Fricourt German war cemetery

Fricourt German War Cemetery
German War Graves Commission
(Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge)

Fricourt German war cemetery
Used for those deceased Sep 1914 - Oct 1918
Established Concentration cemetery. 1920 onwards
Location 50°0′16″N 2°42′55″E / 50.00444°N 2.71528°E / 50.00444; 2.71528Coordinates: 50°0′16″N 2°42′55″E / 50.00444°N 2.71528°E / 50.00444; 2.71528
near Albert, Somme, France
Total burials 17,027
Unknown burials 6,477
Burials by nation
Burials by war
Statistics source: Great War website

Fricourt German war cemetery is near the village of Fricourt, near Albert, in the French département of the Somme. Most of the fallen were members of the Imperial German 2nd Army. [1] Of the 17,000 burials, about 1,000 died in the autumn of 1914 and the ensuing trench warfare; about 10,000 during the Battle of the Somme (July-November 1916); and the final 6,000 in the Spring Offensive of 1918 and the ensuing Allied counter-attack, the Hundred Days Offensive.[1]

History

The cemetery was established by the French military authorities in 1920 and concentrates burials from "some 79 communes in the regions around Bapaume, Albert, Combles, the Ancre valley and Villers-Bretonneux". [1] About 5,000 of the burials are mostly in shared double graves; the remainder lie in four communal graves.[1]

Among those buried there at one time was the famous German fighter pilot Manfred von Richthofen, the Red Baron, who was killed on 21 April 1918 in aerial combat and buried with military honours by the Australians. Later his remains were transferred first to Fricourt, then to the Invalidenfriedhof Cemetery in Berlin, and finally to a family plot in Wiesbaden.

In 1929, the German War Graves Commission started working on the German military grave registration service and landscaping the cemetery. It received a new entrance with stairs and wrought-iron gate and trees and bushes were planted. The community graves got a verge made of natural stone and a planting with game roses. A wooden high cross served as a central mark; however a problem remained of a durable and long term marking for the graves. In 1939, the eruption of the Second World War saw a suspension of the Commission's work.[1]

After the conclusion of the French-German war grave agreement, from 19 July 1966 the German War Graves Commission could begin German military grave registration service with the final organization of the German military cemeteries in France dating from the First World War. Starting from 1977, the provisional wood grave markers were exchanged with those made of metal with raised names and dates, where possible. The German Federal Armed Forces took over the construction of the concrete foundations necessary for setting up the metal crosses, which were shifted mostly by participants in youth camps.

Architecture

Some 5,057 soldiers are buried in single graves, with 114 remaining unknown. Four communal graves contain 11,970 burials. There are also 14 graves for Jewish soldiers, marked with a headstone instead of a cross. The Hebrew characters mean "XXX rests buried" and "their soul may be enwoven into the circle of the living persons."

From the late 1960s to the early 1970s a fundamental change in the landscape gardening took place, which extended to the renewal of the hedge and the bricked edge of the community graves. New trees and shrubs were planted and the existing wooden high cross was replaced with one of forged steel.

See also

There are two British military cemeteries (CWGC) of World War I at the outskirts of Fricourt.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Article on Fricourt. Great War website
  2. ↑ Fricourt New Military Cemetery
  3. ↑ Fricourt British Cemetery (Bray Road)
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