Gokyo Lakes

Gokyo Lakes

Gokyo Lake
Location Solukhumbu District
Coordinates 27°58′49″N 86°40′07″E / 27.98028°N 86.66861°E / 27.98028; 86.66861Coordinates: 27°58′49″N 86°40′07″E / 27.98028°N 86.66861°E / 27.98028; 86.66861
Basin countries Nepal
Surface area 196.2 hectares (485 acres)
Surface elevation 4,700–5,000 m (15,400–16,400 ft)

Gokyo Lakes are oligotrophic lakes in Nepal's Sagarmatha National Park, located at an altitude of 4,700–5,000 m (15,400–16,400 ft) above sea level. These lakes are the world’s highest freshwater lake system comprising six main lakes, of which Thonak Lake is the largest.[1] In September 2007, Gokyo and associated wetlands of 7,770 ha (30.0 sq mi) have been designated a Ramsar site.[2]

Lake system

Gokyo third lake in frozen condition
Gokyo lake viewed from Gokyo

Gokyo lakes are located in Khumjung Village Development Committee of Solukhumbu District in Sagarmatha Zone in north-eastern Nepal. Gokyo Cho, also called Dudh Pokhari, is the main lake with an area of 42.9 ha (106 acres), and the village of Gokyo lies on its eastern shore. Thonak Cho is the largest lake with an area of 65.07 ha (160.8 acres). Gyazumpa Cho is 29 ha (72 acres) in size, followed by Tanjung Cho with an area of 16.95 ha (41.9 acres), and Ngojumba Cho with an area of 14.39 ha (35.6 acres). As sources of permanent fresh water they have high hydrological value. They feed on waters from various sources, such as seepage from the Ngozumpa glacier, a stream coming from the Renjo La pass from north-west and another stream originating from the Ngozumpa glacier in the east. These are glacier-fed freshwater wetlands and discharge water to the Dudh Kosi headway via the Taujon Lake and the Longabanga Lake. These lakes are deeper than previously assumed by the researchers. Fourth Lake (Thonak Cho) is the deepest lake (62.4m) followed by the Gokyo Lake which is 43 m.[3] A direct connection between the Gokyo Lake and the upper Thonak Cho and the Ngozumpa Cho has not been observed, but these lakes may be connected via underground seepage water. The Gokyo lake system is naturally vulnerable, as it is lying in an ecologically fragile and unstable zone. The outburst of Ngozumpa glacier is always a threat to the existence of the lakes.[4]

The Gokyo lake system of 19 lakes is spread over an area of 196.2 ha (485 acres) lying between 4,600 and 5,100 m (15,100 and 16,700 ft). The wetland lies on the head of the Dudh Kosi, which descends from Cho Oyu.[5]

Religious significance

The Gokyo Lakes are considered sacred by both Hindus and Buddhists. About 500 Hindus take a holy bath in the lakes during the Janai Purnima festival, which usually occurs in the month of August. On an average 7,000 tourists annually visit the Gokyo Lakes.[4] The site is worshipped as the residing place of ‘Nag Devata’ (Snake God); a temple of the Hindu deities Lords Vishnu and Shiva is situated at the western corner of the lake. The belief that birds and wildlife in the area should not be harmed has traditionally protected fauna.[1]

Tourism

Gokyo is among the most popular tourist destinations leading towards the Sagarmatha base camp and other areas.[1] Gokyo village at 4,790 metres (15,720 ft) elevation is a major centre in the area. The site is two days walk uphill from Namche Bazaar.[6] A visit to the area often includes climbing Gokyo Ri.

The Gokyo Lakes are also part of an extended Everest Base Camp trek known as the EBC trek via Gokyo Lakes. This trek is commonly hiked by people with slightly more time to trek as the trail is 4 days longer than the standard EBC trek. The Gokyo Lakes trek also has the added benefit of being a circular route as opposed to the standard EBC trek which returns along the same trail.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Bhuju, U.R., Shakya, P.R., Basnet, T.B., Shrestha, S. (2007). Nepal Biodiversity Resource Book. Protected Areas, Ramsar Sites, and World Heritage Sites. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, in cooperation with United Nations Environment Programme, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. Kathmandu, Nepal. ISBN 978-92-9115-033-5
  2. ↑ Bhandari, B. B. (2009). Wise use of Wetlands in Nepal. Banko Janakari, Special Issue February 2009: 10–17.
  3. ↑ Sharma, C. M., Sharma, S., Gurung, S., Bajracharya, R. M., Jüttner, I., Kang, S., Zhang, Q., Li, Q. (2012). First results on bathymetry and limnology of the Gokyo wetlands, high altitude tropical lakes, Nepal. Limnology 13:181–192.
  4. 1 2 WWF. "Terms Of Reference for Ascessing Vulnerability Of Sagarmatha National Park and Buffer Zone and Formulation Of The Community Based Adaptation Strategies" (PDF). WWF. Retrieved 2010-05-29.
  5. ↑ Karki, J. B., Siwakoti, M., Pradhan, N. S. (2007). "High altitude Ramsar sites in Nepal: Criteria and future ahead". The Initiation. Retrieved 2010-05-29.
  6. ↑ Wildlife Extra (2008). "Four New High Altitude RAMSAR Sites Created in Nepal". Wildlife Extra, January 2008.
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