Hannibal (horse)

Hannibal
Sire	Driver (Egremont's)
Grandsire	Trentham
Dam	Fractious
Damsire	Mercury
Sex	Stallion
Foaled	1801
Country	United Kingdom
Colour	Bay
Breeder	Lord Egremont
Owner	Lord Egremont
Trainer	F. Neale
Record	5:1-2-2
Major wins
Epsom Derby (1804)

Hannibal (1801 – c. 1806) was a Thoroughbred racehorse that won the 1804 Epsom Derby. Hannibal raced until he was four-years-old, winning only one race over his two-year racing career. His breeder, Lord Egremont, won the Derby five times and Hannibal's victory was his third time winning the event. Hannibal retired from racing in 1806 and had a limited stud career, covering few mares and standing for only the 1806 breeding season at Lord Egremont's stud in Petworth.

Background

Hannibal was foaled in 1801 at Lord Egremont's estate Petworth House. Egremont's Driver, Hannibal's sire, was bred by Lord Egremont and was described as a "tolerable runner."^[1] Hannibal's dam, Fractious (foaled in 1792), was also bred by Lord Egremont. Hannibal was Fractious' fourth foal and one of seven by Driver. Fractious produced fifteen foals between 1798 and 1816.^[2] Fractious is present in the female-line of the influential broodmare Pocahontas and was her fifth-dam through Fractious' daughter Amazon.

Racing career

Hannibal did not race as a two-year-old, and his first race was in the 1804 Epsom Derby. Hannibal was trained by F. Neale at Newmarket.^[3] In his career, he started five times, winning only the Derby.

1804: three-year-old season

Sancho (foreground) leading Hannibal in a 26 July 1805 match race held at Brighton. This was the last start of Hannibal's racing career.

Hannibal's first start was in the Epsom Derby held on 17 May with a field of eight horses. Hannibal started at 3 to 1 odds and won the 1650-guinea race, with Mr. Wilson's colt by Waxy second and Mr. Dawson's colt Hippocampus third.^[4] Lord Egremont won the Derby for the second time with Hannibal, having won in 1782 with Assassin.^[5] He won the Derby three more times, with Cardinal Beaufort the next year, Election in 1807 and with Lap-dog in 1826.^[5]

At Ascot in June, Hannibal received a 50-guinea forfeiture from Mr. Warrington after his colt by Guildford withdrew from a match race.^[6] Hannibal was third in the Pavilion Stakes held at Brighthelmston on 28 July, losing to the colt Enterprise and a colt by Waxy.^[7] Hannibal was beaten by Hippocampus a few days later in a 650-guinea sweepstakes race whilst carrying seven more pounds than Hippocampus as a handicap for his Derby win.^[8]

1805: four-year-old season

Hannibal ran twice in 1805. At the First Spring meeting in Newmarket in April, Hannibal finished third in the New Claret Stakes losing to Lord Darlington's colt Pavilion and Mr. Mellish's colt Sancho.^[9] In the last start of his career on 26 July at Brighton, Hannibal participated in a match race against Mr. Mellish's colt Sancho.^[10] The odds were 11 to 10 against Hannibal for the 1,000-guinea race. Sancho was ridden by Francis Buckle and quickly took the lead in the mile-long race, winning easily and was never challenged by Hannibal in the race.^[11] The running was described as "a great betting race"^[11] and an engraving of the match (right) was commissioned from a painting by John Nott Sartorius and published in Volume 28 of the Sporting Magazine.^[12]

Season at stud

Hannibal retired from racing at the end of the 1805 season and was listed in the Racing Calendar as a breeding stallion for the 1806 season (from 1 February to 14 July) at Lord Egremont's Petworth House stud. At Petworth, he stood for a 5-guinea per mare stud fee and 1-guinea groom's fee alongside the stallions Gohanna, Bobtail and Brother to Driver.^[13] Hannibal does not appear in the 1807 stallion register for Petworth or any other stud farm, suggesting that he died early in the 1806 breeding season or was sold for other purposes.

The General Stud Book reports Hannibal covering only three mares in 1806: Martha, Lord Grosvenor's mare Ariadne^[14] and Quiz (full-sister to Wowski, Smolensko's dam)^[15] before Ariadne and Quiz were sent to the West Indies. The only foal recorded for Hannibal in the General Stud Book is the chestnut filly, Hannah, produced by Martha (by Woodpecker) in 1807.^[16] Hannah raced until she was four-years-old, winning several races. Hannah by Hannibal does not appear in subsequent editions of the General Stud Book and does not appear to have produced any registered offspring. Carthaginian, who was later gelded, was another of Hannibal's offspring that also raced, but his dam was not identified in the racing literature and he does not appear in the General Stud Book.

Pedigree

Pedigree of Hannibal (GB), Bay Colt, 1804^[17]
Sire Driver (Egremont's) (GB) Brown, 1783	Trentham 1766	Gowers Sweepstakes	Gower Stallion
		Gowers Sweepstakes	Brown Crofts
		Miss South	South
		Miss South	Young Cartouch Mare
	Coquette 1765	Compton Barb	Unknown
		Compton Barb	Unknown
		Sister to Regulus	Godolphin Arabian
		Sister to Regulus	Grey Robinson
Dam Fractious Bay, 1792	Mercury 1778	Eclipse	Marske
		Eclipse	Spilletta
		Tartar Mare	Tartar
		Tartar Mare	Sister to Mogul Mare
	Woodpecker Mare 1785	Woodpecker	Herod
		Woodpecker	Miss Ramsden
		Everlasting	Eclipse
		Everlasting	Hyaena

References

↑ Taplin, William (1803). The sporting dictionary and rural repository of general information. London: Vernor and Hood. p. 214.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1832). "Fractious". The General Stud-book. 1–2: 375.
↑ Black, Robert (1893). Horse-racing in England : a synoptical review. London: Richard Bently and Son. p. 248.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1804). "Epsom". The Racing Calendar. 32: 31–32.
1 2 Rice, James (1879). History of the British Turf, Volume 2. London: S. Low, Marston, Searle, and Rivington. p. 372.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1804). "Ascot". The Racing Calendar. 32: 39.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1804). "Brighthelmston". The Racing Calendar. 32: 70.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1804). "Brighthelmston". The Racing Calendar. 32: 72.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1805). "Newmarket". The Racing Calendar. 33: 18.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1805). "Brighton". The Racing Calendar. 33: 71.
1 2 Staff (1805). "Brighthelmston". Sporting Magazine. 26: 40.
↑ Staff (1806). "Sancho beating Hannibal". Sporting Magazine. 28: 56.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1805). "Advertisements of stallions". The Racing Calendar. 33: 392.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1832). "Ariadne". The General Stud-book. 1–2: 159.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1832). "Quiz". The General Stud-book. 1–2: 467.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1832). "Martha". The General Stud-book. 1–2: 426.
↑ Staff. "Hannibal 5x Pedigree". Retrieved 25 January 2012.

Epsom Derby winners

1780 Diomed 1781 Young Eclipse 1782 Assassin 1783 Saltram 1784 Serjeant 1785 Aimwell 1786 Noble 1787 Sir Peter Teazle 1788 Sir Thomas 1789 Skyscraper 1790 Rhadamanthus 1791 Eager 1792 John Bull 1793 Waxy 1794 Daedalus 1795 Spread Eagle 1796 Didelot 1797 colt by Fidget 1798 Sir Harry 1799 Archduke 1800 Champion 1801 Eleanor ♥ 1802 Tyrant 1803 Ditto 1804 Hannibal 1805 Cardinal Beaufort 1806 Paris 1807 Election 1808 Pan 1809 Pope 1810 Whalebone 1811 Phantom 1812 Octavius 1813 Smolensko 1814 Blucher 1815 Whisker 1816 Prince Leopold 1817 Azor 1818 Sam 1819 Tiresias 1820 Sailor 1821 Gustavus 1822 Moses 1823 Emilius 1824 Cedric 1825 Middleton 1826 Lap-dog 1827 Mameluke 1828 Cadland 1829 Frederick 1830 Priam 1831 Spaniel 1832 St. Giles 1833 Dangerous 1834 Plenipotentiary 1835 Mundig 1836 Bay Middleton 1837 Phosphorus 1838 Amato 1839 Bloomsbury 1840 Little Wonder 1841 Coronation 1842 Attila 1843 Cotherstone 1844 Orlando 1845 The Merry Monarch 1846 Pyrrhus The First 1847 Cossack 1848 Surplice 1849 The Flying Dutchman 1850 Voltigeur 1851 Teddington 1852 Daniel O'Rourke 1853 West Australian ₩ 1854 Andover 1855 Wild Dayrell 1856 Ellington 1857 Blink Bonny ♥ 1858 Beadsman 1859 Musjid 1860 Thormanby 1861 Kettledrum 1862 Caractacus 1863 Macaroni 1864 Blair Athol 1865 Gladiateur ₩ 1866 Lord Lyon ₩ 1867 Hermit 1868 Blue Gown 1869 Pretender 1870 Kingcraft 1871 Favonius 1872 Cremorne 1873 Doncaster 1874 George Frederick 1875 Galopin 1876 Kisber 1877 Silvio 1878 Sefton 1879 Sir Bevys 1880 Bend Or 1881 Iroquois 1882 Shotover ♥ 1883 St. Blaise 1884 St. Gatien Harvester 1885 Melton 1886 Ormonde ₩ 1887 Merry Hampton 1888 Ayrshire 1889 Donovan 1890 Sainfoin 1891 Common ₩ 1892 Sir Hugo 1893 Isinglass ₩ 1894 Ladas 1895 Sir Visto 1896 Persimmon 1897 Galtee More ₩ 1898 Jeddah 1899 Flying Fox ₩ 1900 Diamond Jubilee ₩ 1901 Volodyovski 1902 Ard Patrick 1903 Rock Sand ₩ 1904 St. Amant 1905 Cicero 1906 Spearmint 1907 Orby 1908 Signorinetta ♥ 1909 Minoru 1910 Lemberg 1911 Sunstar 1912 Tagalie ♥ 1913 Aboyeur 1914 Durbar 1915 Pommern ₩ 1916 Fifinella ♥ 1917 Gay Crusader ₩ 1918 Gainsborough ₩ 1919 Grand Parade 1920 Spion Kop 1921 Humorist 1922 Captain Cuttle 1923 Papyrus 1924 Sansovino 1925 Manna 1926 Coronach 1927 Call Boy 1928 Felstead 1929 Trigo 1930 Blenheim 1931 Cameronian 1932 April the Fifth 1933 Hyperion 1934 Windsor Lad 1935 Bahram ₩ 1936 Mahmoud 1937 Mid-day Sun 1938 Bois Roussel 1939 Blue Peter 1940 Pont l'Eveque 1941 Owen Tudor 1942 Watling Street 1943 Straight Deal 1944 Ocean Swell 1945 Dante 1946 Airborne 1947 Pearl Diver 1948 My Love 1949 Nimbus 1950 Galcador 1951 Arctic Prince 1952 Tulyar 1953 Pinza 1954 Never Say Die 1955 Phil Drake 1956 Lavandin 1957 Crepello 1958 Hard Ridden 1959 Parthia 1960 St Paddy 1961 Psidium 1962 Larkspur 1963 Relko 1964 Santa Claus 1965 Sea Bird 1966 Charlottown 1967 Royal Palace 1968 Sir Ivor 1969 Blakeney 1970 Nijinsky ₩ 1971 Mill Reef 1972 Roberto 1973 Morston 1974 Snow Knight 1975 Grundy 1976 Empery 1977 The Minstrel 1978 Shirley Heights 1979 Troy 1980 Henbit 1981 Shergar 1982 Golden Fleece 1983 Teenoso 1984 Secreto 1985 Slip Anchor 1986 Shahrastani 1987 Reference Point 1988 Kahyasi 1989 Nashwan 1990 Quest for Fame 1991 Generous 1992 Dr Devious 1993 Commander in Chief 1994 Erhaab 1995 Lammtarra 1996 Shaamit 1997 Benny the Dip 1998 High-Rise 1999 Oath 2000 Sinndar 2001 Galileo 2002 High Chaparral 2003 Kris Kin 2004 North Light 2005 Motivator 2006 Sir Percy 2007 Authorized 2008 New Approach 2009 Sea the Stars 2010 Workforce 2011 Pour Moi 2012 Camelot 2013 Ruler of the World 2014 Australia 2015 Golden Horn 2016 Harzand

Legend - ₩ = Triple Crown Winners, ♥ = Filly

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