Beet necrotic yellow vein virus

Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV)
Scientific classification
Genus: Benyvirus
Species: Beet necrotic yellow vein virus
Synonyms

(possibly) Beet yellow vein virus

Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) is a plant virus, transmitted by the plasmodiophorid[1] Polymyxa betae (initially thought to be a fungus)[2]). Polymyxa forms highly resistant spores that can rest in soils for more than two decades.[3][4] The virus can rest in these spores, and when the spores germinate into mobile zoospores, they transmit the virus to the plant.[5]

The BNYVV is the type member of the Benyvirus genus[6] and is responsible for rhizomania, a disease of sugar beet (Rhizo: root; Mania: madness) that causes proliferation of thin rootlets, and leads to a smaller tap root with reduced sugar content. Infected plants are less able to take up water, and wilting can be observed during the warm period of the year. If the infection spreads to the whole plant, vein yellowing, necrosis and yellow spots appear on the leaves, giving the virus its name.

Depending on the isolate, the virus comprises four to five rod-shaped particles, each containing a different positive sense RNA. Each RNA has a 5' cap and 3' polyadenylation.[7]

External links

References

  1. ↑ http://www.ohio.edu/people/braselto/plasmos/poly.html
  2. ↑ Keskin B (1964) Polymyxa betae n.sp., a parasite in the roots of Beta vulgaris tournefort, particularly during the early growth of the sugar beet. Arch Mikrobiol 19: 348-374
  3. ↑ Adams MJ (1990) Epidemiology of fungally-transmitted viruses. Soil Use and management 6: 184-189
  4. ↑ Maraite H (1991) Transmission of viruses by soil fungi. In: Developments in agricultural and managed-forest ecology: biotic interactions and soil-borne diseases, Amsterdam, NL. Elsevier Science Publishers, pp 67-82
  5. ↑ Barr DJS (1988) Zoosporic plant parasites as fungal vectors of viruses: taxonomy and life cycles of species involved. In: Developments in Applied Biology II Viruses with Fungal Vectors, Wellesbourne, UK. Association of Applied Biologists, pp 123-137
  6. ↑ Tamada T (1999) Benyviruses. In: Webster R, Granoff A (eds) Encyclopedia of Virology, 2nd edt. Academic Press, New York, N.Y., pp 154-160
  7. ↑ Putz C (1977) Composition and structure of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus. Journal of General Virology 35: 397-401


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