1999 Hector Mine earthquake
  Barstow Los Angeles Las Vegas Carson City  | |
| Date | October 16, 1999 |
|---|---|
| Origin time | 02:46:44 PDT |
| Magnitude | 7.1 Mw |
| Depth | 0.1 kilometers (0 mi) |
| Epicenter | 34°36′N 116°16′W / 34.6°N 116.27°WCoordinates: 34°36′N 116°16′W / 34.6°N 116.27°W |
| Type | Strike-slip [1] |
| Areas affected |
Southern California United States |
| Total damage | Limited [2] |
| Max. intensity | VIII (Severe)[3] |
| Foreshocks | 3.8 ML Oct 16 at 02:41 [4] |
| Casualties | 5 injured[5] |
The 1999 Hector Mine earthquake occurred on October 16 at 02:46:44 PDT with a moment magnitude of 7.1 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). The strike-slip earthquake occurred in a remote part of the Mojave Desert, 47 miles (76 km) east-southeast of Barstow, California, inside the Twentynine Palms Marine Corps Base. Its name comes from a nearby quarry named Hector Mine, which is located 22 kilometers (14 mi) northwest of the epicenter.
Foreshocks
The sequence of 12 foreshocks of up to magnitude 3.8 that began 20 hours before the Hector Mine event occurred in the same location as a cluster of off-fault aftershocks of the Landers quake.[6]
Earthquake
The earthquake was felt throughout Southern California, as well as in Las Vegas, Nevada. Many people were awakened in Las Vegas, with many reporting dizziness or trouble walking. Reports were filed as far north as Carson City, Nevada, where one woman reported waking up, hearing chimes in her house ringing.
Damage
Almost no damage was reported in the immediate area of the earthquake due to the remote location of the epicenter in the Mojave Desert, with no settlements for 14 miles in all directions; however, an Amtrak westbound Southwest Chief (train #3) became an unusual victim of the earthquake. The train was traveling very near the epicenter when the quake struck. The combined force of the quake and train caused several rails to come loose and the train derailed. Only minor injuries were reported, and the trainset suffered repairable damage.
Aftermath
It is thought that the earthquake may have been triggered by the 1992 Landers earthquake seven years prior, since the recurrence interval of large earthquakes in the Eastern California Shear Zone is considered to be in the order of thousands of years.[7][8]
See also
- List of earthquakes in 1999
- List of earthquakes in California
- List of earthquakes in the United States
References
- ↑ USGS (September 4, 2009), PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog, Version 2008_06.1, United States Geological Survey
- ↑ National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS), Significant Earthquake Database, National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
- ↑ Event Hector_Mine Map
- ↑ USGS. "M3.8 - Southern California". United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ William G. Byers, P.E. "Railroad Damage from the October 16, 1999 Hector Mine Earthquake" (PDF). Retrieved 2009-10-21.
- ↑ SCEDC - Hector Mine Earthquake
- ↑ Robert J. Mellors; Lydie Sichoix; David T. Sandwell. "Lack of Precursory Slip to the Hector Mine Earthquake as constrained by INSAR" (PDF). Retrieved 2009-10-21.
- ↑ Evelyn J. Price; Roland Bürgmann. "Interactions between the Landers and Hector Mine, California, Earthquakes from Space Geodesy, Boundary Element Modeling, and Time-Dependent Friction". Retrieved 2009-10-21.
External links
- Hector Mine Earthquake – Southern California Earthquake Data Center
- M7.1 - Southern California – United States Geological Survey