Eburran industry

Eburran is the name of the East African tool assemblage dating from 13,000 and 9,000 BCE around Lake Nakuru in the Rift Valley in Kenya Tools using layers of obsidian volcanic glass at Gambles-Hola. The culture was a time known as "Kenyan Capsian" because the findings show connections with the North African Capsian trans-Saharan culture. It was also formerly called Kenyan Aurignacian. The assemblages, as recovered from Gamble's Cave and Nderit Drift, comprise large backed blades, crescentric microliths, burins, and end-scrapers.

Phase 1, ended around 12,000 years ago, associated with a short period of humid climate superseded by dry climate Phase 2, from around 9 to 10 000 years ago, the climate became very humid Phase 3, from around 8 000 years ago Phase 4, from around 6-7 000 years ago, with unevenly drier climate Phase 5, from around 5 000 years ago, the climate was much drier than now. During this last period Eburran tools are also found with ceramics and livestock. Eburran folk before phase 5 lived by hunting and gathering.

References

Kent, Susan (1998), Gender in African prehistory, Rowman Altamira, ISBN 9780761989684 Sinclair, Paul J. J. (1991), «Archaeology in Eastern Africa: An Overview of Current Chronological Issues», The Journal of African History 32 (2)