Internet in Turkey

The Internet in Turkey has been available to the public since 1993, although experimentation at Ege University started in 1987. The first available connections were dial-up. Cable Internet has been available since 1998 and ADSL since 2001.

Currently Türk Telekom's TTNET ADSL2+ service is the most widely used Internet service in Turkey, offering speeds from 8 Mbit/s to 24 Mbit/s. TTNET offers VDSL2 service with speeds at 25 Mbit/s to 100 Mbit/s as well.[1] Alternative broadband companies, while mostly still using TTNET infrastructure, such as SmileADSL and Biri are also available. Superonline is offering fibre broadband in limited areas in 12 cities, though the company is enlarging at a healthy pace. They currently offer up to 1000 Mbit/s speeds. Furthermore, relatively wide but not universal coverage of cable Internet is maintained by UyduNET, offering speeds from 10 Mbit/s to 100 Mbit/s.

In March 2012, TTNet and Superonline, which between themselves provide the bulk of Turkish broadband Internet access, have started applying "fair use" policies (known with the Turkish abbreviations AKK for "Adil Kullanım Koşulları" and AKN for "Adil Kullanım Noktası") that are overly restrictive in terms of the allowed download and upload quotas. Most accounts are allotted 50 GB download (and 10 GB upload) quotas, after which the bandwidth is reduced 10-fold, down to 3 Mbit/s. Some users have reported that their broadband speeds were reduced in six days into the month. Both companies have been under heavy criticism for their "fair use" policies.

TTNET's monopoly and perceived excessive pricing have received numerous criticisms from users over the years.

According to TÜSİAD, Turkey has 36 million active Internet users with 10 million active e-commerce users.[2] The penetration and the usage of credit cards are very high in Turkey. However development of alternative payment systems will be helpful both by facilitating the shopping of the consumers owning credit cards and by familiarizing non-credit card holders with the e-commerce.

Internet Entrepreneurship in Turkey, also called "Digital Bosporus"[3] has reached several exits in last years. The biggest three of them have been Yemeksepeti,[4] Gittigidiyor[5] and Markafoni.[6] According to Sina Afra, the potential of the Turkish Internet market is bigger than in many other European countries.[7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://www.ttnet.com.tr/web/234-1196-1-1/tur/evde_ttnet/baglanti_cesitleri_-_vdsl2/kisaca Archived January 30, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
  2. ↑ "Turkish Internet Report". TÜSİAD. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
  3. ↑ "Digital Bosporus". Sina Afra. Retrieved 8 October 2016.
  4. ↑ "Yemeksepeti sold". Milliyet. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
  5. ↑ "Gittigidiyor sold to eBay". Techcrunch. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
  6. ↑ "Markafoni acquired by Naspers". Techcrunch. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
  7. ↑ "Future of Turkish Internet". sinaafra.com. Retrieved 9 October 2016.


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