Constantia Grierson

Mrs.
Constantia Grierson
Born Constantia Crawley
1705
Kilkenny
Died 2 December 1732
Dublin
Cause of death possibly tuberculosis.
Resting place St. John's Parish Church, Drumcondra, Dublin, Ireland
Known for editor, poet, and classical scholar
Spouse(s) George Grierson

Constantia Grierson [née Crawley] (c. 1705 – 2 December 1732), was an editor, poet, and classical scholar from County Kilkenny, Ireland. She was married to the Dublin printer and publisher George Grierson.

Life

Constantia was born to an impoverished rural family in County Kilkenny. Her parents noticed her intelligence at an early age and furthered her desire to learn by every means that lay in their power. Her father sought advice on the matter, and, although he did not have much money, he was able to supply her with books suited, as he had been told, to the capacity of a child her age. But soon her parents found that her abilities were far beyond her years. Constantia was tutored in Hebrew, Greek, Latin, English, and French by her local vicar, but was mostly self-educated. According to one editor she was "a most excellent scholar, not only in Greek and Roman literature, but in history, divinity, philosophy, and mathematics: and what makes her character the more remarkable is, that she died so early as the age of 27, and that she acquired this great learning merely by the force of her own genius, and continual application."[1] Laetitia Pilkington felt "her Learning appeared like the Gift poured out of the Apostles, of speaking all languages without the Pains of Study; or, like the intuitive Knowledge of Angels."[2]

At about eighteen Constantia moved to Dublin and began to study midwifery under Dr. Van Lewen, a Dutch physician and the father of Laetitia Pilkington. Constantia ceased her studies when she met publisher George Grierson (c.1679–1753) for whom she edited many works. By 1727 she had carefully edited titles in the pocket classics edition, including Terence's Comediae, to which she prefixed a Greek epigram from her own pen, inscribing it to Robert, son of Lord Carteret; in 1730 she edited the work of Tacitus, inscribing it to Lord Carteret himself. Jonathan Swift was so impressed with her editing that he wrote to Alexander Pope on 6 February 1730: 'She is a very good Latin and Greek scholar, and hath lately published a fine edition of Tacitus, and she writes carmina Anglicana non-contemnenda.'[3] The edition was also much praised by the classical scholar Edward Harwood. It is not clear if they married at all, as the date is unrecorded.[4] Constantia played an important role in her husband's business and household, which included apprentices and journeymen as well as domestic servants. Highly regarded by Dublin's literary élite for her gifts as an editor as well as a poet, and for her remarkable memory, women from the landed gentry of Ireland were attracted to her and became some of her husband's most valued customers. Her husband emphasised her contributions in his successful petition to the Irish House of Commons in 1729 to be granted the patent for King's Printer: "the Editions corrected by her have been approved of, not only in this Kingdom, but in Great Britain, Holland and elsewhere, and the Art of Printing, through her care and assistance, has been brought to greater perfection than has been hitherto in this Kingdom."[5]

In addition to her editorial work she was a poet.[1] Little of her poetry survives, however her friend Mary Barber published six of her pieces in her Poems on Several Occasions (1734).[6] Those six and two others, included by Laetitia Pilkington in her Memoirs, were published in Poems by the Most Eminent Ladies of Great Britain and Ireland.[1] Jonathan Swift included her, along with Barber and literary critic Elizabeth Sican, in his "triumfeminate" and she was part of his Dublin literary circle.

After a period of frail health, Grierson died at the age of twenty-seven, possibly of tuberculosis, and was buried in Drumcondra, County Dublin. Her reputation was enhanced by being mentioned by George Ballard in his Memoirs of Several Ladies of Great Britain, who have been Celebrated for their Writings or Still in the Learned Languages, Arts and Sciences (1752), though she did not receive much critical attention until recently.[7]

Family

Constantia was born in 1705 in Kilkenny, Ireland; died 2 December 1732; buried 4 December 1732.[8] Constantia married George Grierson, as his second wife about September or October 1726 in Dublin.[4]

George was born c1679 in Dumfriesshire, Scotland and died 27 October 1753, Drumcondra, Dublin. He was buried St. John's Parish Church, Drumcondra. Constantia died aged 27, and was buried in St. John's Parish Church, Drumcondra, Dublin. Shortly after Constantia's death, George married again. Altogether she had four children, three of whom did not survive infancy:

Works

Female Poets of Great Britain, Rowton

Virgil, Terence and Tacitus were three of the greatest writers/poets of their time. They wrote a multitude of books in their day. Virgil is well known for his tale The Aenid. In Constantia's time, not many knew how to speak Latin. Constantia studied Latin and was able to edit the works of these three great men. Many people were impressed by her editing skills. Constantia started editing when she was eighteen; by the time she completed these three edits she was only 24. Her great intelligence and ability garnered her much due adoration among her peers. When Constantia was assisting her husband in his appeal to the House of Commons her edits were described as follows, "the Editions corrected by her have been approved of, not only in this Kingdom, but in Great Britain, Holland and elsewhere, and the Art of Printing, through her care and assistance, has been brought to greater perfection than has been hitherto in this Kingdom." In addition to her editorial work she was a poet.[1] Little of her poetry survives, however her friend Mary Barber published six of her pieces in her Poems on Several Occasions (1734).[6]

Constantia's poems are few and far between, yet the ones still in circulation are seen as proof of her intelligence. Many poems, epigrams, and occasional pieces flowed from her facile pen—written in Latin, Greek, or English; but as they did not come up to her standard of excellence, she burnt them all before her death. None of her poems have been preserved, save a few which she addressed to various friends, notably to Mrs. Barber, and which are too personal to be quoted as they could not possess any interest for the general reader; and, on the other hand, it would be unfair to give them as specimens of Mrs. Grierson's poetical abilities.

References

Footnotes

  1. 1 2 3 4 (Grierson 1773, p. 240)
  2. ↑ Pilkington, Laetitia (1997). Memoirs of Laetitia Pilkington. University of Georgia Press. ISBN 0-8203-1719-5.
  3. ↑ Swift, Jonathan (1965–72). The correspondence of Jonathan Swift. Oxford : Clarendon Press.
  4. 1 2 The marriage was most probably sometime after the death of George's first wife, who died or was certainly buried on 19 April 1726, at St. John's Parish Church, Drumcondra, County Dublin. There is some indication that she was expecting a child and it is unclear whether there were any children from the first union.
  5. ↑ (Rees 2004)
  6. 1 2 Bryan, Coleborne (2004), "Barber, Mary (c.1685–1755)", in Matthew, H.C.G.; Harrison, Brian; British Academy, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  7. ↑ (Ballard 1752)
  8. ↑ These dates are from the records of the Church of Ireland, Dublin. Also in the work of (Dr.) Mary Pollard in her: (A dictionary of members of the Dublin book trade 1550–1800 by Dr. Mary Pollard, Guild of St. Luke the Evangelist (Dublin, Ireland) – she is also Keeper of the ArchBishop's Library in Dublin, Ireland, 2002.

Further reading

External links

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