Lawrence (judge royal)

Lawrence
Judge royal
Reign	1164–1172
Predecessor	Gabriel
Successor	Cumpurdinus

Died	after 1174 Duchy of Austria

Lawrence (Hungarian: Lőrinc; died after 1174) was a nobleman in the Kingdom of Hungary, who served as Judge royal (Latin: curialis comes) between 1164 and 1172, during the reign of Stephen III of Hungary.^[1]

He was loyal to Géza II of Hungary as, according to a royal charter issued in 1212, he held the positions of ispán of Sopron^[2] and Vas Counties for at most more than twenty years, from 1141 to 1162.^[3] When he was already Judge royal, a non-authentic charter also refers to him as ispán of Sopron County therefore it is conceivable that Lawrence held both ispánates until his end of career and residence in Hungary.^[2]

When the civil war broke out between Stephen III, who ascended the throne after the death of his father Géza II, and his uncles (Ladislaus and Stephen IV) in 1162, Lawrence supported the young king.^[4] He was mentioned among the great barons in 1162.^[5] He was appointed Judge royal in 1164, replacing Gabriel.^[1] In 1172, when Lucas, Archbishop of Esztergom refused to perform the coronation of Béla III, who had returned from Constantinople, Lawrence and numerous other barons followed the archbishop and supported Prince Géza, the youngest surviving son of the late Géza II.^[6]

However Béla III was able to strengthen his power and was crowned by the Archbishop of Kalocsa who was authorized by Pope Alexander III in early 1173. According to a Bohemian chronicle (Continuatio Gerlaci abbatis Milovicensis), Béla imprisoned his younger brother, Géza, who however escaped from prison and fled to Austria in 1174,^[5] alongside Lawrence who also had fled the country and died in exile sometime later.^[7]

References

1 2 Zsoldos 2011, p. 27.
1 2 Zsoldos 2011, p. 196.
↑ Zsoldos 2011, p. 222.
↑ Makk 1989, p. 93.
1 2 Markó 2006, p. 285.
↑ Makk 1989, p. 108.
↑ Makk 1989, p. 111.

Sources

Makk, Ferenc (1989). The Árpáds and the Comneni: Political Relations between Hungary and Byzantium in the 12th century (Translated by György Novák). Akadémiai Kiadó. ISBN 963-05-5268-X.
(Hungarian) Markó, László: A magyar állam főméltóságai Szent Istvántól napjainkig – Életrajzi Lexikon (The High Officers of the Hungarian State from Saint Stephen to the Present Days – A Biographical Encyclopedia) (2nd edition); Helikon Kiadó Kft., 2006, Budapest; ISBN 963-547-085-1.
(Hungarian) Zsoldos, Attila (2011). Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1000–1301 ("Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1000–1301"). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. Budapest. ISBN 978-963-9627-38-3

Political offices
Preceded by Gabriel	Judge royal 1164–1172	Succeeded by Cumpurdinus

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