Japanese seaplane tender Akitsushima

History
Akitsushima on 18 April 1942
Empire of Japan
Name:	Akitsushima
Namesake:	Another name of Japan
Builder:	Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation
Laid down:	29 October 1940
Launched:	25 July 1941
Completed:	29 April 1942
Commissioned:	29 April 1942
Decommissioned:	10 November 1944
Maiden voyage:	29 April 1942
In service:	1942–1944
Fate:	Sunk on 24 September 1944
General characteristics
Type:	Seaplane tender
Displacement:	4,650 long tons (4,725 t) standard 5,000 long tons (5,080 t) trial
Length:	114.8 m (376 ft 8 in) overall 113.0 m (370 ft 9 in) waterline
Beam:	15.8 m (51 ft 10 in)
Draught:	5.4 m (17 ft 9 in)
Propulsion:	4 × Kampon Mk.22 Model 10 diesels, 2 shafts, 8,000 bhp (6,000 kW)
Speed:	19.0 knots (35.2 km/h; 21.9 mph)
Range:	8,000 nmi (15,000 km; 9,200 mi) at 14 kn (26 km/h; 16 mph)
Capacity:	689 tons gasoline 36 × Type 91 torpedoes 30 × 800 kg bombs 15 × 500 kg bombs 100 × 250 kg bombs 100 × 60 kg bombs
Complement:	545
Armament:	4 × 127 mm (5.0 in) L/40 Type 89 AA guns 4 × Type 96 25mm AA guns 6 × Type 95 depth charges 1 × Type 94 depth charge thrower (Y-gun)
Aircraft carried:	1 × flying boat (in anchorage only)
Aviation facilities:	deck and crane

Akitsushima (秋津洲) was a seaplane tender of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), serving during World War II from 1942 until being sunk in September 1944.

Design

In 1938, the IJN wanted to use their large-sized flying boats more effectively, because the Kawanishi H6K was the only aircraft able to hit Pearl Harbor directly from the Marshall Islands. However, the Marshall Islands did not have flying boat facilities at that time. Early in 1939, the IJN converted the oiler Kamoi to a seaplane tender. However, she was not able to repair seaplanes.

The IJN therefore planned two kinds of seaplane tenders which were included in the Maru 4 Programme. One was a 10,000-ton class flying boat carrier, the other a 2,400-ton class flying boat tender. These plans were not able to pass the assessment by the Ministry of Finance. These two basic plans were revived by the Maru 5 Programme in 1941. However, their construction did not begin. Therefore, the IJN planned a 3,500-ton class tender, which was a scaled-up model of the 2,400-ton class. The ships should be able to maintain, repair and supply seaplanes. The IJN intended to accommodate the flying boat by bow-up trim and slope at first, however this plan was cancelled and the Akitsushima class was equipped with a 35-ton crane. The IJN changed the design frequently, ending up with a displacement increased by 1,000 tons.

Operational service

Akitsushima and a Kawanishi H8K1 flying boat at Shortland Island, 1942.

Akitsushima was commissioned on 29 April 1942 and assigned to the 25th Air Flotilla, 11th Air Fleet. Two weeks later, she sailed to Saipan and Rabaul. After the U.S. invasion of Guadalcanal, Akitsushima arrived at the Shortland Islands on 16 August 1942. She was damaged by B-17E Flying Fortress bombers at Buka Island two weeks later.

Her repairs were completed on 5 January 1943, and she was dispatched to Kavieng, only to proceed to Jaluit Atoll in February. On 30 June 1943 she sailed to Paramushir for the evacuation of Kiska. She returned to Yokosuka in August and sailed via Shanghai to Truk. Here, she was slightly damaged by U.S. carrier planes which attacked Truk during Operation Hailstone. The following month, Akitsushima was assigned to the 14th Air Fleet and returned to Yokosuka for repairs. She also received repair ship facilities, because the repair ship Akashi had been sunk. Her refit was completed on 1 August 1944 and she was assigned to the 2nd Fleet.

In August 1944, she sailed to Kure and Imari, then to Kaohsiung and Manila, finally arriving at Coron Bay on 23 September 1944. Here she was sunk by aircraft of Task Force 38 the following day. Akitsushima was officially decommissioned on 10 November 1944.

Ships in class

Ship #	Ship	Builder	Laid down	Launched	Completed	Fate
131	Akitsushima (秋津州)^[1]	Kawasaki Shipbuilding, Kōbe Shipyard	29 October 1940	25 July 1941	29 April 1942	Sunk by aircraft at Coron Bay 11°59′N 120°02′E / 11.983°N 120.033°E / 11.983; 120.033, 24 September 1944.
303	Chihaya (千早)	Kawasaki Shipbuilding, Kōbe Shipyard	25 July 1941			Construction stopped in Autumn 1942. Later scrapped.
5031 5032 5033						Cancelled on 5 May 1944.

Footnotes

↑ Meanings are the another name of the Japan in the Kojiki and the Man'yōshū.

Bibliography

"Rekishi Gunzō". , History of Pacific War Vol.62, Ships of The Imperial Japanese Forces, Gakken (Japan), January 2008, ISBN 978-4-05-605008-0
Model Art Extra No.537, Drawings of Imperial Japanese Naval Vessels Part-3, "Model Art Co. Ltd.". (Japan), May 1999
Collection of writings by Sizuo Fukui Vol.7, Stories of Japanese Aircraft Carriers, "Kōjinsha". (Japan), August 1996, ISBN 4-7698-0655-8
Ships of the World special issue Vol.40, History of Japanese Aircraft Carriers, "Kaijinsha". , (Japan), May 1994
The Maru Special, Japanese Naval Vessels No.25 Japanese seaplane tenders, "Ushio Shobō". (Japan), March 1979

Japanese auxiliary ship classes of World War II

Colliers and oilers	Notoro Ondo Sunosaki Ashizuri Kazahaya^S Hayasui^S Hario^S Muroto Teiyō Maru^S Ōse (ex-Dutch tanker Genota)^SC

Food supply ships	Mamiya^S Nosaki^S Kinesaki Irako^S Kurasaki^SC

Landing ships	No.1 No.101 Shinshū Maru^S (Army) SS (Army)

Armed merchant cruisers	Aikoku Maru^S Kongō Maru^S Noshiro Maru^S

Minelayers and cable layer	Tokiwa^SC Itsukushima^S Yaeyama^S Okinoshima^S Tsugaru^S Minoo^SC Shirataka^S Hatsutaka Tsubame Natsushima (1933) Sokuten (1938) Hirashima Ajiro^S Kamishima Hashima Sokuten (1913) Aux. No.1 Aux. No.101 (ex-HMS Barlight)^SC

Minesweepers	No.1 (1923) No.5 (1928) No.13 No.17 No.7 (1938) No.19 No.101 (ex-HMS Taitam and HMS Waglan)^C Aux. No.1 Aux. No.101 (ex-HNLMS DEFG-class) Aux. No.104 (ex-HNLMS DEFG-class)

Patrol boats	No.1^C No.31^C No.46^SC No.101 (ex-HMS Thracian)^SC No.102 (ex-USS Stewart)^SC No.103 (ex-USS Finch)^SC No.104 (ex-Dutch East Indies Valk and Arend)^C No.105 (ex-Philippine customs Arayat)^SC No.106 (ex-HNLMS Banckert (1929))^SCI No.107 (ex-USS Genesee)^SC No.109 (ex-Dutch East Indies Fazant)^SC Aux. No.1

Repair ships	Asahi^SC Akashi^S Hayase (ex-Chinese passenger Chin Kiang)^SC Hitonose (ex-ROCN Min Sheng)^SC

Seaplane tenders	Notoro Kamoi^SC Chitose Mizuho^S Nisshin^S Akitsushima^S Kamikawa Maru

Submarine chasers	No.1 No.3^S No.4 No.13 No.28 No.60 Aux. No.1 Aux. No.101 (ex-HNLMS Tjerimai)^SC Aux. No.102 (ex-HNLMS Ardjoeno class)^C Aux. No.103 (ex-HNLMS B1 class)^C Aux. No.111 (ex-HNLMS P13 or P14)^SC Aux. No.112 (ex-HNLMS A class)^C Aux. No.117 (ex-HNLMS Bantam)^C Aux. No.251 Aux. No.253^S

Submarine tenders	Komahashi^SC Jingei Taigei^S

Survey ships	Tsukushi^S Katsuriki^SC Hakusa (ex-China customs Fu Hsing)^SC

Target ships	Settsu^SC Yakaze^SC Hakachi^S Ōhama^S

Training ships	Fuji^SC Shikishima^SC Asama^SC Azuma^SC Kasuga^SC Atada (ex-ROCN Yat Sen)^SC

Others	Sōya (freighter)^SC Kashino (turret transporter)^S Ōtomari (icebreaker)^S Tategami (salvage tug) Kasashima (salvage tug) Miura (salvage tug) Kaiyō No.1 (oceanographic research ship) Asuka (traffic ship, ex-ROCN Yung Chien)^SC

S Single ship of class C Converted to ship type I Incomplete until the end of war

Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in September 1944

Shipwrecks	1 Sep: HMS Hurst Castle, Kehdingen, U-247 2 Sep: Empire Curzon, U-394 5 Sep: U-362 7 Sep: Shin'yō Maru, (incident), Westfalen 8 Sep: Rex 9 Sep: Sava, U-484 10 Sep: U-20, U-23 11 Sep: Giulio Cesare, U-19 12 Sep: USS Noa, Rakuyō Maru, Shikinami 13 Sep: USS Perry, USS Warrington 14 Sep: Irene Oldendorff 17 Sep: Un'yō 18 Sep: Gyōkū Maru, Jun'yō Maru 19 Sep: Isoshima;U-407, U-867 21 Sep: China Maru, Hōfuku Maru, Katsuriki, Satsuki 22 Sep: Drache 23 Sep: Taranto, U-859 24 Sep: Akitsushima, Siberia Maru, T-120, Yaeyama 25 Sep: USS Miantonomah 26 Sep: Aotaka, Saga, U-871 27 Sep: HMS Rockingham, Ural Maru 28 Sep: Dragoner 29 Sep: U-863 30 Sep: U-565, U-596, U-1062 Unknown date: U-703, U-855, U-865, U-921

Other incidents	12 Sep: USS Fullam 14 Sep: USS Natchez, USS Temptress 15 Sep: Tirpitz 19 Sep: Jingei, U-565 24 Sep: U-565, U-596 26 Sep: Don Marquis Unknown date: Schwabenland

1943 1944 1945 August 1944 October 1944

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