Corpus of Contemporary American English

The freely searchable 450-million-word Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) is the largest corpus of American English currently available, and the only publicly available corpus of American English to contain a wide array of texts from a number of genres.

It was created by Mark Davies, Professor of Corpus Linguistics at Brigham Young University.^[1]

Content

The corpus is composed of more than 450 million words from more than 160,000 texts, including 20 million words each year from 1990 to 2015. The most recent update was made in December 2015. The corpus is used by approximately tens of thousands of people each month, which may make it the most widely used "structured" corpus currently available.

For each year, the corpus is evenly divided between the five genres: spoken, fiction, popular magazines, newspapers, and academic journals. The texts come from a variety of sources:

Spoken: (85 million words) Transcripts of unscripted conversation from nearly 150 different TV and radio programs.
Fiction: (81 million words) Short stories and plays, first chapters of books 1990–present, and movie scripts.
Popular magazines: (86 million words) Nearly 100 different magazines, from a range of domains such as news, health, home and gardening, women's, financial, religion, and sports.
Newspapers: (81 million words) Ten newspapers from across the US, with text from different sections of the newspapers, such as local news, opinion, sports, and the financial section.
Academic Journals: (81 million words) Nearly 100 different peer-reviewed journals. These were selected to cover the entire range of the Library of Congress Classification system.

Queries

The interface is the same as the BYU-BNC interface for the 100 million word British National Corpus, the 100 million word TIME Magazine corpus, and the 400 million word Corpus of *Historical* American English (COHA), 1810s–2000s (see links below)
Queries by word, phrase, alternates, substring, part of speech, lemma, synonyms (see below), and customized lists (see below)
The corpus is tagged by CLAWS, the same part of speech tagger that was used for the BNC and the TIME corpus
Chart listings (totals for all matching forms in each genre or year, 1990–present, as well as for subgenres) and table listings (frequency for each matching form in each genre or year)
Full collocates searching (up to ten words left and right of node word)
Re-sortable concordances, showing the most common words/strings to the left and right of the searched word
Comparisons between genres or time periods (e.g. collocates of 'chair' in fiction or academic, nouns with 'break the [N]' in newspapers or academic, adjectives that occur primarily in sports magazines, or verbs that are more common 2005–2010 than previously)
One-step comparisons of collocates of related words, to study semantic or cultural differences between words (e.g. comparison of collocates of 'small' and 'little', or 'Democrats' and 'Republicans', or 'men' and 'women', or 'rob' vs 'steal')
Users can include semantic information from a 60,000 entry thesaurus directly as part of the query syntax (e.g. frequency and distribution of synonyms of 'beautiful', synonyms of 'strong' occurring in fiction but not academic, synonyms of 'clean' + noun ('clean the floor', 'washed the dishes')
Users can also create their own 'customized' word lists, and then re-use these as part of subsequent queries (e.g. lists related to a particular semantic category (clothes, foods, emotions), or a user-defined part of speech)
Note that the corpus is only available through the web interface, due to copyright restrictions.

References

↑ Kauhanen, Henri (2011-03-21). "The Corpus of Contemporary American English: Background and history". VARIENG. Retrieved 2011-10-13.

Bibliography

Davies, Mark (2010). "The Corpus of Contemporary American English as the First Reliable Monitor Corpus of English". Literary and Linguistic Computing. 25 (4): 447–65. doi:10.1093/llc/fqq018.
Bennett, Gena R. (2010). Using Corpora in the Language Learning Classroom: Corpus Linguistics for Teachers. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan. p. 144. ISBN 978-0-472-03385-0.
Davies, Mark (2010). "More than a peephole: Using large and diverse online corpora". International Journal of Corpus Linguistics. 15 (3): 405–11. doi:10.1075/ijcl.15.3.13dav.
Anderson, Wendy; Corbett, John (2009), Exploring English with Online Corpora, Palgrave Macmillan, p. 205, ISBN 978-0-230-55140-4
Davies, Mark (2009). "The 385+ Million Word Corpus of Contemporary American English (1990–present)". International Journal of Corpus Linguistics. John Benjamins Publishing Company. 14 (2): 159–190(32). doi:10.1075/ijcl.14.2.02dav.
Lindquist, Hans (2009). Corpus Linguistics and the Description of English. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-2615-1.
Davies, Mark (2005). "The advantage of using relational databases for large corpora: Speed, advanced queries, and unlimited annotation". International Journal of Corpus Linguistics. John Benjamins Publishing Company. 10 (3): 307–334(28). doi:10.1075/ijcl.10.3.02dav.

External links

Corpus linguistics

Text corpora, English	American National Corpus Bank of English Bergen Corpus of London Teenage Language British National Corpus Brown Corpus Buckeye Corpus Cambridge English Corpus Corpus of Contemporary American English Enron Corpus International Corpus of English Lancaster-Oslo-Bergen Corpus Oxford English Corpus PropBank Spoken English Corpus TIMIT VerbNet Wellington Corpus of Spoken New Zealand English

Text corpora, non-English	Bijankhan Corpus CHILDES Croatian Language Corpus Croatian National Corpus Europarl corpus German Reference Corpus Hamshahri Corpus National Corpus of Polish Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project Quranic Arabic Corpus Russian National Corpus Scottish Corpus of Texts and Speech Slovenian National Corpus TalkBank Tatoeba Tehran Monolingual Corpus Tekstaro de Esperanto Thesaurus Linguae Graecae

Organizations	BNC consortium COBUILD

Dictionaries of English

Old and Middle English	An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Dictionary of Old English Middle English Dictionary

Historic	Catholicon Anglicum (1483) The English Schoole-Master (1596) The New World of English Words (1658) A New English Dictionary (1702) An Universal Etymological English Dictionary (1721) A Dictionary of the English Language (1755) Webster's Dictionary (1828) Century Dictionary (1889–91)

American English	American Heritage Dictionary of American English Dictionary of American Regional English Imperial Dictionary New Oxford American Oxford American Random House Webster's Webster's New World Webster's Third New International Dictionary World Book Dictionary

British English	Chambers Collins Oxford English, Concise Oxford English, Compact Oxford English, Shorter Oxford English, Historical Thesaurus, Oxford Dictionary of English Penguin

Canadian English	Canadian Oxford Dictionary of Canadianisms Gage Canadian (Full list)

Australian English	Australian National Australian Oxford Macquarie

Online	Wiktionary Collaborative International Dictionary of English OmegaWiki Urban Dictionary Wordnik

Learners / ESL	Cambridge Advanced Learner's Collins COBUILD Advanced Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Oxford Advanced Learner's

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