Cork, Bandon and South Coast Railway
Cork, Bandon and South Coast Railway (CB&SCR), was an Irish gauge (1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)) railway in Ireland. It opened in 1849 as the Cork and Bandon Railway, changed its name to Cork Bandon and South Coast Railway in 1888 and became part of the Great Southern Railway in 1924.
The CB&SCR served the south coast of County Cork between Cork and Bantry. It had a route length of 94 miles (151 km), all of it single track. Many road car routes connected with the line, including the route from Bantry to Killarney.
Notable Features
The Chetwynd Viaduct
The Chetwynd Viaduct carried the line over a valley and the main Bandon road (now the N71) between the townlands of Chetwynd and Rochfordstown about 2 miles (3 km) southwest of Cork city.[1] It was designed by Charles Nixon (a former pupil of I.K. Brunel) and built between 1849 and 1851 by Fox, Henderson and Co, which also built the Crystal Palace in London.
The 100 feet (30 m) cast iron ribs were cast on site. When in situ they had transverse diagonal bracing and lattice spandrels that supported a deck of iron plates. These in turn supported the permanent way.The viaduct is 91 feet (28 m) high, has four 110 feet (34 m) spans, each span composed of four cast iron arched ribs, carried on masonry piers 20 feet (6 m) thick and 30 feet (9 m) wide. The overall span between end abutments is 500 feet (150 m).
The structure was seriously damaged in the Irish Civil War in 1922, but was subsequently repaired. It was in regular use until the line was closed in 1961, though "recovery" trains continued to use it during the dismantling of the line until at least 1965. The bulk of the decking was in place as late as 1970, other than at the ends, but this was all subsequently removed for safety reasons.
The Gogginshill Tunnel
The Gogginshill Tunnel near Ballinhassig in Co. Cork, was constructed between February 1850 and December 1851 by 300 men working day and night. There are three ventilation shafts and the tunnel is lined with brick, which was added between 1889 and 1890 after some minor collapses of the rock face.
It is the longest abandoned railway tunnel within the Republic of Ireland, measuring 906 yards (828 metres) end to end.
The Halfway Viaduct
The Viaduct is located at Halfway, between Innishannon and Ballinhassig, c.30m above the valley floor. It is a three arch viaduct of masonry construction.
The Kilpatrick Tunnel
The Kilpatrick (Innishannon)tunnel is 122 meters in length and located less than 1 km west of Inishannon, just before the Bandon river crossing.
Extensions to the Railway
- The Cork and Kinsale Junction Railway (C&KJR), 11 miles (18 km), opened in 1863 and was bought by the Cork and Bandon in 1879.
- The West Cork Railway (WCR) (Bandon to Dunmanway), 17.5 miles (28 km), opened June 1866 and bought by the Cork and Bandon in 1879.
- Ilen Valley Railway (IVR) (Dunmanway to Skibbereen), 16 miles (26 km), opened 1877 and bought by the Cork and Bandon in 1879. In 1886 Skibbereen became an interchange with the 914 mm (3 ft) narrow gauge Schull and Skibbereen Railway.
- On 1 January 1880 the Cork and Bandon Railway took over the C&KJR, the WCR and the lease of the IVR including its proposed Bantry extension. This completed the Cork and Bandon main line.
- The Bantry Extension Railway (from Drimoleague) opened for traffic 1 July 1881, 11 miles (18 km). In order to give the railway access to a deep water port, a further extension was opened which was opened in 1892 (and a pier built in 1909, which was abandoned in 1946). Eugene Hourihan (circa 1875–1963) from Ardra, Scart, Bantry recalled seeing the line laid as a child and removed as an old man.
- The Clonakilty Extension Railway (from Clonalkilty Junction), 9 miles (14 km), opened 1886.
- The Baltimore Extension Railway (from Skibbereen), 8 miles (13 km), opened May 1893.
- The Bantry, Clonalkilty and Baltimore extension railways were three nominally separate companies whose lines were worked by the CB&SCR. All three were absorbed into the Great Southern Railways in 1925.
- The Shannonvale Horse Railway. The Bennett family ran a flour mill at Shannonvale, about 2 miles (3 km) north of Clonakilty. In the early 1890s the CB&SCR agreed to provide a siding 0.5 miles (800 m) long to link the mill with the railway. Horse traction was used uphill, and trains were worked by gravity downhill.
The GSR and CIÉ years
The railway became part of the Great Southern Railway in 1924, which became the Great Southern Railways in 1925. The GSR was consolidated into Córas Iompair Éireann in 1945.
CIÉ introduced AEC railcars to the railway in the 1950s, which helped reduce operating costs.
Timetable
On the right is the Cork to Bantry passenger timetable that was operational from 1948 until the closure in 1961. A few points may be noted from it:
- Travel time was about 2 hours. In 2008, a car journey (without the nine intermittent stops) is less than 30 minutes faster, according to the AA website.
- It was not possible to make a same-day return journey from Bandon to Dublin as the Cork express train left at 9:00 am (arriving at 12:00 pm) and departed at 2:25 pm from Heuston (which would have allowed the 6:00 pm connection to Bandon to be made though).
Closure
Due to economic problems, competition from road traffic and falling passenger numbers, the line closed on 1 April 1961.[2] The tracks were later sold to a scrap dealer and the trackbed sold to local farmers.
Statistics
The rolling stock consisted of 20 locomotives, 68 coaching vehicles and 455 goods vehicles.
See also
References
- ↑ "25-inch map centred on Chetwynd Viaduct". Mapviewer. Ordnance Survey Ireland. 1 June 1900. pp. Cork sheet 86–01. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
- ↑ "Ceisteanna—Questions. Oral Answers. - Closing of Cork Railways.". Dáil Éireann. Office of the Houses of the Oireachtas. 26 October 1960.
Sources and further reading
- Baker, Brian (2009). "West Cork Railways (DVD)". The Railway Children.
- Creedon, Colm (1986). The Cork, Bandon and South Coast Railway. 1. Cork.
- Creedon, Colm (1986). The Cork, Bandon and South Coast Railway. 2. Cork.
- Creedon, Colm (1991). The Cork, Bandon and South Coast Railway. 3. Cork.
- Kelly, Sean. "Steam and Steel". 2. Bantry Historical and Archaeological Society. ISSN 0791-6612.
- Lyons, Tom (1989). The Southern Star Centenary Supplement. Skibbereen: The Southern Star.
- Butler, Richard (2011). Article marking the 50th anniversary of the closure of the Cork Bandon & South Coast Railway. The Southern Star.
- O'Donovan, Daniel, On removal of Bantry line Durrus, Bantry, (oral history)
- Shepherd, Ernie (2005). Cork, Bandon & South Coast Railway. Hinckley: Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-85780-198-9.
External links
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