John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle

John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne

John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne , KG, PC (9 January 1662 – 15 July 1711) was an English peer.

He was born in Edwinstowe, Nottinghamshire, the son of the 3rd Earl of Clare and his wife Grace Pierrepont. Grace was daughter of The Hon. William Pierrepont and granddaughter of the 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull.

Holles was elected MP for Nottinghamshire as Lord Houghton on 14 January 1689, but was called to the House of Lords two days later when his father died and he became the 4th Earl of Clare. He was created the 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, of the 2nd creation, in 1694. The Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne is a title which was created three times in British history. The first creation had become extinct when Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne died with out a male heir.^[1]

On 1 March 1690, he married Lady Margaret Cavendish, a daughter of Henry Cavendish. They had one child, Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holles (1694–1755), who married the 2nd Earl of Oxford and Mortimer and was mother to Margaret Bentinck, Duchess of Portland.

Correspondence and estate records of John Holles, including letters to his wife, are held at the department of Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham, principally in the Holles Papers (Pw 2), part of the Portland (Welbeck) Collection.

A rivalry was formed between John and his sister, Elizabeth, when she married Christopher Vane, 1st Baron Barnard.^[2]

The duke died in 1711 from injuries received in a fall from his horse while hunting near Welbeck.^[3]He left his Cavendish estates to his son-in-law, Edward Harley (later 2nd Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer) and the remainder of his property to his nephew Thomas Pelham, subsequently 1st Duke of Newcastle (third creation) and prime minister.^[1]

References

1 2 "HOLLES, John, Lord Houghton (1662-1711), of Haughton, Notts. and Warwick House, Holborn, Mdx.". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 16 March 2016.
↑ Mounsey, Chris. Christopher Smart: Clown of God. London: Bucknell University Press, 2001. p. 23
↑ Abel Boyer. The history of the reign of Queen Anne. 10. p. 381.

Titles from birth to death

The Hon. John Holles (1662–1666)
Lord Haughton (1666–1689)
Lord Haughton, MP (1689–1689)
The Rt. Hon. The Earl of Clare (1689–1694)
His Grace The Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1694–1698)
His Grace The Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, KG (1698–1705)
His Grace The Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, KG, PC (1705–1711)

External links

Biography of John Holles, Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, with links to online catalogues, on the website of Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham

Political offices
Preceded by The Duke of Buckingham and Normanby	Lord Privy Seal 1705–1711	Succeeded by The Bishop of Bristol
Military offices
Preceded by The Marquess of Carmarthen	Governor of Kingston-upon-Hull 1699–1711	Succeeded by Richard Sutton
Legal offices
Preceded by The Duke of Devonshire	Justice in Eyre north of the Trent 1711	Succeeded by The Duke of Leeds
Honorary titles
Preceded by The Earl of Craven	Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex 1689–1692	Succeeded by The Earl of Bedford
Preceded by The Earl of Craven	Custos Rotulorum of Middlesex 1689–1692	Succeeded by The Earl of Bedford
Preceded by The Duke of Devonshire	Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire 1694–1711	Vacant Title next held by The Earl of Clare
Vacant Title last held by The Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull	Custos Rotulorum of Nottinghamshire 1694–1711	Vacant Title next held by The Earl of Clare
Preceded by The Duke of Leeds	Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire 1699–1711	Vacant Title next held by Marquess of Carmarthen
Preceded by The Duke of Leeds	Custos Rotulorum of the East Riding of Yorkshire 1699–1711	Succeeded by Marquess of Carmarthen
Preceded by The Duke of Buckingham and Normanby	Lord Lieutenant of the North Riding of Yorkshire 1705–1711	Succeeded by The Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
Peerage of England
New creation Title last held by Henry Cavendish	Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne 2nd creation 1694–1711	Extinct
		Extinct
Preceded by Gilbert Holles	Earl of Clare 1689–1711

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