Cen (surname)
| Cen 岑 | |
|---|---|
|
shum | |
| Pronunciation |
Cén (Mandarin) Sam (Cantonese) |
| Language(s) | Chinese |
| Origin | |
| Language(s) | Old Chinese |
| Word/Name | China |
| Other names | |
| Variant(s) | Ts'en, Tsen, Sam, Shum, Sum |
Cen[1] is the Mandarin pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written 岑 in Chinese character. It is romanized Ts'en in Wade–Giles, and variously as Shum, Sam, Sum in Cantonese, and Chen in other pinyin forms. Cen is listed 67th in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames.[2] As of 2008, it is the 235th most common surname in China, shared by 340,000 people.[3] Cen is considered a rare surname. A person with a rare surname like Cen may be able to trace his or her origins to a single ancestral area.[4]
Notable people
- Cen Zi (岑子爵; circa 1046 BC). His birth name was Ji Qu (姬渠), he was the son of Ji Yao (姬耀), and the nephew of Zhou King Wu (周武王), aka Ji Fa (姬發), who gave him the heritable title of Zi (子爵) for his assistance in helping to destroy the preceding Shang Dynasty. He was known as Cen Zi (岑子爵; Viscount of Cen). The area he ruled was named Cen Ting (岑婷), currently known as the City of Han District in Southern Shanxi (南山西).[5] Later, the Cen clan moved to Hancheng, Shaanxi (韩城, 陕西).[6] Subsequently, the Cen clan moved to Nanyang, Henan (南陽, 河南). It was in this area that the Cen clan flourished and their area was named the State of Cen (岑國) during the Warring States period. As generations passed, some of the Cen clan migrated to Zhejiang, Sichuan, and Guangxi. Afterwards some Cen moved to Jiangsu, and Shandong. Still later, a Song Dynasty military expedition brought additional members of the Cen clan to Guangxi from Zhejiang. At various times the Cen clan spread to Guangdong, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and other parts of the world. Cen Zi was the common ancestor to all the Cen family.
- Cen Peng (岑彭; died 36 AD). Han dynasty general.
- Cen Zhi (岑桎; circa 168), aka: Cen Gongxiao (岑公孝; style name). Grand Administrator of Henan, previously served as an Officer of Merit, and was "One of the Eight Paragons of Jiangxia" (Wise ones).
- Cen Hun (岑昏; died 280). Government Minister of Eastern Wu.
- Cen Derun (岑德潤; circa 5th - 6th century). A noted poet of the Southern Dynasties between 420 AD to 589 AD. Archeologists said they have uncovered what is by far the country's oldest schoolwork, a text written in ancient characters. They stated that "The text is fragmentary but some characters are legible, including the words for 'water', 'go upstream' and the name Cen Derun." A school child in Xinjiang province practice writing Cen Derun's poetry ("An Ode to the Fishes") three times in their school homework.[7]
- Cen Wenben (岑文本; 595–645). Viscount Xian of Jiangling, Tang dynasty chancellor.
- Cen Changqian (岑長倩; died 691). Duke of Deng, Tang dynasty chancellor, nephew of Cen Wenben. Cen clan members during his time period migrated to Sichuan, Guangxi and Zhejiang after Police Officer Lai Junchen, fraudulently produced evidence against him.
- Cen Xi (岑羲; died 713). Duke of Xi, Tang dynasty chancellor, grandson of Cen Wenben.
- Cen Shen (岑參; 715–770). Tang dynasty poet. He was born to a bureaucratic family in Nanyang (in today's Henan), but later moved to Jiangling, Jizhou (in today's Hubei) after the decline of the Cen clan. Most of his friends were poets. They were Li Bai, Du Fu, and Gao Shi. His other friend was Gao Xianzhi, the famous Tang general of Goguryeo descent. He was a great-grandson of Cen Wenben
- Cen Siweng (岑__; Circa 8th century). He started the second branch of the Cen clan family in Sichuan province after he moved there. He originally lived in Henan province sometime during the time period of the three Tang dynasty chancellors with the Cen surname.
- Cen Jingchuan (岑__; Circa Song Dynasty). He began the third branch of the Cen clan family after he moved from Nanyang, Henan to Zhejiang province.
- Cen Zhengshu (岑__; Circa Song Dynasty). He started the fourth branch of the Cen clan family after he moved from Zhejiang province to Guangdong province.
- Cen Zhongshu (岑仲淑; 1015-1077). Song dynasty general, accompanied General Di Qing to quell mid-eleventh century rebellion in Guangxi[8][9] He had three brothers. His two younger brothers were Cen Jishu (born 1017) and Cen Chunshu (born 1019). The two younger brothers stayed in Zhejiang, while his older brother named Cen Zhengshu, migrated to Guangdong province. They all were from Yuyao, Zhejiang Province. Cen Zhongshu began the fifth branch of the Cen clan family in Guangxi province. Some of the Cen clan of this branch later migrated to Guangdong and other provinces.
- Cen Shixing (岑_; circa 1326). The Cen clan viewed certain areas of Southwest China as Cen country, but Yesün Temür, Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty of China (1323-1328), did not. Cen Shixing raised a 60,000 man army of Han, Tang and Zhuang that consolidated and threatened Southwest China that displeased the emperor. The rising with considerable effort was put down. Yesün Temür was a great-great-great-grandson of Genghis Khan, and a great-grandson of Kublai Khan.
- Cen Shumuhan (岑恕木罕; circa 1340), aka: Cen Numuhan. In 1340, he was granted hereditary control over the Sicheng region in Guangxi by the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty Emperor Toghon Temür. He was given the title of Han. Han is a derivative of the word Khan, which means "Supreme Ruler" of his territory.[10] He had a younger brother named Cen Tiemur.[11]
- Cen Boyan (岑柏颜; circa 1368), aka: Cen Bayan or Cen Baiyan. In 1368, he surrendered to the advancing forces of the first Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, and as a route commander his command was changed to a prefecture and he was granted a seal and appointed a Tianzhou Prefectural Magistrate.[12]
- Cen Tianbao (岑天保; circa 1368). In 1368, he surrendered to the first Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, and was made the Prefect of Tianzhou, Guangxi. He and the Cen clan had ancestors with Mongolian-style names due to their closed military, economic, social, and political ties with them[13][14]
- Cen Meng (岑猛; 1496-1527). Chief of Tianzhou, Guangxi. Raised 100,000 man army of Han, Tang and Zhuang to defend area against Ming army colonization of Southern China.[15]
- Cen Wa Shi (岑__; 1498-1560). First of four wives of Cen Meng. General that applied Cen Military code to defend China's Jiangsu and Zhejiang's southeast shoreline against Japanese and Chinese pirates. A temple was built in the honor of Cen Wa Shi at Lung Zhou, Guangxi.
- Cen Yuying (岑毓英; 1829–1889). Qing dynasty Governor-General of Yunnan-Guizhou, Minister of Defense.[16] He also was given the noble title of baron by the Manchu Qing Dynasty emperor.
- Cen Yubao (岑毓报; 1841–?). Qing dynasty Viceroy of Yunnan-Guizhou, younger brother of Cen Yuying.[17]
- Cen Chunxuan (岑春煊; 1861–1933). Qing dynasty Viceroy of Liangguang. In 1900, when the forces of the Eight-Nation Alliance attacked Beijing to suppress the Boxer Rebellion, the Guangxu Emperor and Empress Dowager Cixi fled from the capital and headed towards Xi'an. Cen led military forces from Gansu to Xi'an to protect the emperor and empress dowager, and was awarded the Imperial Yellow Jacket[18] and earned the favour of the Empress Dowager. In 1902, he submitted a proposal to the throne to open up Mongol banner land for Han settlement and cultivation, and later in 1907, a plan for provincialising Mongolia in response to the threat of Russian aggression. Moreover, he envisioned the new policies of the state should integrate the Mongols into a strong, new China.[19] The Manchu General-in-Chief of the Bordered Yellow Banner, name Yigu, consulted with Cen with respect to the cultivation and reclamation of land areas such as Chakhar banner of Mongolia. During Cen's stay in Tibet, one of his responsibilities as an imperial resident was to be the overseer of Thubten Gyatso, the 13th Dalai Lama.[20] Southern China revolutionaries who were against Yuan Shikai, nominated Cen to be their grand marshall and issued a proclamation appointing Cen as President of the Republic of China. A price was put on his head by Yuan, and Cen had to flee to the South Sea.[21] In 1916, after Yuan had previously shown signs of a dictator and later declared himself the Emperor of China, Cen became one of the main candidates to replace Yuan Shih Kai as President of the Republic of China.[22] He was known as the Manchurian Tiger, and was a son of Cen Yuying.[23]
- Cen Chunming (岑春蓂; 1868-1944). Qing dynasty Hankow Taotai.[24] Later governor of Jiangxi,[25] Guizhou and Hunan,[26] son of Cen Yuying.
- Cen Guangyue (岑__; 1876 - 1960). Artist. A native of Shunde, Guangdong province, was a 'jinshi' of 1904. He later studied at Hosei University in Japan. Upon return, he was appointed a member of the imperial Hanlin Academy. When China became a Republic he relocated himself to Hong Kong, and was well known in his role as an educator. He was also a renowned calligrapher.[27]
- Cen Zhongmian (岑仲勉; 1885–1961). Historian
- Cen Deguang (岑德广; 1897–?). Politician of the Wang Jingwei regime, son of Cen Chunxuan
- Cen Qixiang (岑麒祥; 1903–1989). Linguist
- Cen Feilong (岑飛龍; 1905–1997). Painter and calligrapher
- Cen Fan or Sam Fan and Tsen Fan (岑__; 01/11/1925 to 01/23/2008). A director, actor and writer. He is a nephew of Cen Chunxuan and Cen Chunming.
- Cen Neng or Sum Nung (岑能; 1925–2002). Was the only disciple of the great Wing Chun Master of Foshan Yuan Kay Shan (阮奇山).
- Cen Kefa (岑可法; born 1935). Physicist, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
- Cen Zhangzhi (岑章志; born 1946). Physicist, Vice-President of Tsinghua University
- Cen Guohua (岑國華; born 1947?). President of the chamber of commerce of Guangzhou
- John Shum or Cen Jianxun (born 1952). Hong Kong actor and film producer
- Cen Xu (岑絏; born 1952). Vice Admiral of the PLA Navy
- Justice Sam or Cen Haohui or Sam Hou Fai (岑浩輝) (born 1962). President of the Court of Final Appeal of Macau
- Harry Shum or Cen Hongyong (born 1966). Executive Vice-President, Technology & Research, Microsoft
- Shum Kwok Pui or Cen Guopei (岑國培; born 1970). Hong Kong football player
- Harry Shum, Jr. or Cen Yongkang (岑勇康; born 1982). Actor and dancer in Glee
- Cen Nanqin (岑__; born 09/26/1983). Female slalom canoer. Won gold medal in 2014 Asian Games in Woman's Slalom C-1 event.
- Eliza Sam or Cen Lixiang (岑麗香; born 1984). Chinese-Canadian actress based in Hong Kong
- Yoyo Shum (岑寧兒; born 1984). Hong Kong singer, son of John Shum
References
- ↑ The approximate pronunciation in English is /ˈtsən/.
- ↑ "百家姓" [Hundred Family Surnames] (in Chinese). Guoxue. Retrieved 2014-09-16.
- ↑ 中国最新300大姓排名（2008） [300 most common surnames in China (2008)] (in Chinese). Taiwan.cn. 2009-01-06. Retrieved 2014-09-18.
- ↑ Three Zhang, Four Li: The Secret History of Chinese Surnames, by Susie Gordon, eChinacities.com (April 18, 2011).
- ↑ Chineseroots.com
- ↑ In Search of Your Roots by Sheau-yueh J. Chao (Baltimore, Maryland: Printed for Clearfield Company, Inc. by Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 2000), p. 180, item 508, Ts'en surname.
- ↑ Chinadaily.com.cn/china/2006-05/25/content_599826.htm. Retrieved 2016-08-27.
- ↑ The Nanpan River: A Scenic Waterway in Southeast China, by Qin Nina. February 2015. China Scenic Magazine. Online. The article includes historical information about the Cen clan. The article states, "These ancient ports [of Nanpan River] were once all under the jurisdiction of the Cen clan of Guangxi. The Cen clan was the most powerful and influential Tusi in Guangxi since the Northern Song Dynasty (960–1127 AD). Their ancestors had traveled to the region with Di Qing (1008–1057AD), a famous general of the Northern Song, to suppress a rebellion there. Since 1053 AD, when Cen Zhongshu was appointed to remain in Guangxi as an official, the Cen clan’s influence in the area began to grow and the Nanpan River basin was one of the most important areas under their control".
- ↑ Empire and Identity in Guizhou: Local Resistance to Qing Expansion, by Jodi L. Weinstein (Seattle: The University of Washington Press, 2014), Chapter 3: The Consolidation of the Qing Rule, p. 157, footnote 67.
- ↑ Empire and Identity in Guizhou: Local Resistance to Qing Expansion, by Jodi L. Weinstein (Seattle: The University of Washington Press, 2014), Chapter 3: The Consolidation of the Qing Rule, p. 52.
- ↑ Hanvueng: The Goose King and the Ancestral King: An Epic from Guangxi in Southern China, translated and annotated by David Holm and Meng Yuanyao (Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2015), Introduction, p. 8.
- ↑ On the Margins of the Grand Unity: Empire, Violence, and Ethnicity in the Virtue Ethics and Political Practice of Wang Yangming (1472--1529), by George Lawrence Israel, (Urbana, Illinois, 2008), p. 294.
- ↑ Chieftains into Ancestors: Imperial Expansion and Indigenous Society in Southwest China, edited by David Faure; Ho Ts'ui-p'ing (Vancouver: UBC Press, 2013), p. 172.
- ↑ Empire at the Margins: Culture, Ethnicity, and Frontier in Early Modern China, eds. Pamela Kyle Crossley; Helen F. Siu; Donald S. Sutton (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006), p. 177.
- ↑ The Last Campaigns of Wang Yangming, by Leo K. Shin (University of British Columbia).
- ↑ Eminent Chinese of the Chʻing period, 1644-1912 ... v.2., Corporate Author: Library of Congress, Other Author: Arthur William Hummel, (Washington : U.S. Govt. Print Off., 1943-1944), pages 742- 745, Tsen Yu-ying.
- ↑ Articles reference his name under Shum Yuk-po.
- ↑ The Imperial Yellow Jacket is a symbol of the highest honour awarded for civil or military merit to the Manchu Qing Dynasty
- ↑ "Grieving for Tibet", Conceiving the Modern State in Late-Qing Inner Asia, by C. Patterson Giersch. 2008/3 (2008). China Perspectives, pages 11-12.
- ↑ “A Revisionist Assessment of China’s Modern Political Myths” by Geraldine Brandt, Journal of Asian Studies, Volume 55:3, 1995.
- ↑ Loyal Chinese Defeat the Rebels, The New York Times, July 19, 1913, Tsen Chun-hsuan, President of the Republic of China (However, the proclamation was not accepted by all provinces in China, and therefore, he never became the President of the Republic of China or had the chance to become the Emperor of China, if he had that ambition).
- ↑ New President for China? The Continent, Volume 47, Page 455, April 16, 1916 (McCormick Publishing Company, 1916), Tsen Tsun Hsuan, Candidate for the President of the Republic of China (However, once again, he never became the President of the Republic of China)
- ↑ Who's Who in China, Third Edition, editor M.C. Powell (Shanghai: The China Weekly Review, June 1, 1925), pages 744-745, Tsen Chun-hsuan.
- ↑ The East of Asia Magazine: An Illustrated Quarterly, Volume 1, July 30, 1902, Tsen Chun-min.
- ↑ The Trade and Administration of the Chinese Empire, by Hosea Ballou Morse; Francis Lister Hawks Pott; A. Théophile Piry (Shanghai, Hong Kong, Singapore & Yokohama : Kelly and Walsh, Limited, 1908), p. 78.
- ↑ Eminent Chinese of the Chʻing period, 1644-1912 ... v.2., Corporate Author: Library of Congress, Other Author: Arthur William Hummel, (Washington : U.S. Govt. Print Off., 1943-1944), page 745, Tsen Chun-ming.
- ↑ He created a scroll titled "Du Fu’s poem in running script".
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