Megalomastomatidae

Neocyclotidae

Pomatiidae

Truncatellidae

Veronicellidae

Succineidae

Pupillidae

Strobilopsidae

Vertiginidae

Orthalicidae

Cerionidae

Urocoptidae

Ferussaciidae

Subulinidae

Oleacinidae

Spiraxidae

Streptaxidae

Haplotrematidae

Helicodiscidae

Sagdidae

Gastrodontidae

Euconulidae

Zonitidae

Agriolimacidae

Vitrinidae

Bradybaenidae

Camaenidae

Cepolidae

Polygyridae

Thysanophoridae

Cepolidae or Helminthoglyptidae or Xanthonychidae[3] or

Bivalvia

Unionidae

Corbiculidae

See also

Lists of molluscs of surrounding countries:

References

This article incorporates CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference [1]

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 Vázquez A. A. & Perera S. (2010). "Endemic Freshwater molluscs of Cuba and their conservation status". Tropical Conservation Science 3(2): 190-199. HTM, PDF.
  2. (18 October 2009). "Cifras Diversidad Biológica Cubana". HTM, PDF. Centro Nacional de Biodiversidad Cuba, accessed 31 August 2010.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 "Mollusca". Diversidad Biológica Cubana, accessed 23 March 2011.
  4. Rios O. M. & Quinta M. H. (2010). "Larval Feeding Habits of the Cuban Endemic Firefly Alecton discoidalis Laporte (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)". Psyche 2010, Article ID 149879, 5 pages, doi:10.1155/2010/149879.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Maceira D. F. (2003). "Las especies de la familia Veronicellidae (Mollusca, Soleolifera) en Cuba". Revista de Biología Tropical 51(3): 453-461. PDF.
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Further reading

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