Leven, Fife

Leven
Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Lìobhann[1]
Leven is on the southern coast of Fife in the centre of the Scottish mainland. Near the Firth of Forth
Leven
 Leven shown within Fife
Population 8,850 [2] (2008 est.)
OS grid referenceNO384007
Civil parishScoonie
Council areaFife
Lieutenancy areaFife
CountryScotland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post town LEVEN
Postcode district KY8
Dialling code 01333
Police Scottish
Fire Scottish
Ambulance Scottish
EU Parliament Scotland
UK ParliamentGlenrothes and North East Fife
Scottish ParliamentMid Fife and Glenrothes
List of places
UK
Scotland

Coordinates: 56°11′42″N 2°59′39″W / 56.195°N 2.994167°W / 56.195; -2.994167

Leven (Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Lìobhann) is a seaside town in Fife, set in the east Central Lowlands of Scotland. It lies on the coast of the Firth of Forth at the mouth of the River Leven, 8.1 miles (13.0 km) north-east of the town of Kirkcaldy and 6.4 miles (10.3 km) east of Glenrothes.

According to an estimate taken in 2008, Leven has a population of 8,850. The town forms part of the Levenmouth conurbation which has a total population of 31,450.

History

Carlow Hall

The origin of the name "Leven" comes from the Pictish word for "flood". The nearby Loch Leven, being the flood lake, was the name given to both the river and town.[3] A settlement is believed to have formed at the mouth of the River Leven very close to the area around Scoonie Brae with the discovery of the parish church of "scoyne".[3][4] During the mid-11th century, Bishop Tuadal of St Andrews gifted the church of "scoyne" to the Culdees of Loch Leven. By the end of the 11th century, the village along with the church were acquired by Bishop Robert of St Andrews following the decline of culdeen faith.[3][4]

The first mention of the current town was made in the middle of the 15th century, according to two separate records referring to the town's name as "levynnis-mouth". This contained information about the urgent need for repair work at the town's monastery and Georgie Durie, a local estate owner, becoming the keeper at the harbour.[3][4]

In 1854 the Leven Railway opened, linking the town with Thornton Junction on the Edinburgh - Aberdeen main line. This helped it to become a tourist resort popular with visitors from the west of Scotland, and particularly Glasgow. Later in the 19th century the Leven Railway became part of a loop line of the North British Railway linking Thornton Junction and Leuchars Junction via St Andrews. The railway between Leven and St. Andrews closed in 1965. The railway between Leven and Thornton Junction closed to freight in 1966 and passengers in 1969. A project into the reopening of the line is under consideration, dubbed the Leven rail link. Until then, the nearest station is Markinch railway station.

The ecclesiastical and civil parish of Scoonie included the town of Leven.

Leisure and tourism

Leven beach
Silverburn Park, 2012

Tourism is a major economic activity in and around Leven. There are several large caravan parks in and around the town, as well as a number of hotels and guest houses. The neighbouring villages of Lundin Links and Lower Largo have over 50 high quality self-catering properties available for visitors.

The coast and the long sandy beaches are the main visitor draw. Leven has an attractive beach promenade with playparks and other facilities including an indoor Kids Action Zone. The promenade is part of the Fife Coastal Path that stretches for over 150 miles (240 km) from the Firth of Forth to the Firth of Tay. There are also popular family facilities and walks in the large parks at Letham Glen and Silverburn. The former includes a crafts centre and woodland walks, while the latter has attractive gardens and coastal views.

Golf is also a major draw with two courses at Scoonie and Leven Links and another within easy walking distance at Lundin Links. Leven Links has been used as a qualifying course for the Open Championship when it is held at St Andrews, the "home of golf" only 15 miles (24 km) to the north. There are also numerous bowls clubs in and around the town.

Levenmouth Leisure Centre at the start of the promenade is an all-weather attraction with a large, modern indoor swimming pool and sports facilities. The town also boasts its own popular 374-seat, community run cinema, The Regent, which has ongoing programmes of new release feature films and hosts regular events, such as concerts and wrestling. History enthusiasts can find out about the area's past at the Heritage Centre in neighbouring Methil, only a 15-minute walk from Leven town centre.

The town centre is the main shopping centre for a wide area with a number of national chain supermarkets and retailers as well as award-winning independent local retailers. It also has a large number of restaurants and cafes.

Economic activity

Levenmouth suffers from poor connections to the rail and main road network of Central Scotland, particularly since the closure of the last railway link in 1969, which came at the same time as the collapse of coal mining. The knock-on effect virtually sealed the fate of Methil as a major port on the East of Scotland. There has been a number of unsuccessful attempts to restore a passenger rail connection to Leven although local campaigns still press the case for reopening stations. However, a steam railway preservation group, the Kingdom of Fife Railway Preservation Society, have expressed interest in reopening the railway as a heritage rail line.

However, there are good bus links to the main railhead at Kirkcaldy (8 miles (13 km)) and regular express bus services to the pretty resort villages of the neighbouring East Neuk and St Andrews. A new bus station has recently been built in the centre of the town at the foot of the High Street opposite the Leisure Centre.

The main road through Fife, the A92, bypasses this area of Fife, the 4th largest conurbation, whereas Dunfermline, Kirkcaldy and Glenrothes all have good road and rail connections. Leven is linked to Kirkcaldy by the A915 Standing Stone Road and Methil to Kirkcaldy through Dysart and East/West Wemyss. It also has a fast road link to Glenrothes on the A915 that continues on to St Andrews.

Wind turbine under construction at Methil

Very little remains in the way of major employment since the closure of the coal mining industry. The major employers now is the drinks manufacturer Diageo which has its main bottling plant in the town, and one of the largest distilleries in the world at Cameron Bridge, near Windygates, supermarket companies Sainsbury's, Lidl and Aldi which trade from large stores located throughout the town and banking companies The Royal Bank of Scotland Group, Lloyds Banking Group and National Australia Bank which have branches located in the town center using the brands The Royal Bank of Scotland, TSB Bank (United Kingdom), Bank of Scotland and Clydesdale Bank. There is hopefully some light on the horizon in the proposed Fife Energy Park (this is operating now 2008, they produce wind turbines) which is to utilise the former oil-rig building yard in Methil which was itself built on the former Wellesley Colliery. On the north side of the Forth, there is talk of starting a ferry service to Edinburgh, and this may help to revitalise the area and increase house prices, which at the moment are among the lowest in Scotland.

Education

Currently, the town is home to three primary schools.[5] Two of which are non-denominational - Mountfleurie and Parkhill and the other being denominational - St Agatha's.

Parkhill Primary School which serves the centre of the town opened in 1910, initially as an infant school before accepting primary school pupils in 1957.[5] Mountfleurie Primary School, on the other hand, opened in 1957 with an infant department in 1974. The school also has a speech and language class which officially started in 1990.[6] St Agatha's RC Primary School which dates from 1975, following a re-location from Methil, Fife has a catchment area stretching from East Wemyss to Lower Largo.

For Secondary schooling, most children within Leven will go to Levenmouth Academy. Previously, students would attend either Kirkland or Buckhaven high schools but these schools were merged to form Levenmouth Academy.

Notable residents

Twin Towns

References

  1. ↑ Iain Mac an Tàilleir 2003, placenamesK-O.pdf Retrieved 2011-05-26.
  2. ↑ "Mid-2008 Population Estimates – Localities in order of size". General Register Office for Scotland. 2008. Retrieved 2010-12-11.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Pearson, John M. (1993). Around Kirkcaldy, 1st edition. Levenmouth Printers. ISBN 0-9519134-3-3.
  4. 1 2 3 Eunson, Eric (1991). Bygone Leven. Stenlake Publishing. ISBN 1-872074-07-3.
  5. 1 2 "Parkhill Primary School info". Fife Council. Retrieved 2009-12-07.
  6. ↑ "Mountfleurie Primary School info". Fife Council. Retrieved 2009-12-07.
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