Ali of Hejaz

Ali bin Hussein
King of Hejaz
Reign 3 October 1924 – 19 December 1925
Predecessor Hussein bin Ali
Successor None
Monarchy abolished
Ibn Saud (as King of Hejaz)
Sharif of Mecca
Reign 1924 – 1925
Predecessor Hussein bin Ali
Successor None
Sharifate abolished
Born 1879
Mecca, Ottoman Empire
Died February 13, 1935(1935-02-13) (aged 55–56)
Baghdad, Kingdom of Iraq
Burial Royal Mausoleum, Adhamiyah
Spouse Nafissa Khanum
Issue HRH Princess Abdiya
HRH Princess Aliya
HRH Crown Prince Abd al-Ilah
HRH Princess Badia
HRH Princess Jalila
House Hashemite
Father Hussein bin Ali
Mother Abdiya bin Abdullah
Religion Sunni Islam[1]

Ali bin Hussein, GBE (Arabic: علي بن الحسين بن علي الهاشمي‎‎, ‘Alī ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī al-Hāshimī; 1879–1935) was King of Hejaz and Grand Sharif of Mecca from October 1924 until he was deposed by Ibn Saud in December 1925. He was the eldest son of Sharif Hussein bin Ali, the first modern King of Hejaz, and a scion of the Hashemite family. With the passing of the kingship from his father he also became the heir to the title of Caliph, but he did not adopt the khalifal office and style.

Early life

The eldest son of Hussein, Ali bin Hussein was born in Mecca and was educated at Ghalata Serai College (Galatasaray High School) in Istanbul (Constantinople). His father was appointed Grand Sharif of Mecca by the Ottoman Empire in 1908. However, his relationship with the Young Turks in control of the Empire increasingly became strained, and, in 1916, he became one of the leaders of the Arab Revolt against Turkish rule. Following the Revolt's success, Hussein made himself the first King of Hejaz with British support. While Hussein's sons Abdullah and Faisal were made kings of Jordan and Iraq, respectively, Ali remained the heir to his father's lands in Arabia.

Ruling Hejaz

King Hussein soon found himself embroiled in fighting with the House of Saud, based in Riyadh. Following military defeats by Abdulaziz ibn Saud, King Hussein abdicated all of his secular titles to Ali on 3 October 1924. (Hussein had previously awarded himself the religious title of Caliph in March of that year.)

In December of the following year, Saudi forces finally overran Hejaz, which they eventually incorporated into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Ali and his family fled to Iraq.

Ali bin Hussein died in Baghdad, Iraq, in 1935. He had four daughters and one son, 'Abd al-Ilah, who went on to become the Regent of the Kingdom of Iraq during the minority of King Faisal II.

Marriage and children

In 1906 Ali married Nafissa Khanum, daughter of H.H. Emir Abdullah bin Muhammad Pasha, Grand Sharif and Emir of Mecca at Yeniköy, Bosphorus.[2] They had one son and four daughters:

See also

References

  1. ↑ IRAQ – Resurgence In The Shiite World – Part 8 – Jordan & The Hashemite Factors APS Diplomat Redrawing the Islamic Map, Februari 14, 2005
  2. ↑ Royal Ark

External links

Ali ibn Hussein
Born: 1879 Died: 13 February 1935
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Hussein ibn Ali
as King of the Arab Lands		 King of Hejaz
4 October 1924 – 19 December 1925 		Succeeded by
Ibn Saud
Preceded by
Hussein ibn Ali		 Sharif and Emir of Mecca
4 October 1924 – 16 October 1924 		Succeeded by
Khalid ibn Lu'ayy
as Emir of Mecca
Political offices
New creation Prime Minister of Hejaz
October 1916 – 4 October 1924 		Succeeded by
Abdullah Siraj
Preceded by
Abdullah ibn Hussein		 Emir of Medina
2 February 1919 – 4 October 1924 		Succeeded by
Ahmad ibn Mansur
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