Beruniy
| Beruniy Beruniy/Беруний | |
|---|---|
| City | |
  Beruniy Location in Uzbekistan | |
| Coordinates: 41°41′N 60°45′E / 41.683°N 60.750°ECoordinates: 41°41′N 60°45′E / 41.683°N 60.750°E | |
| Country |
 Uzbekistan |
| Autonomous Republic | Karakalpakstan |
| District | Beruniy District |
| City status | 1962 |
| Population (2004) | |
| • Total | 50,700 |
| Time zone | UZT (UTC+5) |
| • Summer (DST) | not observed (UTC+5) |
| Postal code | 230200[1] |
| Area code(s) | +998 6157[1] |
Beruniy (Uzbek: Beruniy/Беруний, بېرۇنىي; Karakalpak: Biruniy/Бируний; Russian: Беруни) is a small city in the Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan. It is located on the northern bank of the Amu Darya near Uzbekistan's border with Turkmenistan. The city is the seat of Beruniy District. Historically, Beruniy was known as Kath (Arabic/Persian: کاث; modern Uzbek: Kos) and served as the capital of Khwarezm during the Afrighid dynasty. In 1957, it was renamed "Beruniy" in honor of the medieval scholar and polymath Al-Biruni who was born here. Beruniy received city status in 1962.
Beruniy is an important industrial city in Karakalpakstan. It is home to an asphalt plant, a brick factory, a cotton plant, and a shoe factory. There are also a large number of textile factories.
History
Historically, Beruniy was the capital of Khwarezm.[2][3] At that time it was known as Kath (modern Uzbek: Kos). The city underwent many name changes, including Fil and Shobboz. In 1957, it was renamed Beruniy in honor of the scholar and polymath Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī who was born and raised in the town.[2][3]
Beruniy received the status of a city in 1962.[2][4] In 1969, Amu Darya River overflew its banks.[5][6] As a result, several buildings in Beruniy were badly damaged. However, they were quickly repaired.
Geography
Beruniy is located on the northern bank of the Amu Darya near Uzbekistan's border with Turkmenistan. By road it is 936 kilometres (582 mi) west of Tashkent and 55.6 kilometres (34.5 mi) northeast of Khiva.[7]
Climate
Beruniy has a sharp continental climate with cold winters and hot summers.[3] The average July temperature is 38 °C (100 °F). The mean temperature in January is −15 – −20 °C (5 – −4 °F).
| Climate data for Beruniy | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C | 2 | 6 | 13 | 22 | 29 | 35 | 36 | 35 | 28 | 21 | 11 | 4 | 20.2 |
| Average low °C | −7 | −4 | 1 | 9 | 15 | 20 | 22 | 19 | 13 | 6 | 0 | −5 | 7.4 |
| Average precipitation mm | 8.3 | 7.8 | 15.2 | 15.1 | 10.1 | 3.1 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 12.9 | 13 | 19.6 | 109.7 |
| Average high °F | 36 | 43 | 55 | 72 | 84 | 95 | 97 | 95 | 82 | 70 | 52 | 39 | 68.3 |
| Average low °F | 19 | 25 | 34 | 48 | 59 | 68 | 72 | 66 | 55 | 43 | 32 | 23 | 45.3 |
| Average precipitation inches | 0.327 | 0.307 | 0.598 | 0.594 | 0.398 | 0.122 | 0.035 | 0.071 | 0.075 | 0.508 | 0.51 | 0.772 | 4.317 |
| Source: [8] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
In 2004, Beruniy had a population of 50,700.[9] Representatives of many ethnic groups can be found in the city.
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1968 | 18,000 | — |
| 1970 | 23,000 | +27.8% |
| 2000 | 51,000 | +121.7% |
| 2004 | 50,700 | −0.6% |
| Source: [10][2][3][9] | ||
Economy
Beruniy is an important industrial city in Karakalpakstan.[3] It is home to an asphalt plant, a brick factory, a cotton plant, and a shoe factory. There are also a large number of textile factories.
Education
Beruniy is home to 14 secondary schools.[3] There are also a music school and a sports school in the city.
References
- 1 2 "Beruni". SPR (in Russian). Retrieved 23 January 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 Moʻminov, Ibrohim, ed. (1972). "Beruniy". Oʻzbek sovet ensiklopediyasi (in Uzbek). 2. Toshkent. p. 188.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Beruniy". Oʻzbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi (in Uzbek). Toshkent: Oʻzbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi. 2000–2005.
- ↑ "Beruniy". Ensiklopedik lugʻat (in Uzbek). 1. Toshkent: Oʻzbek sovet ensiklopediyasi. 1988. p. 96. 5-89890-002-0.
- ↑ Moʻminov, Ibrohim, ed. (1971). "Amudaryo". Oʻzbek sovet ensiklopediyasi (in Uzbek). 1. Toshkent. p. 328.
- ↑ Iskandar, Abdulla (9 February 2008). "Fears over Amu Darya's rage" (in Uzbek). RFE/RL's Uzbek Service. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
- ↑ "Beruni". Google Maps. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
- ↑ "Average high/low temperature for Beruni, Uzbekistan". World Weather Online. Retrieved 22 January 2015.
- 1 2 "Beruniy City" (in Russian). Goroda.uz. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
- ↑ "Beruni (City in Karakalpak ASSR)" (in Russian). Akademik. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
