Grace Mugabe

Grace Mugabe

Mugabe in 2013
First Lady of Zimbabwe
Assumed office
17 August 1996
Preceded by Sally Hayfron
Personal details
Born (1965-07-23) 23 July 1965
Benoni, South Africa
Political party Zimbabwe African National
Union-Patriotic Front
Spouse(s) Stanley Goreraza (Divorced)
Robert Mugabe (1996–present)
Children Russell (with Stanley)
Bona (with Robert)
Robert (with Robert)
Chatunga (with Robert)
Religion Roman Catholicism

Grace Mugabe (née Marufu, 23 July 1965)[1] is the wife of Zimbabwe President Robert Mugabe and the First Lady of Zimbabwe from her marriage to the leader in 1996.[2]

Grace was born in Benoni in South Africa, and her family lived in South Africa until 1970.[3] She was previously married to Stanley Goreraza, an air force pilot, who is defence attaché at the Zimbabwe embassy in China.[4][5] As secretary to the president, she became his mistress while still married to Goreraza and together they had two children, Bona, named after Mugabe's mother, and Robert Peter, Jr.[6] The couple were married in an extravagant Catholic Mass, titled the "Wedding of the Century" by the Zimbabwe press, after the death of Mugabe's first wife, Sally Hayfron.[6][7]

In 1997, Grace Mugabe gave birth to the couple's third child, Chatunga.[8]

In 2014, Grace Mugabe was given a doctorate in sociology by the University of Zimbabwe, only two months after registering at the university and although a dissertation does not exist. The degree was widely described as fraudulent.[9][10][11][12][13][14] Grace Mugabe is under personal sanctions in the European Union and the United States for her role in the Mugabe regime.

Grace Mugabe was designated as head of the ZANU-PF Women's League in 2014.

Grace Mugabe has been seen for the first time at the Politburo meeting.

ZANU-PF

In late 2014, Grace Mugabe was fiercely critical of Vice-President Joice Mujuru, who was alleged to have plotted against President Mugabe. Ultimately the accusations against Mujuru resulted in Mujuru being eliminated as a candidate to succeed Mugabe and effectively becoming an outcast within ZANU-PF by the time it held a party congress in December 2014. Meanwhile, Grace Mugabe's political prominence increased. She was nominated as head of the ZANU-PF Women's League, and delegates to the party congress approved her nomination by acclamation on 6 December 2014. In becoming head of the women's league, she also became a member of the ZANU-PF Politburo.[15]

Sanctions

After observers from the European Union were barred from examining Zimbabwe's 2002 elections, the EU imposed sanctions on 20 members of the Zimbabwe leadership and then, in July, extended them to include Grace Mugabe and 51 others, banning them from travelling to participating countries and freezing any assets held there. The United States instituted similar restrictions.[16]

Controversies

Real estate

During her tenure as first lady, Grace Mugabe has overseen the construction of two palaces. The first, referred to commonly as "Gracelands", became controversial for its extravagance, and Grace Mugabe later explained that she had paid for its construction with her own personal savings.[6] It was later sold to Muammar Gaddafi of Libya. The second, completed in 2007, was reported to have cost $26 million to construct and to have been funded by the ZANU-PF party as thanks for Robert Mugabe's political service.[17]

In 2002, Grace Mugabe toured farm properties in Zimbabwe, looking for a new location for herself and her family. She chose the Iron Mask Estate, which had been previously owned by farmers John and Eva Matthews.[18]

The first family owns property in Malaysia, and in early 2008, it was reported that Grace Mugabe hoped to move there with her children. The intention behind the move was to escape the stress of leadership and to address fears that the first family faces assassination.[19] Recent reports indicate that she acquired property holdings in Hong Kong, including a diamond cutting business and a bolt-hole at House Number Three, JC Castle, 18 Shan Tong Road, Tai Po, New Territories.[20] The media speculates that this property acquisition is intended as both a weekend getaway pad for their daughter Bona who is studying at the University of Hong Kong under an assumed name[21] and that she and her husband expect to escape to China should they be ousted from power in Zimbabwe.

Diamond trade allegations and lawsuit

In December 2010 US diplomatic cables released by WikiLeaks brought up again earlier allegations[22] that high-ranking Zimbabwean government officials and well-connected elites, including Mugabe's wife Grace, are generating millions of dollars in personal income by hiring teams of diggers to hand-extract diamonds from the Chiadzwa mine in eastern Zimbabwe.[23][24] Grace Mugabe is currently suing a Zimbabwean newspaper over its reporting of claims released by Wikileaks she had made "tremendous profits" from the country's diamond mines. The president's wife is demanding $15m (£9.6m) from the Standard newspaper.[25]

Shopping

Grace Mugabe is known for her lavish lifestyle. The Daily Telegraph called her "notorious at home for her profligacy" in coverage of a 2003 trip to Paris,[26] during which she was reported as spending £75,000 (approx US$120,000) in a short shopping spree; and in the years leading up to 2004 withdrew over £5 million from the Central Bank of Zimbabwe.[19][27] In Zimbabwe she is known sarcastically as "DR Amai" in reference to her Doctorate degree which she was given by her husband, Robert Mugabe. When Grace Mugabe was included in the 2002 sanctions, one EU parliamentarian said that the ban would "stop Grace Mugabe going on her shopping trips in the face of catastrophic poverty blighting the people of Zimbabwe."[28] She faces similar sanctions in the United States.[1]

Assault on photographer

The Times reported on 18 January 2009 that, while on a shopping trip in Hong Kong, where her daughter Bona Mugabe is a university student,[29] Mugabe ordered her bodyguard to assault a Times photographer Richard Jones outside her luxury hotel. She then joined in the attack, punching Jones repeatedly in the face while wearing diamond encrusted rings, causing him cuts and abrasions.[30][31] She was subsequently granted immunity from prosecution 'under Chinese diplomatic rules' because of her status as Mugabe's wife.[32]

Daughter's controversies in Hong Kong

Early reports indicated Bona Mugabe was a student at the University of Hong Kong.[33] A protest started on the University of Zimbabwe campus on 3 February 2009 resulting in about 30 students needing medical treatment including police forces being used against defenceless citizens and harassments of students.[34] Zimbabwe students were protesting to the P. R. Chinese embassy that Bona Mugabe should return home to Zimbabwe and study in the same conditions as her peers.[33] Colleges and universities in Zimbabwe have failed to open at some point in 2008 due to dollarisation of fees and other economic problems.[35]

On 17 February the University of Hong Kong distanced itself from the controversy, denying a report that she was a student there. The school statement said "We do not have a student by the name of Bona Mugabe on our student register, and we do not have any lady student from Zimbabwe who is reading for an undergraduate programme or is at the age of around 20."[33] Subsequent reports clarified that Bona is in fact enrolled in a second school, the City University of Hong Kong,[36] which said she met normal admission requirements and her enrollment was not influenced by her parentage. Due to the attention surrounding Robert Mugabe's daughters her family enlisted the help of a female ex-government official to provide safety and supervision during her time in Hong Kong.[37]

According to Vice chairperson of the HK democratic party Emily Lau said the government should study whether to follow international practice in barring certain foreign politicians as many people might be looking at buying properties, investments or education in Hong Kong.[38] Lee Wing-tat said Beijing should be making the decision since this was a foreign affair.[38] Spokesperson Jiang Yu from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China said she was not aware of the Mugabes' alleged house purchase in Hong Kong and would not comment further.[37] A professor at the University of HK said Beijing was trying to stay out of the controversy.[38] The Beijing central government dismissed the concerns, adding that Falun Gong members were allowed to buy properties in Hong Kong.[38]

Education

Controversy ensued when Grace Mugabe was given a doctoral degree in sociology in September 2014 from the University of Zimbabwe two months after entering the program. She was awarded the degree by her husband and University Chancellor Robert Mugabe. Her doctoral thesis is not available in the University archive and she has faced calls to return her PhD.[39] This caused backlash in the Zimbabwean academic community, with some commenting that this could harm the reputation of the University.[10][11][12]

References

  1. 1 2 "Executive Order: Blocking Property Of Persons Undermining Democratic Processes Or Institutions In Zimbabwe". 7 March 2003. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  2. ↑ Verkaik, Robert (6 April 2008). "The love that made Robert Mugabe a monster". The Independent. London. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  3. ↑ Smith, David (15 July 2015). "Don't mess with Grace Mugabe – she could be the next president of Zimbabwe". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
  4. ↑ Chinamano, Roy. "Mugabe will not accept defeat – Grace". Zimbabwe Metro. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  5. ↑ "Affair with president's wife costs Zim tycoon". ZWNews.com. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  6. 1 2 3 Meldrum, Andrew (2004). Where We Have Hope: A Memoir of Zimbabwe. Atlantic Monthly Press. ISBN 978-0-871-13896-5.
  7. ↑ Chikaya, Chicko. "A brief history about Grace Mugabe". Harare Tribune. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  8. ↑ Winter, Joseph (10 May 2000). "Mugabe: Freedom fighter turned autocrat". BBC News. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  9. ↑ "Call for Zimbabwe's Grace Mugabe to return PhD". BBC News. 1 Oct 2014. Retrieved 19 Dec 2014.
  10. 1 2 Mambo, Elias (19 September 2014). "Zimbabwe: Grace Mugabe's PhD Scandal Torches Storm". Zimbabwe Independent. Harare. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  11. 1 2 Jesaro, May (16 September 2014). "Zimbabwe's First Lady Grace Mugabe, awarded PhD, two months after enrollment". Standard Digital. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  12. 1 2 Iaccino, Ludovica (15 September 2014). "Zimbabwe: Grace Mugabe Awarded PhD in Two Months from University where President Mugabe is Chancellor". International Business Times. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  13. ↑ Nleya, Feluna (13 September 2014). "It's now Dr Grace and Dr Mujuru!". NewsDay. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  14. ↑ Gagare, Owen (24 October 2014). "Grace PhD fraud: Interview sheds light". The Zimbabwe Independent. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  15. ↑ "Zimbabwe's ruling ZANU-PF confirms Mugabe's wife as women's head". Harare. Reuters. 6 December 2014.
  16. ↑ "Mugabe's wife on EU sanctions list". BBC News. 22 July 2002. Retrieved 28 Sep 2009.
  17. ↑ Chappell, Anne (2 November 2007). "The Palace of President Mugabe of Zimbabwe". Newsvine. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  18. ↑ Thornycroft, Peta (20 August 2002). "Mugabe's wife to move into white couple's farm". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  19. 1 2 Peta, Basildon (7 April 2008). "Mugabe demands vote recount as 'war veterans' arm for battle". The Independent. London. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  20. ↑ Swain, Jon. "Grasping Grace puts diamond business on her shopping list". The Sunday Times. London. Retrieved 15 February 2009.
  21. ↑ Sapa-dpa (15 February 2009). "Mugabe's daughter 'studying in Hong Kong'". IOL News. Retrieved 15 February 2009.
  22. ↑ Tran, Mark (14 June 2010). "Zimbabwe rulers running diamond trade with 'corruption and violence'". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 December 2010.
  23. ↑ Sguazzin, Antony; Latham, Brian (10 December 2010). "Zimbabwe's Political Elite Profited From Gems, WikiLeaks Says". Bloomberg. Retrieved 15 December 2010.
  24. ↑ McGee, James D. (12 November 2008). "Regime Elites Looting Deadly Diamond Field". WikiLeaks. WikiLeaks cable: 08HARARE1016. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
  25. ↑ "Wikileaks: Grace Mugabe sues over diamond claims". BBC News. 16 December 2010. Retrieved 12 January 2011.
  26. ↑ Delves Broughton, Philip (2 February 2003). "Truffle dinners for £190 at the Mugabes' glittering hideaway". Telegraph.
  27. ↑ "Mugabe Trebles His Pay". The Sunday Mirror. 28 March 2004. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  28. ↑ "Mugabe's wife on EU sanctions list". BBC News. 22 July 2002. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  29. ↑ Parry, Simon (25 January 2009). "Mugabe's daughter studying at HKU under alias". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 27 January 2009.
  30. ↑ Swain, Jon (18 January 2009). "Mrs Mugabe assaults our photographer outside her luxury Hong Kong hotel". The Times. London. Retrieved 19 January 2009.
  31. ↑ Brook, Sally (4 March 2004). "Gucci Grace blows £75k". The Sun.
  32. ↑ "No attack charges for Mugabe wife". BBC News. 22 March 2009. Retrieved 22 March 2009.
  33. 1 2 3 "Mugabe's Bona at HK varsity?". News24. 17 February 2009. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
  34. ↑ "Zimbabwe students riot over Bona Mugabe". Zimdiaspora.com. 15 February 2009. Archived from the original on 1 August 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
  35. ↑ Parry, Simon (15 February 2009). "Zimbabwean students' union urges HK to deport Bona Mugabe". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
  36. ↑ "非 洲 獨 裁 者 女 兒 是 城 大 生 港 大 擺 烏 龍 澄 清 無 此 人". Hong Kong Apple Daily. Retrieved 17 February 2009.
  37. 1 2 "Miss Mugabe in HK?". iafrica.com. 17 February 2009. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
  38. 1 2 3 4 Wong, Albert; Li, Raymond; Leung, Ambrose (17 February 2009). "Why can't Mugabe buy a flat in HK, asks Beijing". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
  39. ↑ "Call for Zimbabwe's Grace Mugabe to return PhD". 1 October 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.


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