Cynipini
| Cynipini | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Cynips sp. | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Cynipidae |
| Subfamily: | Cynipinae |
| Tribe: | Cynipini Leach, 1815 |
Cynipini is a tribe of gall wasps. These insects induce galls in plants of the beech and oak family, Fagaceae.[1] They are known commonly as the oak gall wasps.[2]
It is the largest cynipid tribe, with about 936[3] to 1000[2] recognized species, most of which are associated with oaks.[2] The tribe is mainly native to the Holarctic.[3]
Most of these wasps undergo cyclical parthenogenesis, sometimes reproducing sexually, and sometimes producing young without fertilization.[2]
Genera
Gall induced on Pyrenean oak Quercus pyrenaica by Andricus kollari
- Acraspis
- Amphibolips
- Andricus
- Aphelonyx
- Atrusca
- Barucynips[3]
- Belonocnema
- Biorhiza
- Callirhytis
- Cecinothofagus[4]
- Cerroneuroterus
- Chilaspis
- Coffeikokkos[5]
- Cyclocynips[2]
- Cycloneuroterus
- Cynips
- Disholcaspis
- Dryocosmus
- Eumayria
- Heteroecus
- Kinseyella
- Latuspina
- Loxaulus
- Neuroterus
- Odontocynips
- Paraulax[4]
- Philonix
- Plagiotrochus
- Pseudoneuroterus
- Rhodus
- Trichagalma
- Trigonaspis
- Zapatella
References
- ↑ Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., et al. (2009). Revision and phylogenetics of the genus Paraulax Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) with biological notes and description of a new tribe, a new genus, and five new species. Zootaxa 2200 1-40.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Melika, G., et al. (2013). A new genus of oak gallwasp, Cyclocynips Melika, Tang & Sinclair (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), with descriptions of two new species from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3630(3), 534-48.
- 1 2 3 Medianero, E. and J. L. Nieves-Aldrey. (2013). Barucynips panamensis, a new genus and species of oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) from Panama, and description of one new species of Coffeikokkos. ZooKeys (277), 25-46.
- 1 2 Nieves-Aldrey, JOSÉ LUIS, M. Hernández Nieves, and Johan AA Nylander. "Revision and phylogenetics of the genus Paraulax Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) with biological notes and description of a new tribe, a new genus, and five new species." Zootaxa 2200 (2009): 1-40.
- ↑ Pujade-Villar, J., et al. (2012). A new genus of oak gallwasp, Coffeikokkos Pujade-Villar & Melika, gen. n., with a description of a new species from Costa Rica (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). Zookeys (168), 19–29.
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