Censuses of Egypt
The practice of conducting a periodic census began in Egypt in the second millennium BC, where it was used for tax gathering and to determine fitness for military services.
Pre-modern censuses
Pharaonic era (3050 BC)
Egypt had one of the first national censues anywhere. This is documented by papyrus manuscripts, ancient monuments in Pharaonic temples. The first known censuses in Egypt were carried out in 3340 BC and in 3050 BC.
Islamic era (600 AD)
A census also took place in the era of Hesham Abdel Malek ben Marwan in the year 600 AD including the number of people, their ages and residences.
Napoleonic era (1798)
In 1798, Egypt's population was estimated at 3 millions when Napoleon invaded the country.
1848 and 1868 Censuses
After preliminary enumerations in some urban areas and villages the first countrywide census was carried out in 1848.[1][2] The 1848 census is said to be the first in a non-Western country to include demographic, social, and economic data on practically all individuals including females, children, and slaves. Digitization of the 1848 and 1868 census records is underway based on documents in the National Archives of Egypt.[3]
Modern censuses
| Census Year |
Population[4] (in thousands) |
Arithmetic Density[5] (inhabitants/km2) |
|---|---|---|
| 1882 | 6,712 | 6.65 |
| 1897 | 9,669 | 9.58 |
| 1907 | 11,190 | 11.09 |
| 1917 | 12,718 | 12.60 |
| 1927 | 14,178 | 14.05 |
| 1937 | 15,921 | 15.78 |
| 1947 | 18,967 | 18.79 |
| 1960 | 26,085 | 25.84 |
| 1966 | 30,076 | 29.79 |
| 1976 | 36,626 | 36.28 |
| 1986 | 48,254 | 47.80 |
| 1996 | 59,312 | 58.76 |
| 2006 | 72,798 | 70.70 |
1882
- 1882 — The first census in Egypt had been carried out. The total population was 6.7 million.
1947
- According to the 1947 census, Egypt's population had reached 19 million inhabitants.[6]
| Province or governorate | Population (1947 census) |
|---|---|
| Alexandria | 928,237 |
| Aswan | 285,551 |
| Asyut | 1,379,875 |
| Beheira | 1,242,478 |
| Beni Suef | 613,365 |
| Cairo | 2,100,486 |
| Dakahlia | 1,366,085 |
| Damietta | 124,104 |
| Faiyum | 671,885 |
| Frontiers | 216,872 |
| Gharbia | 2,316,619 |
| Girga (currently Sohag Governorate) | 1,288,425 |
| Giza | 822,424 |
| Ismailia | 132,810 |
| Minya | 1,061,417 |
| Monufia | 1,168,777 |
| Port Said | 178,432 |
| Qalyubia | 687,169 |
| Qena | 1,106,296 |
| Sharqia | 1,290,890 |
| Suez | 108,250 |
| Total population | 19,090,447 |
1976
- A census in 1976 revealed that the population had risen to 36.6 million.
1986
- In 1986, a census indicated that the population of Egypt reached a total of 50.4 million, including about 2.3 million Egyptians working in other countries.
1996
- In 1996, the census found a population of 59.3 million.
2006
- In 2006, the thirteenth census in the Egyptian census series revealed that the Egypt's population hit 76.5 million inside and outside the country.
Latest census details (2006)
Nationwide demographics
| Statement | Total country |
|---|---|
| % Change in Population compared with Census 1996 | % 22 |
| % Change in Population Under 6 Years Old | % 168 |
| % Change in Population Under 15 Years Old | % 256 |
| % Change in Population Over 45 Years Old | % 289 |
| Number of Households | 17,265,567 |
| Household Population | 72,131,096 |
| Family average | 4 to 5 |
| Number of university graduates | 5,476,704 |
| Number of Illiterates 2006 | 16,806,657 |
| Raw Birth Rate | 26 |
| Raw Death Rate | 6 |
Population by sex and residence
| Residence | Males | Females | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urban areas | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Rural areas | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Total Egypt | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Population by governorate
| Governorate | 1996 | 2006 | Change % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cairo | 6,800,991 | 7,786,640 | 14.49 |
| Giza | 4,784,095 | 6,272,571 | 31.11 |
| Sharqia | 4,281,068 | 5,340,058 | 24.74 |
| Dakahlia | 4,223,338 | 4,985,187 | 18.04 |
| Beheira | 3,994,297 | 4,737,129 | 18.6 |
| Gharbia | 3,404,339 | 4,010,298 | 17.8 |
| Alexandria | 3,339,076 | 4,110,015 | 23.09 |
| Minya | 3,310,129 | 4,179,309 | 26.26 |
| Qalyubia | 3,281,135 | 4,237,003 | 29.13 |
| Sohag | 3,123,114 | 3,746,377 | 19.96 |
| Asyut | 2,802,334 | 3,441,597 | 22.81 |
| Monufia | 2,760,429 | 3,270,404 | 18.47 |
| Qena | 2,442,016 | 3,001,494 | 22.91 |
| Kafr el-Sheikh | 2,223,383 | 2,618,111 | 17.75 |
| Faiyum | 1,989,772 | 2,512,792 | 26.29 |
| Beni Suef | 1,859,213 | 2,290,527 | 23.2 |
| Aswan | 960,510 | 1,184,432 | 23.31 |
| Damietta | 913,555 | 1,092,316 | 19.57 |
| Ismailia | 714,828 | 942,832 | 31.9 |
| Port Said | 472,331 | 570,768 | 20.84 |
| Suez | 417,526 | 510,935 | 22.37 |
| Luxor | 361,138 | 451,318 | 24.97 |
| North Sinai | 252,160 | 339,752 | 34.74 |
| Matruh | 212,001 | 322,341 | 52.05 |
| Red Sea | 157,314 | 288,233 | 83.22 |
| New Valley | 141,774 | 187,256 | 32.08 |
| South Sinai | 54,806 | 149,335 | 172.48 |
| Total Egypt | 59,276,672 | 72,579,030 | 22.44 |
Future projections
Further information: List of countries by past and future population
At current pace, Egypt's population is expected to reach 160 million by 2050. However, if the current rate of reproduction diminishes, the population may be limited to 120 million by 2050. Egypt already has one of the highest real population densities in the world.[7]
See also
- Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics
- Demographics of Egypt
- Population history of Egypt
References
- General
- https://web.archive.org/web/20070930225811/http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001038.htm
- https://web.archive.org/web/20070928001729/http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001446.htm
- http://countrystudies.us/egypt/55.htm
- https://web.archive.org/web/20070930230227/http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Pub/yearbook/yearbook2006/110104000000000001.htm
- http://www.citypopulation.de/Egypt.html
- http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/papyrus/records/971r.html
- CAPMAS website
- Specific
- ↑ Cuno, Kenneth M.; Reimer, Michael J. (1997). "The Census Registers of Nineteenth-Century Egypt: A New Source for Social Historians". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 24 (2): 193–216. doi:10.1080/13530199708705646. JSTOR 195772.
- ↑ Fargues, Philippe. Family and household in mid-nineeenth century Cairo. In Doumani, Beshara, ed. Family history in the Middle East: household, property, and gender
- ↑ Saleh, Mohamed. “A Pre-Colonial Population Brought to Light: Digitization of the Nineteenth Century Egyptian Censuses,” Historical Methods 46:1 (January 2013) 5-18. (online draft)
- ↑ "Population in Censuses By Sex & Sex Ratio (1882–2006)" (PDF). Egypt in Figures 2010. Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics. p. 6. Retrieved 2011-04-17.
- ↑ Osman, Maged (11–17 May 2006). "No strength in numbers". Al-Ahram Weekly (794). Retrieved 2011-04-17.
- ↑ Shousha, Aly Tewfik (1947). "Cholera Epidemic in Egypt: A Preliminary Report". Bull. World Health Organ. National Center for Biotechnology Information. 1 (2): 371. PMC 2553924
. PMID 20603928. - ↑ "Egypt weighed down by population woes". AFP. 10 June 2008. Retrieved 2011-04-18.
External links
- Population Distribution by Sex
- Average Size of Household and Sex Ratio
- Population Distribution by Educational Status
- Population Distribution by Age Groups
- Population Distribution by Marital Status
- No of Households & % of their Connection to Public Utilities
- 2006 Census Analysis Series
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