Daboia siamensis

Daboia siamensis
Specimen from Thailand
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Viperidae
Subfamily: Viperinae
Genus: Daboia
Binomial name
Daboia siamensis
(M.A. Smith, 1917)[2]
Synonyms
  • Vipera siamensis
    M.A. Smith, 1917
  • Coluber russelli siamensis
    — Ōshima, 1920
  • Vipera russelli limitis
    Mertens, 1927
  • Vipera russelli formosensis — Maki, 1931
  • Vipera russelii sublimitis Kopstein, 1936
  • Vipera russelii formosensis — Klemmer, 1963
  • Vipera russelii limitis
    — Klemmer, 1963
  • Vipera russelii siamensis
    — Klemmer, 1963
  • Viper russelli siamensis
    — Sakuragawa, 1979
  • Daboia (Daboia) russelli limitis — Obst, 1983
  • Daboia (Daboia) russelli siamensis — Obst, 1983
  • Vipera russelli siamensis
    — Nakada, Nakada, Ito &
    Inoue, 1984
  • Vipera russelli burmanus Muang Muang Aye In Gopalakrishnakone & Tan, 1987
  • Daboia russelli siamensis
    — Golay et al., 1993[3]
Common name: Eastern Russell's viper,[4] Siamese Russell's viper,[5] more.

Daboia siamensis is a venomous viper species that is endemic to parts of Southeast Asia, southern China and Taiwan.[2][3] It was formerly considered to be a subspecies of Daboia russelii (as Daboia russelli siamensis), but was elevated to species status in 2007.[2]

Description

Dorsally, the color pattern is the same as that of D. russelii, except that the color is more grayish or olive, with small spots between the large spot rows. The venter is suffused with gray posteriorly.[6]

Common names

Eastern Russell's viper,[4] Siamese Russell's viper.

Previously, other common names were used to describe subspecies that are now part of the synonymy of this form: Indonesian Russell's viper for "limitis", and Formosan Russell's viper for "formosensis".[5]

Geographic range

D. siamensis is found in Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, China (Guangxi, Guangdong), Taiwan and Indonesia (Endeh, Flores, east Java, Komodo, Lomblen Islands).[3]

Brown (1973) mentions that D. siamensis can also found in Vietnam, Laos and on the Indonesian island of Sumatra.[7] Ditmars (1937) reportedly received a specimen from Sumatra as well.[8] However, its distribution in the Indonesian archipelago is still being elucidated.[9]

Venom

A monovalent antivenin, called "Russell's Viper Antivenin", is made in Thailand by the Thai Red Cross to counteract the venom of this species.[4]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Wogan, G. (2012). "Daboia siamensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 Daboia siamensis at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 16 February 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. ISBN 1-893777-00-6.
  4. 1 2 3 Daboia russelii siamensis at Munich AntiVenom INdex (MAVIN). Accessed 23 October 2006.
  5. 1 2 Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. ISBN 0-8069-6460-X.
  6. ↑ Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Malabar, Florida: Krieger Publishing Company. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.
  7. ↑ Brown JH. 1973. Toxicology and Pharmacology of Venoms from Poisonous Snakes. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas. 184 pp. LCCCN 73-229. ISBN 0-398-02808-7.
  8. ↑ Ditmars RL. 1933. Reptiles of the World. Revised Edition. New York: The MacMillan Company. 329 pp. + 89 plates.
  9. ↑ Belt P, Warrell DA, Malhotra A, Wüster W, Thorpe RS. 1997. Russell's viper in Indonesia: snakebite and systematics. In: R.S. Thorpe, W. Wüster & A. Malhotra (Editors), Venomous Snakes: Ecology, Evolution and Snakebite. Clarendon Press, Oxford. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, No. 70: 219-234.

Further reading

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