1719

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1719 (MDCCXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (dominical letter A) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday (dominical letter D) of the Julian calendar, the 1719th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 719th year of the 2nd millennium, the 19th year of the 18th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1710s decade. As of the start of 1719, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1918.

Events

January 23: Liechtenstein.

June 10: Battle of Glen Shiel.

January–June

• January 23
  • The Principality of Liechtenstein is created within the Holy Roman Empire.^[1]
  • The Riksdag of the Estates recognizes Ulrika Eleonora's claim to the Swedish throne, after she has agreed to sign a new Swedish constitution. Thus, she is recognized as Queen regnant of Sweden.
• February 20 – The first Treaty of Stockholm is signed.
• April 19 – In Louisiana (New France), Bienville's brother Serigny arrives on a French man-of-war, bringing news that war was declared between France and Spain (from December 1718).
• April 25 – Daniel Defoe publishes Robinson Crusoe.
• April – French army under James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick invades the Basque provinces of Spain.
• May 14 – In Louisiana (New France), at war with Spain, Bienville, from Mobile, captures Pensacola, but Pensacola is later recaptured by the Spanish, and again re-taken by Bienville.^[2]
• June 4 – Battle of Ösel Island: A Russian naval force defeats the Swedish fleet.
• June 10 – Battle of Glen Shiel: British forces defeat the Jacobites and their Spanish allies.
• June 20 – Austrians are defeated in the Battle of Francavilla.

July–December

• December 22 – Andrew Bradford publishes the American Weekly Mercury, Pennsylvania's first newspaper.

Date unknown

• Prussia conducts Europe's first systematic census.
• Miners in Falun, Sweden find the apparently petrified body of Fet-Mats Israelsson in an unused part of the copper mine.
• Raine's Foundation School, Bethnal Green, opens in Wapping (opened by Henry Raine).
• Thomas Elfe, born in 1719 was a successful colonial period furniture craftsman in Charleston, South Carolina.

Births

• January 2 – Jacques-Alexandre Laffon de Ladebat, French shipbuilder and merchant (d. 1797)
• January 3
  • Francisco José Freire, Portuguese historian and philologist (d. 1773)
  • Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal, Archbishop of Mainz (d. 1802)
• January 17
  • William Vernon, American merchant (d. 1806)
  • Samuel Enderby, English whale oil merchant known for sponsoring arctic exploration (d. 1797)
• January 22 – Henry Paget, 2nd Earl of Uxbridge (d. 1769)
• January 23 – John Landen, English mathematician (d. 1790)
• January 28 – Johann Elias Schlegel, German critic and poet (d. 1749)
• March 4 – George Pigot, 1st Baron Pigot, British governor of Madras (d. 1777)
• March 13 – John Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden, British field marshal (d. 1797)
• April 2 – Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim, German poet (d. 1803)
• April 9 – Sir Edward Blackett, 4th Baronet, English politician (d. 1804)
• April 24 – Giuseppe Marc'Antonio Baretti, Italian literary critic (d. 1789)
• May 30 – Roger Newdigate, English politician and antiquities collector (d. 1806)
• June 28 – Étienne François, duc de Choiseul, French statesman (d. 1785)
• July 4 – Michel-Jean Sedaine, French dramatist (d. 1797)
• August 4 – Johann Gottlob Lehmann, German mineralogist and geologist (d. 1767)
• August 20
  • Christian Mayer, Czech astronomer (d. 1783)
  • Charles-François de Broglie, marquis de Ruffec, French soldier and diplomat (d. 1791)
• August 25 – Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo, French painter (d. 1795)
• September 6 – Somerset Hamilton Butler, 1st Earl of Carrick (d. 1754)
• September 11 – Tanuma Okitsugu, Japanese government official (d. 1788)
• September 27 – Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician (d. 1800)
• October 13 – Marco Coltellini, Italian librettist (d. 1777)
• October 17 – Jacques Cazotte, French writer (d. 1792)
• October 20 – Gottfried Achenwall, German statistician (d. 1772)
• November 6 – Louis-Antoine Caraccioli, French writer (d. 1803)
• November 14 – Leopold Mozart, German/Austrian composer. Father of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Maria Anna Mozart (Nannerl). (d. 1787)
• November 23 – Spranger Barry, Irish actor (d. 1777)
• November 30 – Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, Princess of Wales (d. 1772)
• December 15 – Ludwig IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. 1742)
• date unknown
  • William Bradford, American revolutionary and printer (d. 1791)
  • Dominic Serres, French-born painter (d. 1793)
  • Thomas Sheridan, Irish actor (d. 1788)
  • Marie Marguerite Bihéron, French anatomist (d. 1795)

Deaths

• January 15 – Tikhon Streshnev, Russian boyar (b. 1649)
• March 1 – Richard Ingoldesby, British soldier and colonial governor
• April 7 – Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French educational reformer (b. 1651)
• April 15 – Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon, second wife of Louis XIV of France (b. 1635)
• April 21 – Philippe de La Hire, French mathematician and astronomer (b. 1640)
• May 17 – Laurentius Christophori Hornæus, Swedish witch hunter (b. 1645)
• May 29 – Sir Alexander Seton, 1st Baronet, Scottish judge
• June 17 – Joseph Addison, English politician and writer (b. 1672)
• July 5
  • Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, Irish general (b. 1641)
  • Samuel Schotten, rabbi (b. 1644)
• July 17 – Elinor James, British pamphleteer (b. 1644)
• July 22 – Giovanni Gioseffo dal Sole, Italian painter and engraver (b. 1654)
• August 8 – Christoph Ludwig Agricola, German painter (b. 1667)
• September 7 – John Harris, English writer (b. c.1666)
• September 21 – Johann Heinrich Acker, German writer (b. 1647)
• September 27 – George Smalridge, English Bishop of Bristol (b. 1662)
• October 27 – François Baert, Belgian hagiographer (b. 1651)
• November 8 – Michel Rolle, French mathematician (b. 1652)
• December 2 – Pasquier Quesnel, French Jansenist theologian (b. 1634)
• November 26 – John Hudson, English classical scholar (b. 1662)
• December 31 – John Flamsteed, English astronomer (b. 1646)
• date unknown
  • Robert Clicquot, French organ builder (b. 1645)
  • André Raison, French composer and organist (b. 1650)
  • Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt, Swedish General (b. 1659)

References