Buck O'Neil

This article is about the baseball player. For the college football coach, see Frank "Buck" O'Neill.
Buck O'Neil
First baseman
Born: (1911-11-13)November 13, 1911
Carrabelle, Florida
Died: October 6, 2006(2006-10-06) (aged 94)
Kansas City, Missouri
Batted: Right Threw: Right
debut
1937, for the Memphis Red Sox
Last appearance
1955, for the Kansas City Monarchs
Negro American League statistics
Batting average .288
Home runs 10
Runs batted in 136
Teams
 Negro leagues (incomplete)
Career highlights and awards

John Jordan "Buck" O'Neil (November 13, 1911 – October 6, 2006) was a first baseman and manager in the Negro American League, mostly with the Kansas City Monarchs. After his playing days, he worked as a scout, and became the first African American coach in Major League Baseball. In his later years he became a popular and renowned speaker and interview subject, helping to renew widespread interest in the Negro leagues, and played a major role in establishing the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum in Kansas City, Missouri.

O'Neil's life was documented in Joe Posnanski's award-winning 2007 book The Soul of Baseball.

Playing career

Born in rural Carrabelle, Florida, O'Neil was initially denied the opportunity to attend high school due to racial segregation; at the time, Florida had only four high schools specifically for African Americans.[1] However, after working a summer in a celery field with his father, O'Neil left home to live with relatives and attend Edward Waters College in Jacksonville, where he completed high school and two years of college courses. He left Florida in 1934 for several years of semi-professional "barnstorming" experiences (playing interracial exhibition games).[2] The effort paid off, and in 1937, O'Neil signed with the Memphis Red Sox for their first year of play in the newly formed Negro American League. His contract was sold to the Monarchs the following year.

O'Neil had a career batting average of .288 between 1937 and 1950, including five .300-plus seasons at the plate, as well as five seasons in which he did not top .260. In 1946, the first baseman led the NAL with a .350 batting average and followed that in 1947 with a .305 mark in 16 games. He also posted averages of .344 in 1940 and .330 in 1949. He played in four East-West All-Star Games in three different seasons and two Negro World Series.

A World War II tour in the U.S. Navy from 1943–1945 briefly interrupted his playing career.

O'Neil was named manager of the Monarchs in 1948 after Frank Duncan's retirement, and continued to play first base as well as a regular through 1951, dropping to part-time status afterward. He managed the Monarchs for eight seasons from 1948 through 1955 during the declining years of the Negro leagues, winning two league titles and a shared title in which no playoff was held during that period. His two undisputed pennants were won in 1953 and 1955, when the league had shrunk to fewer than six teams.

Negro leagues career statistics

O'Neil was known to have played full-time in 1951 and as a reserve and pinch-hitter as late as 1955, but Negro leagues statistics for the period 1951 and after are considered extremely unreliable.

Year Team Age G AB R H 2B 3B HR RBI SB BB BA SLG
1937 Memphis 25 2 8 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .125 .125
1938 Kansas City 26 30 94 14 22 4 1 0 3 11 8 .234 .298
1939 Kansas City 27 29 101 12 24 4 2 1 9 4 4 .238 .347
1940 Kansas City 28 25 93 17 32 6 3 0 26 5 5 .344 .473
1941 Kansas City 29 29 113 16 29 5 2 1 25 3 4 .257 .336
1942 Kansas City 30 36 145 18 39 5 2 1 25 3 4 .269 .352
1943 Kansas City 31 19 68 12 23 3 0 1 9 1 5 .338 .426
1944-45 Military service
1946 Kansas City 34 58 197 36 69 11 6 2 27 12 12 .350 .497
1947 Kansas City 35 16 59 16 18 4 1 2 10 4 7 .305 .508
1948 Kansas City 36 42 162 14 41 6 1 1 -- 3 9 .253 .321
1949 Kansas City 37 45 109 17 36 4 0 1 14 6 0 .330 .394
1950 Kansas City 38 31 83 14 21 5 2 1 1 5 11 .253 .398
1951 Kansas City 39 42 134 -- 44 -- -- 3 26 -- -- .328 .396
1952 Kansas City 40 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- ---
1953 Kansas City 41 15 21 5 10 0 0 0 1 2 -- .476 .476
1954 Kansas City 42 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- ---
1955 Kansas City 43 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- ---
Total 12 seasons
(through 1950)		 362 1232 187 355 57 20 10 136 36 72 .288 .391

Source: Hall of Fame Committee on African-American Baseball, 2006

Off the field

Buck O'Neil signing autographs, 2005

When Tom Baird sold the Monarchs at the end of the 1955 season, O'Neil resigned as manager and became a scout for the Chicago Cubs.[3] He was the first African American scout in Major League Baseball, and was named the first black coach in the major leagues by the Cubs in 1962 and is credited for signing Hall of Fame player Lou Brock to his first contract. O'Neil is sometimes incorrectly credited with also having signed Hall of Famer Ernie Banks to his first contract; Banks was originally scouted and signed to the Monarchs by Cool Papa Bell, then manager of the Monarchs' barnstorming B team in 1949. Banks played briefly for the Monarchs in 1950 and 1953, his play interrupted by Army duty. O'Neil was Banks' manager during those stints, and Banks was signed to play for the Cubs more than two years before O'Neil joined them as a scout.

After many years with the Cubs, O'Neil became a Kansas City Royals scout in 1988, and was named "Midwest Scout of the Year" in 1998.

O'Neil gained national prominence with his compelling descriptions of the Negro leagues as part of Ken Burns' 1994 PBS documentary on baseball. Afterwards, he became the subject of countless national interviews, including appearances on the Late Show with David Letterman and The Late Late Show with Tom Snyder.

In 1990, O'Neil led the effort to establish the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum (NLBM) in Kansas City, and served as its honorary board chairman until his death.

In 1996, O'Neil became the recipient of an Honorary Doctor of Business Administration degree from the University of Missouri – Kansas City in Kansas City, Missouri.

In February 2002, at the end of the NLBM's Legacy Awards annual banquet, O'Neil received an induction ring from the baseball scouts Hall of Fame in St. Louis.[4]

O'Neil and all-star Ichiro Suzuki developed a relationship, with Ichiro attending the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum with O'Neil and seeking O'Neil's knowledge of the game when the Seattle Mariners would have road games in Kansas City. "With Buck, I felt something big. The way he carried himself, you can see and tell and feel he loved this game."[5]

A busy final year

On May 13, 2006, he received an honorary doctorate in education from Missouri Western State University where he also gave the commencement speech.

O'Neil was a member of the 18-member Baseball Hall of Fame Veterans Committee from 1981 to 2000 and played an important role in the induction of six Negro league players from 1995 to 2001 during the time the Hall had a policy of inducting one Negro leaguer per year. O'Neil was nominated to a special Hall ballot for Negro league players, managers, and executives in 2006, but received fewer than the necessary nine votes (out of twelve) to gain admission; however, 17 other Negro league figures were selected.

God's been good to me. They didn't think Buck was good enough to be in the Hall of Fame. That's the way they thought about it and that's the way it is, so we're going to live with that. Now, if I'm a Hall of Famer for you, that's all right with me. Just keep loving old Buck. Don't weep for Buck. No, man, be happy, be thankful.[6]

On July 29, 2006, O'Neil spoke at the induction ceremony for the Negro league players at the Baseball Hall of Fame.[7]

Still playing after all these years

The Kansas City T-Bones retired O'Neil's jersey.

Just before the Hall of Fame ceremonies, O'Neil signed a contract with the Kansas City T-Bones on July 17 to allow him to play in the Northern League All-Star Game. Before the game, O'Neil was "traded" to the Fargo-Moorhead RedHawks and was listed as the starting shortstop, although after drawing an intentional walk, he was replaced before actually playing in the field. At the end of the inning, another "trade" was announced that brought O'Neil back to the Kansas City team, allowing him to lead off the bottom of the inning as well (drawing another intentional walk).

The T-Bones originally claimed that O'Neil, at age 94 years, 8 months, and 5 days, would be by far the oldest person to appear in a professional baseball game (surpassing 83-year-old Jim Eriotes who had struck out in another Northern League game just a week earlier).[8][9] However, that claim was in error, as the Schaumburg Flyers of the Northern League had signed Ted "Double Duty" Radcliffe to a one-game contract and allowed him to face one batter on June 19, 1999 when he was 96 years old.[10] While O'Neil was the second-oldest pro player, the claim was amended that he would be the oldest person to make a plate appearance in a professional baseball game.

The Kansas City T-Bones retired his number on May 26, 2006.[11]

Death and legacy

The Buck O'Neil Legacy Seat at Kauffman Stadium

On August 5, 2006, O'Neil was admitted to a Kansas City hospital after complaining that he didn't feel well. He was admitted for fatigue and was released three days later only to be re-admitted September 17. On September 28, Kansas City media reported that O'Neil's condition had worsened.[12][13] On October 6, O'Neil died at the age of 94 of heart failure and bone marrow cancer.[14]

During the ESPN opening day broadcast of the 2007 Kansas City Royals, on April 2, 2007, Joe Morgan announced that the Royals would honor O'Neil by placing a fan in the Buck O'Neil Legacy Seat[15] in Kauffman Stadium each game who best exemplifies O'Neil's spirit. The seat itself has been replaced by a red seat amidst the all-blue seats behind home plate in Section 101, Row C, Seat 1. Due to the renovations and section renumbering in 2009 the seat number is now Section 127, Row C, Seat 9, and the seat bottom is now padded. The first person to sit in "Buck's seat" was Buck O'Neil's brother, Warren.

Presidential Medal of Freedom

On December 7, 2006, O'Neil was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President George W. Bush;[16] the award was given to his brother, Warren, on his behalf on December 15. He was chosen due to his "excellence and determination both on and off the baseball field", according to the White House news release. He joins such sports notables as Jesse Owens, Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson, and Jack Nicklaus in receiving the United States' highest civilian honor. On November 13, 2012 the family of Buck O'Neil donated his Presidential Medal of Freedom to the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum in honor of what would have been O'Neil's 101st birthday. The medal will be showcased in a special area of the NLBM dedicated to O'Neil.[17]

Beacon of Life Award

On March 31, 2007—the day of Major League Baseball's first annual Civil Rights Game—O'Neil was posthumously awarded MLB's first annual Beacon of Life Award at the inaugural MLB Beacon Awards luncheon.[18][19]

Lifetime Achievement Award

On October 24, 2007, O'Neil was posthumously given a Lifetime Achievement Award named after him. He had fallen short in the Hall of Fame vote in 2006; however, he was honored in 2007 with a new award given by the Hall of Fame, to be named after him. A statue of O'Neil is to be placed inside the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum on 18th and Vine in Kansas City, and the Buck O'Neil Lifetime Achievement Award will be presented no more than every three years.[20]

At the Hall of Fame induction ceremony on July 27, 2008, Joe Morgan gave a dedication speech for the award and talked about O'Neil's life, repeatedly citing the title of O'Neil's autobiography, I Was Right on Time.

Other honors

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ "Zora Dust Tracks Heritage Marker 6". stlucieco.gov. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  2. ↑ "Barnstorming & the Negro Leagues: 1900s–1930s". Baseball, the Color Line, and Jackie Robinson. American Memory from the Library of Congress. Retrieved 2006-10-08.
  3. ↑ "Cubs to Scout College Campuses". The Chicago Defender. December 24, 1955.
  4. ↑ Eskew, Alan (February 2002). "HISTORY / NEGRO LEAGUES / FEATURES / Award winners: Pierre, Rollins two of many to win Legacy Awards". MLB.com. Retrieved 2011-10-05. O'Neil, who scouted and signed Joe Carter, ....
  5. ↑ Passan, Jeff (19 July 2012). "Ichiro draws from lessons learned from friend Buck O'Neil as he ponders future with Mariners". Yahoo! Sports. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
  6. ↑ "?". The Kansas City Star. February 28, 2006.
  7. ↑ MP3 audio: "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-06-20. Retrieved 2006-10-07.
  8. ↑ "Ex-Negro Leaguer digs in at All-Star game". Associated Press. July 18, 2006. Retrieved 2006-10-09.
  9. ↑ "Stars of All Ages Shine in N.L. All-Star Game". July 18, 2006. Archived from the original on 2006-11-15. Retrieved 2006-10-09.
  10. ↑ "Key Dates in Schaumburg Flyers History". Schaumburg Flyers. Archived from the original on 2006-08-11. Retrieved 2006-10-09.
  11. ↑ "T-Bones Retire "Buck" O'Neil's Uniform Number". Kansas City T-Bones. May 26, 2006. Retrieved June 16, 2013.
  12. ↑ "Buck O'Neil Remains Hospitalized". TheKansasCityChannel.com. September 28, 2006. Retrieved 2006-10-09.
  13. ↑ Mellinger, Sam (September 29, 2006). "O'Neil's health worries his friends". The Kansas City Star. Retrieved 2006-10-09.
  14. ↑ "Baseball Legend Buck O'Neil Dies At 94". October 6, 2006. Retrieved 2006-10-09.
  15. ↑ "2011 Buck O'Neil Legacy Seat Contest". KansasCityRoyals.com. MLB Advanced Media, L.P. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
  16. ↑ "Buck O'Neil awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom". McClatchy Newspapers. December 7, 2006. Retrieved 2006-12-08.
  17. ↑ Kaegel, Dick (13 November 2012). "Negro Leagues Museum gets new O'Neil items.". MLB.com via KC Royals website. Retrieved 14 November 2012.
  18. ↑ Bloom, Barry M. (March 31, 2007). "Beacons awarded at poignant luncheon: Three winners honored on day of Civil Rights Game". MLB Advanced Media, L.P. (MLB.com). Retrieved 2011-10-15. [The award] was accepted by Don Motley, the executive director of the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum ....
  19. ↑ Hill, Justice B. (March 27, 2007). "O'Neil to receive Beacon Award: Baseball ambassador recognized for his dedication". MLB.com. 2011 MLB Advanced Media, L.P. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
  20. ↑ Hall of Fame Honors Buck O'Neil with Lifetime Achievement Award
  21. ↑ Buck O'Neil Run/Walk Archived April 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.. Kansas City Sports Commission website. Retrieved 2011-10-16.
  22. ↑ "Buck O'Neil to be inducted in Hall of Famous Missourians". KCTV-TV via website. 2012-02-27. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
  23. ↑ E. Spencer Schubert

References

Further reading

External links

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